Grammar parses for passage 5.22.3
Open translation for this passage
καὶ δὴ καὶ ἐλεγεῖον γράμμασίν ἐστιν ἀρχαίοις ὑπὸ τοῦ Διὸς τοῖς ποσί·
The copular clause has ἐλεγεῖον γράμμασιν ἀρχαίοις as the predicate nominal phrase, with ὑπὸ τοῦ Διὸς τοῖς ποσί indicating the divine author/source; ἀρχαίοις agrees with γράμμασιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 2 | δὴ | δή | PART | PART | _ | 6 ἐστιν | advmod | high | Emphatic/discourse particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | PART | CONJ | _ | 4 ἐλεγεῖον | advmod | medium | Correlative/emphatic καί, modifying ἐλεγεῖον. |
| 4 | ἐλεγεῖον | ἐλεγεῖος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Substantivized adjective, ‘elegiac [inscription/epigram]’; nominative predicate subject. |
| 5 | γράμμασίν | γράμμα | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ἐλεγεῖον | obl | medium | Dative of means or specification; exact attachment within the nominal predicate is somewhat uncertain. |
| 6 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | ἀρχαίοις | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 γράμμασίν | amod | high | Agrees with γράμμασιν. |
| 8 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | _ | 10 Διὸς | case | high | |
| 9 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Διὸς | det | high | |
| 10 | Διὸς | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐλεγεῖον | nmod | high | Genitive agent/source with ὑπό; attached to the nominal phrase. |
| 11 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ποσί | det | high | |
| 12 | ποσί | πούς | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἐλεγεῖον | obl | high | Dative complement/recipient phrase, ‘for the feet’; semantic relation to the inscription. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐστιν | punct | high |
μνάματʼ Ἀπολλωνίας ἀνακείμεθα, τὰν ἐνὶ πόντῳ Ἰονίῳ Φοῖβος ᾤκισʼ ἀκερσεκόμας·
The relative clause τὰν ἐνὶ πόντῳ Ἰονίῳ ... describes the place/city understood with the dedication; ἀνακείμεθα is dialectal and its exact lexical parsing is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μνάματʼ | μνᾶμα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 ἀνακείμεθα | obj | high | Aeolic/Doric form of μνῆμα; apostrophe marks elision. |
| 2 | Ἀπολλωνίας | Ἀπολλωνία | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 μνάματʼ | nmod | high | Genitive of association or dedication. |
| 3 | ἀνακείμεθα | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-1PAI-1P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Poetic/Doric form interpreted as ‘we dedicate/set up’; exact lexical formation is uncertain. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἀνακείμεθα | punct | high | |
| 5 | τὰν | ὁ | DET | D-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 πόντῳ | det | high | Doric/Aeolic accusative feminine article. |
| 6 | ἐνὶ | ἐν | ADP | R- | _ | 7 πόντῳ | case | high | Locative/dialectal form of ἐν. |
| 7 | πόντῳ | πόντος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ᾤκισʼ | obl | high | Object of ἐν. |
| 8 | Ἰονίῳ | Ἰόνιος | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 πόντῳ | amod | high | Agrees with πόντῳ. |
| 9 | Φοῖβος | Φοῖβος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ᾤκισʼ | nsubj | high | Apollo as the radiant deity. |
| 10 | ᾤκισʼ | οἰκίζω | VERB | V-A入I-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 3 ἀνακείμεθα | acl:relcl | medium | Elided form of ᾤκισε(ν), ‘founded/settled’; governs the relative clause. |
| 11 | ἀκερσεκόμας | ἀκερσεκόμης | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Φοῖβος | amod | high | Epithet of Φοῖβος, ‘unshorn-haired’. |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἀνακείμεθα | punct | high |
οἳ γᾶς τέρμαθʼ ἑλόντες Ἀβαντίδος ἐνθάδε ταῦτα ἔστασαν σὺν θεοῖς ἐκ Θρονίου δεκάταν.
The relative clause has οἳ as its subject; ἑλόντες is a circumstantial aorist participle, and ἔστασαν governs ταῦτα as its object. The final δεκάταν is an accusative of amount/content, understood as a tenth-offering from Thronium; the exact force of ἔστασαν is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἳ | ὅς | PRON | P-r---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 8 ἔστασαν | nsubj | high | Relative-pronoun subject of ἔστασαν. |
| 2 | γᾶς | γῆ | NOUN | N----sg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 τέρμαθʼ | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on τέρμαθʼ, ‘boundaries/end of the land’; dialectal form. |
| 3 | τέρμαθʼ | τέρμα | NOUN | N----ap- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ἑλόντες | obj | high | Object of ἑλόντες; apocope/elision of τέρματα before the following vowel. |
| 4 | ἑλόντες | αἱρέω | VERB | V---sapamn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ἔστασαν | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist participle, agreeing with οἳ. |
| 5 | Ἀβαντίδος | Ἀβαντίς | PROPN | Nb---sg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 τέρμαθʼ | nmod | medium | Proper-name genitive modifying τέρμαθʼ; place/region name. |
| 6 | ἐνθάδε | ἐνθάδε | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Dem | 8 ἔστασαν | advmod | high | Deictic adverb, ‘here’. |
| 7 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | Pd---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 8 ἔστασαν | obj | high | Demonstrative accusative object of ἔστασαν. |
| 8 | ἔστασαν | ἵστημι | VERB | V--san--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | low | Aorist active form; transitive sense ‘set up/placed’ is contextually inferred, though the exact lexical analysis is uncertain. |
| 9 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 θεοῖς | case | high | Preposition governing θεοῖς. |
| 10 | θεοῖς | θεός | NOUN | N---pd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἔστασαν | obl | high | Dative complement of σὺν. |
| 11 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 Θρονίου | case | high | Preposition governing Θρονίου. |
| 12 | Θρονίου | Θρόνιον | PROPN | Ne---sg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 δεκάταν | nmod | high | Genitive place name governed by ἐκ. |
| 13 | δεκάταν | δεκάτη | NOUN | N----sa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἔστασαν | obj | medium | Accusative ‘tenth’/tithe, likely the object or content of the setting up; exact syntactic attachment is uncertain. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἔστασαν | punct | high |
ἡ δὲ Ἀβαντὶς καλουμένη χώρα καὶ πόλισμα ἐν αὐτῇ Θρόνιον τῆς Θεσπρωτίδος ἦσαν ἠπείρου κατὰ ὄρη τὰ Κεραύνια.
The plural subject is coordinated χώρα καὶ πόλισμα, with ἦσαν as the copular verb; ἠπείρου is a dependent genitive with χώρα/πόλισμα understood as being of the mainland, while κατὰ ὄρη τὰ Κεραύνια specifies location. The appositional/attributive structure around Θρόνιον is somewhat compressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 χώρα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 ἦσαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἀβαντὶς | Ἄβαντις | PROPN | A5----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 χώρα | amod | medium | Ethnic/geographical name modifying χώρα. |
| 4 | καλουμένη | καλέω | VERB | VPPPN-SF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 3 Ἀβαντὶς | acl | high | Passive participle, ‘called/named’. |
| 5 | χώρα | χώρα | NOUN | N----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | First conjunct of the coordinated subject. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 πόλισμα | cc | high | |
| 7 | πόλισμα | πόλισμα | NOUN | N----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 χώρα | conj | medium | Second conjunct; coordination is mixed in grammatical gender but plural agreement is expected. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 Θρόνιον | case | high | |
| 9 | αὐτῇ | αὐτός | PRON | P---DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 10 Θρόνιον | obl | high | Refers to χώρα. |
| 10 | Θρόνιον | Θρόνιον | PROPN | A5----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 πόλισμα | appos | medium | Place-name in apposition to πόλισμα. |
| 11 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 Θεσπρωτίδος | det | high | |
| 12 | Θεσπρωτίδος | Θεσπρωτίς | PROPN | A5----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἠπείρου | nmod | medium | Genitive geographical designation; attachment to ἠπείρου is syntactically compressed. |
| 13 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V3PIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Plural agreement with coordinated χώρα καὶ πόλισμα. |
| 14 | ἠπείρου | ἤπειρος | NOUN | N----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἦσαν | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on the nominal predicate/locative description; exact attachment is uncertain. |
| 15 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 ὄρη | case | high | With accusative, ‘along/among’. |
| 16 | ὄρη | ὄρος | NOUN | N----APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἦσαν | obl | high | Prepositional locative/route phrase. |
| 17 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T----APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 18 Κεραύνια | det | high | |
| 18 | Κεραύνια | Κεραύνιος | ADJ | A----APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 16 ὄρη | amod | high | Name-bearing adjective modifying ὄρη. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἦσαν | punct | high |