Grammar parses for passage 5.22.4
Open translation for this passage
σκεδασθεισῶν γὰρ Ἕλλησιν, ὡς ἐκομίζοντο ἐξ Ἰλίου, τῶν νεῶν, Λοκροί τε ἐκ Θρονίου τῆς ἐπὶ Βοαγρίῳ ποταμῷ καὶ Ἄβαντες ἀπὸ Εὐβοίας ναυσὶν ὀκτὼ συναμφότεροι πρὸς τὰ ὄρη κατηνέχθησαν τὰ Κεραύνια.
The opening is a genitive absolute (σκεδασθεισῶν ... τῶν νεῶν) with an embedded ὡς temporal clause; Λοκροί and Ἄβαντες form coordinated nominative subjects of κατηνέχθησαν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | σκεδασθεισῶν | σκεδάννυμι | VERB | V-APP-GEN-PL-F | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 11 νεῶν | acl | high | Genitive absolute participle modifying τῶν νεῶν. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | -------- | _ | 31 κατηνέχθησαν | discourse | high | |
| 3 | Ἕλλησιν | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 1 σκεδασθεισῶν | obl | high | Dative of respect/reference with the participle. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 σκεδασθεισῶν | punct | high | |
| 5 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | -------- | _ | 6 ἐκομίζοντο | mark | high | |
| 6 | ἐκομίζοντο | κομίζω | VERB | V-IPI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Middle | 1 σκεδασθεισῶν | advcl | high | Temporal/circumstantial clause within the genitive absolute. |
| 7 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | P-G | Case=Genitive | 8 Ἰλίου | case | high | |
| 8 | Ἰλίου | Ἴλιον | PROPN | N-GSN | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 6 ἐκομίζοντο | obl | high | |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐκομίζοντο | punct | high | |
| 10 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 11 νεῶν | det | high | |
| 11 | νεῶν | ναῦς | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 31 κατηνέχθησαν | nsubj:pass | medium | Subject of the passive main verb; also controls the genitive absolute. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 νεῶν | punct | high | |
| 13 | Λοκροί | Λοκρός | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 31 κατηνέχθησαν | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 14 | τε | τε | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 13 Λοκροί | cc | high | Correlative τε with καί. |
| 15 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | P-G | Case=Genitive | 16 Θρονίου | case | high | |
| 16 | Θρονίου | Θρόνιον | PROPN | N-GSN | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 13 Λοκροί | nmod | high | Origin/place designation. |
| 17 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 18 ἐπὶ | det | high | Article in a place-name phrase. |
| 18 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P-D | Case=Dative | 20 ποταμῷ | case | high | With dative, 'on/by'. |
| 19 | Βοαγρίῳ | Βοαγρίος | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 20 ποταμῷ | nmod | high | |
| 20 | ποταμῷ | ποταμός | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 16 Θρονίου | appos | high | Apposition specifying Θρόνιον. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 22 Ἄβαντες | cc | high | Coordinates the two subject groups. |
| 22 | Ἄβαντες | Ἄβαντες | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 13 Λοκροί | conj | high | |
| 23 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | P-G | Case=Genitive | 24 Εὐβοίας | case | high | |
| 24 | Εὐβοίας | Εὔβοια | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 22 Ἄβαντες | obl | high | |
| 25 | ναυσὶν | ναῦς | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 31 κατηνέχθησαν | obl | high | Means/instrument dative. |
| 26 | ὀκτὼ | ὀκτώ | NUM | A-NUI | Number=Plurale tantum | 25 ναυσὶν | nummod | high | |
| 27 | συναμφότεροι | συναμφότερος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 31 κατηνέχθησαν | advmod | medium | Predicative/adverbial 'both together', referring to the two peoples. |
| 28 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | P-A | Case=Accusative | 30 ὄρη | case | high | |
| 29 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 30 ὄρη | det | high | |
| 30 | ὄρη | ὄρος | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 31 κατηνέχθησαν | obl | high | Goal/direction complement of πρὸς. |
| 31 | κατηνέχθησαν | καταφέρω | VERB | V-API-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 32 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 33 Κεραύνια | det | high | |
| 33 | Κεραύνια | Κεραύνια | PROPN | N-APN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 30 ὄρη | appos | high | Appositional name of the mountains. |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 κατηνέχθησαν | punct | high |
οἰκήσαντες δὲ ἐνταῦθα καὶ πόλιν οἰκίσαντες Θρόνιον, καὶ τῆς γῆς ἐφʼ ὅσον ἐνέμοντο Ἀβαντίδος ὄνομα ἀπὸ κοινοῦ λόγου θέμενοι, ἐκπίπτουσιν ὕστερον ὑπὸ Ἀπολλωνιατῶν ὁμόρων κρατηθέντες πολέμῳ.
The sentence has coordinated aorist participial clauses leading to the main verb ἐκπίπτουσιν; ὅσον introduces an extent relative clause dependent on the land-distribution expression.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἰκήσαντες | οἰκέω | VERB | VAAP-NPM | Case=Nominative|Gender= masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 22 ἐκπίπτουσιν | advcl | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 ἐκπίπτουσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 οἰκήσαντες | advmod | high | |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 οἰκίσαντες | cc | high | |
| 5 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 6 οἰκίσαντες | obj | high | |
| 6 | οἰκίσαντες | οἰκίζω | VERB | VAAP-NPM | Case=Nominative|Gender= masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 22 ἐκπίπτουσιν | advcl | high | |
| 7 | Θρόνιον | Θρόνιον | PROPN | N-ASN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 6 οἰκίσαντες | obj | high | City name; accusative apposition/name of the founded city. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 οἰκίσαντες | punct | high | |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 θέμενοι | cc | high | |
| 10 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | D-GSF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 11 γῆς | det | high | |
| 11 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 14 ἐνέμοντο | obl | high | |
| 12 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 ὅσον | case | high | Elided form ἐφʼ. |
| 13 | ὅσον | ὅσος | PRON | A-ASN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 14 ἐνέμοντο | obl | medium | Substantivized extent expression, 'as far/as much as'; governs the following relative clause. |
| 14 | ἐνέμοντο | νέμω | VERB | VIIM-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Middle | 20 θέμενοι | acl:relcl | high | |
| 15 | Ἀβαντίδος | Ἀβαντίς | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 16 ὄνομα | nmod | high | Genitive name modifying ὄνομα. |
| 16 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 20 θέμενοι | obj | high | |
| 17 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 19 λόγου | case | high | |
| 18 | κοινοῦ | κοινός | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender= masculine|Number=Singular | 19 λόγου | amod | high | |
| 19 | λόγου | λόγος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender= masculine|Number=Singular | 20 θέμενοι | obl | high | |
| 20 | θέμενοι | τίθημι | VERB | VAMP-NPM | Case=Nominative|Gender= masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 22 ἐκπίπτουσιν | advcl | high | Middle participle with double accusative construction: ὄνομα ... θέμενοι. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἐκπίπτουσιν | punct | high | |
| 22 | ἐκπίπτουσιν | ἐκπίπτω | VERB | V1PAI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 23 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | ADV | _ | 22 ἐκπίπτουσιν | advmod | high | |
| 24 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 25 Ἀπολλωνιατῶν | case | high | |
| 25 | Ἀπολλωνιατῶν | Ἀπολλωνιάτης | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Genitive|Gender= masculine|Number=Plural | 27 κρατηθέντες | obl:agent | high | |
| 26 | ὁμόρων | ὅμορος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Genitive|Gender= masculine|Number=Plural | 25 Ἀπολλωνιατῶν | amod | high | Adjectival ethnonym/descriptor, agreeing with Ἀπολλωνιατῶν. |
| 27 | κρατηθέντες | κρατέω | VERB | VAPP-NPM | Case=Nominative|Gender= masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 22 ἐκπίπτουσιν | advcl | high | |
| 28 | πολέμῳ | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dative|Gender= masculine|Number=Singular | 27 κρατηθέντες | obl | high | Instrumental/means dative with κρατηθέντες. |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἐκπίπτουσιν | punct | high |
ἀποικισθῆναι δὲ ἐκ Κορκύρας τὴν Ἀπολλωνίαν, τὴν δὲ Κορινθίων εἶναί φασιν ἀποικίαν, οἱ δὲ Κορινθίοις αὐτοῖς μετεῖναι λαφύρων.
Infinitival clauses are coordinated under φασιν: ἀποικισθῆναι has accusative subject τὴν Ἀπολλωνίαν and source ἐκ Κορκύρας; εἶναι has τὴν ... ἀποικίαν as predicative accusative; μετεῖναι is a further reported infinitive with dative experiencer/possessor Κορινθίοις αὐτοῖς and genitive λαφύρων. The repeated οἱ δὲ introduces an elliptical contrasting subject, understood as οἱ Κορίνθιοι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀποικισθῆναι | ἀποικίζω | VERB | V--ANP- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 12 φασιν | ccomp | high | First reported infinitive under φασιν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 ἀποικισθῆναι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 Κορκύρας | case | high | |
| 4 | Κορκύρας | Κέρκυρα | PROPN | N----GS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀποικισθῆναι | obl | high | Source of colonization. |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T----AS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Ἀπολλωνίαν | det | high | |
| 6 | Ἀπολλωνίαν | Ἀπολλωνία | PROPN | N----AS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀποικισθῆναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of passive infinitive. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀποικισθῆναι | punct | high | |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T----AS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 ἀποικίαν | det | high | |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 εἶναί | cc | high | Connects the second reported proposition. |
| 10 | Κορινθίων | Κορίνθιος | PROPN | N---GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἀποικίαν | nmod | medium | Genitive of origin/association with ἀποικίαν. |
| 11 | εἶναί | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 12 φασιν | ccomp | high | Second reported infinitive under φασιν. |
| 12 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PIA-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | ἀποικίαν | ἀποικία | NOUN | N----AS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 εἶναί | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative with εἶναι; τὴν Ἀπολλωνίαν is understood from the first infinitive. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 εἶναί | punct | high | |
| 15 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 μετεῖναι | nsubj | low | Substantival article; contrasting subject is elliptical, likely οἱ Κορίνθιοι. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 μετεῖναι | cc | high | |
| 17 | Κορινθίοις | Κορίνθιος | PROPN | N---DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 μετεῖναι | iobj | high | Dative of those having a share. |
| 18 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P---DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 17 Κορινθίοις | appos | high | Intensive apposition to Κορινθίοις. |
| 19 | μετεῖναι | μέτειμι | VERB | V--PAN- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 12 φασιν | ccomp | high | Third coordinated reported infinitive; μέτειμι takes a dative of participation. |
| 20 | λαφύρων | λάφυρον | NOUN | N---GPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 μετεῖναι | obl | high | Genitive complement of μετεῖναι. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 φασιν | punct | high |