Grammar parses for passage 5.22.4
Open translation for this passage
σκεδασθεισῶν γὰρ Ἕλλησιν, ὡς ἐκομίζοντο ἐξ Ἰλίου, τῶν νεῶν, Λοκροί τε ἐκ Θρονίου τῆς ἐπὶ Βοαγρίῳ ποταμῷ καὶ Ἄβαντες ἀπὸ Εὐβοίας ναυσὶν ὀκτὼ συναμφότεροι πρὸς τὰ ὄρη κατηνέχθησαν τὰ Κεραύνια.
The clause begins with two genitive absolutes and then a main passive clause; several source phrases are coordinated and the final place-name phrase is appositive to τὰ ὄρη.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | σκεδασθεισῶν | σκορπίζω | VERB | V-APPFPG | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 11 νεῶν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 1 σκεδασθεισῶν | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | Ἕλλησιν | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-P---PD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 σκεδασθεισῶν | obl | medium | Dative object within genitive absolute construction; form may be used loosely for the Greeks. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 σκεδασθεισῶν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 5 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 6 ἐκομίζοντο | mark | high | Subordinating conjunction. |
| 6 | ἐκομίζοντο | κομίζω | VERB | V-IMI3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 31 κατηνέχθησαν | advcl | high | Temporal/causal subordinate clause. |
| 7 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 8 Ἰλίου | case | high | Preposition. |
| 8 | Ἰλίου | Ἴλιον | PROPN | N-P---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἐκομίζοντο | obl | high | Genitive with ἐκ. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐκομίζοντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-X---PG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 νεῶν | det | high | Article modifying νεῶν. |
| 11 | νεῶν | ναῦς | NOUN | N-P---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 σκεδασθεισῶν | nmod | high | Head of the genitive absolute. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 νεῶν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | Λοκροί | Λοκρός | PROPN | N-P---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 31 κατηνέχθησαν | nsubj | high | First coordinate subject. |
| 14 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 13 Λοκροί | advmod | high | Enclitic coordinating particle. |
| 15 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 16 Θρονίου | case | high | Preposition. |
| 16 | Θρονίου | Θρόνιον | PROPN | N-S---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 Λοκροί | nmod | high | Source phrase with ἐκ. |
| 17 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-X---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ποταμῷ | det | medium | Article of the following toponymic phrase. |
| 18 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 20 ποταμῷ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 19 | Βοαγρίῳ | Βοάγριος | PROPN | A---FDM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ποταμῷ | nmod | high | Modifier of ποταμῷ. |
| 20 | ποταμῷ | ποταμός | NOUN | N-S---DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 Λοκροί | obl | high | Dative with ἐπί in source phrase. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 22 Ἄβαντες | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 22 | Ἄβαντες | Ἄβαντες | PROPN | N-P---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 31 κατηνέχθησαν | conj | high | Second coordinated subject. |
| 23 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | _ | _ | 24 Εὐβοίας | case | high | Preposition. |
| 24 | Εὐβοίας | Εὔβοια | PROPN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 Ἄβαντες | nmod | high | Source phrase with ἀπό. |
| 25 | ναυσὶν | ναῦς | NOUN | N-P---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 31 κατηνέχθησαν | obl | high | Instrumental dative. |
| 26 | ὀκτὼ | ὀκτώ | NUM | M- | Case=Acc|Number=Plur | 25 ναυσὶν | nummod | medium | Numeral agreeing loosely with ναυσί(ν); case tagging is approximate for Greek numerals. |
| 27 | συναμφότεροι | συναμφότεροι | ADJ | A-P---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 31 κατηνέχθησαν | advmod | medium | Adverbial/comitative sense 'both together'; morphology somewhat uncertain. |
| 28 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | _ | _ | 30 ὄρη | case | high | Preposition. |
| 29 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-X---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 30 ὄρη | det | high | Article modifying ὄρη. |
| 30 | ὄρη | ὄρος | NOUN | N-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 31 κατηνέχθησαν | obl | high | Goal phrase with πρός. |
| 31 | κατηνέχθησαν | καταφέρω | VERB | V-API3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 32 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-X---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 33 Κεραύνια | det | high | Article modifying Κεραύνια. |
| 33 | Κεραύνια | Κεραύνια | PROPN | N-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 30 ὄρη | appos | medium | Appositive/toponymic identifier of τὰ ὄρη. |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 κατηνέχθησαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
οἰκήσαντες δὲ ἐνταῦθα καὶ πόλιν οἰκίσαντες Θρόνιον, καὶ τῆς γῆς ἐφʼ ὅσον ἐνέμοντο Ἀβαντίδος ὄνομα ἀπὸ κοινοῦ λόγου θέμενοι, ἐκπίπτουσιν ὕστερον ὑπὸ Ἀπολλωνιατῶν ὁμόρων κρατηθέντες πολέμῳ.
A long periodic sentence built from several coordinate participial clauses; the main finite verb is ἐκπίπτουσιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἰκήσαντες | οἰκέω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 22 ἐκπίπτουσιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, agreeing with implicit subject of the main verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G--------- | _ | 1 οἰκήσαντες | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D--------- | _ | 1 οἰκήσαντες | advmod | high | Adverbial modifier of the participle. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 οἰκίσαντες | cc | high | Coordinates participles. |
| 5 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-SF-A--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 οἰκίσαντες | obj | high | Direct object of οἰκίσαντες. |
| 6 | οἰκίσαντες | οἰκίζω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 22 ἐκπίπτουσιν | advcl | high | Second circumstantial participle. |
| 7 | Θρόνιον | Θρόνιον | PROPN | Neut | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 οἰκίσαντες | obj | medium | Proper name in apposition/part of object phrase; likely direct object of οἰκίσαντες. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 οἰκίσαντες | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 θέμενοι | cc | high | Coordinates participial clauses. |
| 10 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-SF-G--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 γῆς | det | high | Article modifying γῆς. |
| 11 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | N-SF-G--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἐνέμοντο | obl | high | Partitive/genitive dependent of ἐνέμοντο. |
| 12 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R--------- | _ | 13 ὅσον | case | high | Governs the relative phrase. |
| 13 | ὅσον | ὅσος | PRON | Pk-SN-A--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἐνέμοντο | obl | medium | Likely correlates with extent/area; governed by ἐπί. |
| 14 | ἐνέμοντο | νέμω | VERB | V-IMI-3P--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 20 θέμενοι | advcl | high | Imperfect middle deponent-like form within relative clause. |
| 15 | Ἀβαντίδος | Ἀβαντίς | PROPN | N-SF-G--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ὄνομα | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ὄνομα. |
| 16 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-SN-A--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 θέμενοι | obj | high | Object of θέμενοι. |
| 17 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R--------- | _ | 19 λόγου | case | high | Introduces source/means phrase. |
| 18 | κοινοῦ | κοινός | ADJ | A-SN-G--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 λόγου | amod | high | Adnominal modifier of λόγου. |
| 19 | λόγου | λόγος | NOUN | N-SM-G--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 θέμενοι | obl | medium | Genitive phrase with ἀπό, likely adverbial/source-like. |
| 20 | θέμενοι | τίθημι | VERB | V-AMP-NPM | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 22 ἐκπίπτουσιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, parallel to earlier participles. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 θέμενοι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 22 | ἐκπίπτουσιν | ἐκπίπτω | VERB | V-PAI-3P--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 23 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | D--------- | _ | 22 ἐκπίπτουσιν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying the main verb. |
| 24 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R--------- | _ | 25 Ἀπολλωνιατῶν | case | high | Marks agent in passive participle phrase. |
| 25 | Ἀπολλωνιατῶν | Ἀπολλωνιάτης | PROPN | N-PM-G--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 κρατηθέντες | obl | high | Agentive genitive with ὑπό. |
| 26 | ὁμόρων | ὅμορος | ADJ | A-PM-G--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 Ἀπολλωνιατῶν | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying Ἀπολλωνιατῶν. |
| 27 | κρατηθέντες | κρατέω | VERB | V-APP-NPM | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 22 ἐκπίπτουσιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial passive participle. |
| 28 | πολέμῳ | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-SM-D--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 κρατηθέντες | obl | high | Dative of means/cause with κρατηθέντες. |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἐκπίπτουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ἀποικισθῆναι δὲ ἐκ Κορκύρας τὴν Ἀπολλωνίαν, τὴν δὲ Κορινθίων εἶναί φασιν ἀποικίαν, οἱ δὲ Κορινθίοις αὐτοῖς μετεῖναι λαφύρων.
The sentence contains two reported-content infinitival clauses under φασιν; the final phrase μετεῖναι λαφύρων is syntactically somewhat uncertain, especially the genitive relationship.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀποικισθῆναι | ἀποικίζω | VERB | V--ANP--- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 12 φασιν | csubj | high | Infinitive clause dependent on φασιν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἀποικισθῆναι | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R--- | _ | 4 Κορκύρας | case | high | Preposition governing Κορκύρας. |
| 4 | Κορκύρας | Κέρκυρα | PROPN | N-S---FA- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀποικισθῆναι | obl | high | Object of ἐκ. |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Ἀπολλωνίαν | det | high | Article with Ἀπολλωνίαν. |
| 6 | Ἀπολλωνίαν | Ἀπολλωνία | PROPN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀποικισθῆναι | obj | high | Accusative subject of passive infinitive. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀποικισθῆναι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 ἀποικίαν | det | high | Article with ἀποικίαν. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 8 τὴν | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 10 | Κορινθίων | Κορίνθιος | ADJ | A-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἀποικίαν | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἀποικίαν. |
| 11 | εἶναί | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 12 φασιν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive in indirect statement. |
| 12 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 13 | ἀποικίαν | ἀποικία | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 εἶναί | xcomp | high | Predicate noun of εἶναί. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 φασιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 15 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 μετεῖναι | det | medium | Likely article functioning substantively with implied subject. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 15 οἱ | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 17 | Κορινθίοις | Κορίνθιος | ADJ | A-P---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 μετεῖναι | iobj | medium | Dative with μετεῖναι. |
| 18 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P-P---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 19 μετεῖναι | iobj | low | Possibly emphatic/appositional to Κορινθίοις. |
| 19 | μετεῖναι | μέτεστι | VERB | V--PAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 12 φασιν | ccomp | high | Infinitive in reported speech. |
| 20 | λαφύρων | λάφυρον | NOUN | N-P---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 μετεῖναι | nsubj | medium | Genitive with μέτεστι; partitive/subjective genitive. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 φασιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |