Grammar parses for passage 5.23.1
Open translation for this passage
παρεξιόντι δὲ παρὰ τὴν ἐς τὸ βουλευτήριον ἔσοδον Ζεύς τε ἕστηκεν ἐπίγραμμα ἔχων οὐδὲν
The sentence is elliptical: παρεξιόντι is a temporal dative participle, while Ζεύς τε ἕστηκεν introduces Zeus; ἐπίγραμμα ἔχων is a participial adjunct, and οὐδέν is the neuter object/predicate content of the inscription, with an implied verb such as γράφει.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρεξιόντι | παρέξειμι | VERB | V-PAP-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 11 ἕστηκεν | advcl | medium | Temporal dative participle, likely referring to one passing by; syntactic relation is somewhat elliptical. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 ἕστηκεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 ἔσοδον | case | high | With accusative τὴν ... ἔσοδον, indicating location/path beside or by. |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἔσοδον | det | high | |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 ἔσοδον | case | high | Introduces the destination phrase τὸ βουλευτήριον. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 βουλευτήριον | det | high | |
| 7 | βουλευτήριον | βουλευτήριον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἔσοδον | nmod | high | Object of εἰς; nested within the noun phrase governed by παρά. |
| 8 | ἔσοδον | εἴσοδος | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἕστηκεν | obl | high | Accusative object of παρά in a locative/path expression. |
| 9 | Ζεύς | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἕστηκεν | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 ἕστηκεν | cc | medium | Postpositive connective; likely pairs with δέ across the clause. |
| 11 | ἕστηκεν | ἵστημι | VERB | V-RIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect form with intransitive/stative sense ‘stands’. |
| 12 | ἐπίγραμμα | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἔχων | obj | high | Object of ἔχων. |
| 13 | ἔχων | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 11 ἕστηκεν | advcl | high | Concomitant participle agreeing with Ζεύς: ‘having an inscription’. |
| 14 | οὐδὲν | οὐδείς | PRON | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἐπίγραμμα | nmod | low | Morphology and attachment are uncertain in the elliptical phrase; likely the content ‘nothing’ of the inscription, with an omitted verb such as γράφει. |
καὶ αὖθις ὡς πρὸς ἄρκτον ἐπιστρέψαντι ἄγαλμά ἐστι Διός· τοῦτο τέτραπται μὲν πρὸς ἀνίσχοντα ἥλιον, ἀνέθεσαν δὲ Ἑλλήνων ὅσοι Πλαταιᾶσιν ἐμαχέσαντο ἐναντία Μαρδονίου τε καὶ Μήδων.
The passage contains two coordinated main clauses: ἄγαλμά ἐστι followed by τοῦτο τέτραπται μέν, with ἀνέθεσαν δέ coordinated to the latter; the dative participle ἐπιστρέψαντι is syntactically dependent on the first clause and its implicit experiencer is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἐστι | cc | high | |
| 2 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | ADV | _ | 6 ἐπιστρέψαντι | advmod | high | |
| 3 | ὡς | ὡς | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 ἄρκτον | case | high | Preposition governing ἄρκτον. |
| 4 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 ἄρκτον | case | high | Preposition governing ἄρκτον. |
| 5 | ἄρκτον | ἄρκτος | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐπιστρέψαντι | obl | high | |
| 6 | ἐπιστρέψαντι | ἐπιστρέφω | VERB | V-PAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ἐστι | advcl | medium | Dative participle, probably agreeing with an implicit observer/person. |
| 7 | ἄγαλμά | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | ἐστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | Διός | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἄγαλμά | nmod | high | |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστι | punct | high | |
| 11 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | D-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 12 τέτραπται | nsubj | high | Accusative form is retained as the subject of the passive/perfect verbal predicate in this construction. |
| 12 | τέτραπται | τρέπω | VERB | V-RPI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 8 ἐστι | parataxis | high | Second independent clause after the semicolon. |
| 13 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 12 τέτραπται | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with δέ at token 19. |
| 14 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 16 ἥλιον | case | high | |
| 15 | ἀνίσχοντα | ἀνέχω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 ἥλιον | amod | high | Participial modifier of ἥλιον. |
| 16 | ἥλιον | ἥλιος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 τέτραπται | obl | high | |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἀνέθεσαν | punct | high | |
| 18 | ἀνέθεσαν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 12 τέτραπται | conj | high | Coordinated clause corresponding to μέν; δέ marks the contrast. |
| 19 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ἀνέθεσαν | cc | high | |
| 20 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 ὅσοι | nmod | high | Partitive genitive with ὅσοι. |
| 21 | ὅσοι | ὅσος | PRON | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 23 ἐμαχέσαντο | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun introducing the restrictive relative clause. |
| 22 | Πλαταιᾶσιν | Πλαταιαί | PROPN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 23 ἐμαχέσαντο | obl | high | Dative of place/association with ἐμαχέσαντο. |
| 23 | ἐμαχέσαντο | μάχομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 21 ὅσοι | acl:rel | high | |
| 24 | ἐναντία | ἐναντίος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 23 ἐμαχέσαντο | obl | medium | Substantivized neuter plural, governing the following genitives. |
| 25 | Μαρδονίου | Μαρδόνιος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἐναντία | nmod | high | |
| 26 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 25 Μαρδονίου | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί coordination. |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 25 Μαρδονίου | cc | high | Second coordinator in τε ... καί. |
| 28 | Μήδων | Μῆδος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 Μαρδονίου | conj | high | |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἀνέθεσαν | punct | high |
εἰσὶ δὲ καὶ ἐγγεγραμμέναι κατὰ τοῦ βάθρου τὰ δεξιὰ αἱ μετασχοῦσαι πόλεις τοῦ ἔργου, Λακεδαιμόνιοι μὲν πρῶτοι, μετὰ δὲ αὐτοὺς Ἀθηναῖοι, τρίτοι δὲ γεγραμμένοι καὶ τέταρτοι Κορίνθιοί τε καὶ Σικυώνιοι,
The sentence has an initial existential/predicative construction, followed by an elliptical list of cities and ordinal positions; γεγραμμένοι and the ordinals are coordinated continuation predicates.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἰσὶ | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 εἰσὶ | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 4 ἐγγεγραμμέναι | advmod | medium | Adverbial καί modifying the participial predicate. |
| 4 | ἐγγεγραμμέναι | ἐγγράφω | VERB | V-RPP-NFP | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 1 εἰσὶ | xcomp | medium | Perfect passive participle coordinated predicatively with εἰσὶ. |
| 5 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 βάθρου | case | high | |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 βάθρου | det | high | |
| 7 | βάθρου | βάθρον | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐγγεγραμμέναι | obl | high | |
| 8 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 δεξιὰ | det | high | |
| 9 | δεξιὰ | δεξιός | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ἐγγεγραμμέναι | obl | medium | Substantivized neuter plural, probably ‘the right-hand [parts]’. |
| 10 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NFP | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 πόλεις | det | high | |
| 11 | μετασχοῦσαι | μετέχω | VERB | V-AAP-NFP | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 12 πόλεις | acl | high | |
| 12 | πόλεις | πόλις | NOUN | N-NFP | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 ἐγγεγραμμέναι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐγγεγραμμέναι; the participle agrees with this noun. |
| 13 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἔργου | det | high | |
| 14 | ἔργου | ἔργον | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 μετασχοῦσαι | obl | high | Genitive dependent on μετέχω. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 εἰσὶ | punct | high | |
| 16 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 πρῶτοι | nsubj | high | Elliptical nominative subject in the enumerative continuation. |
| 17 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 16 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | discourse | high | |
| 18 | πρῶτοι | πρῶτος | ADJ | A-NPM-S | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 εἰσὶ | parataxis | medium | Elliptical predicative continuation: ‘the Lacedaemonians first’. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 πρῶτοι | punct | high | |
| 20 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | PREP | _ | 22 αὐτοὺς | case | high | |
| 21 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 23 Ἀθηναῖοι | cc | high | |
| 22 | αὐτοὺς | αὐτός | PRON | P-AMPM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 23 Ἀθηναῖοι | obl | high | |
| 23 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 εἰσὶ | parataxis | medium | Elliptical continuation: ‘the Athenians after them’. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 Ἀθηναῖοι | punct | high | |
| 25 | τρίτοι | τρίτος | ADJ | A-NPM-S | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 γεγραμμένοι | conj | medium | Elliptical ordinal predicate coordinated with γεγραμμένοι. |
| 26 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 25 τρίτοι | cc | high | |
| 27 | γεγραμμένοι | γράφω | VERB | V-RPP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 1 εἰσὶ | parataxis | medium | Elliptical perfect passive participle, ‘written/inscribed third’. |
| 28 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 30 Κορίνθιοί | cc | high | |
| 29 | τέταρτοι | τέταρτος | ADJ | A-NPM-S | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 33 Σικυώνιοι | conj | medium | Elliptical ordinal predicate, ‘fourth’. |
| 30 | Κορίνθιοί | Κορίνθιος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 τέταρτοι | nsubj | high | |
| 31 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 30 Κορίνθιοί | cc | high | |
| 32 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 33 Σικυώνιοι | cc | high | |
| 33 | Σικυώνιοι | Σικυώνιος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 τέταρτοι | conj | high | |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 εἰσὶ | punct | high |