Grammar parses for passage 5.23.2
Open translation for this passage
πέμπτοι δὲ Αἰγινῆται, μετὰ δὲ Αἰγινήτας Μεγαρεῖς καὶ Ἐπιδαύριοι, Ἀρκάδων δὲ Τεγεᾶταί τε καὶ Ὀρχομένιοι, ἐπὶ δὲ αὐτοῖς ὅσοι Φλιοῦντα καὶ Τροίζηνα καὶ Ἑρμιόνα οἰκοῦσιν, ἐκ δὲ χώρας τῆς Ἀργείας Τιρύνθιοι, Πλαταιεῖς δὲ μόνοι Βοιωτῶν,
Enumeration with an elided copula and nominal predicates; πέμπτοι, Μεγαρεῖς, etc. are coordinated subject/predicate groups. ὅσοι governs a relative clause with οἰκοῦσιν; the final Πλαταιεῖς δὲ μόνοι Βοιωτῶν is an elliptical concluding member.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πέμπτοι | πέμπτος | ADJ | A--NPMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | high | Nominal ordinal in an elliptical enumeration. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 πέμπτοι | cc | high | |
| 3 | Αἰγινῆται | Αἰγινήτης | PROPN | N--NPMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 πέμπτοι | nsubj | high | Ethnic name, nominative plural. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 πέμπτοι | punct | high | |
| 5 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | P | _ | 7 Αἰγινήτας | case | high | With accusative, ‘after’. |
| 6 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 Μεγαρεῖς | cc | high | |
| 7 | Αἰγινήτας | Αἰγινήτης | PROPN | N--APMP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 Μεγαρεῖς | obl | high | Accusative object of μετά. |
| 8 | Μεγαρεῖς | Μεγαρεύς | PROPN | N--NPMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 πέμπτοι | conj | high | Next enumerated ethnic group. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 Ἐπιδαύριοι | cc | high | |
| 10 | Ἐπιδαύριοι | Ἐπιδαύριος | PROPN | A--NPMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 Μεγαρεῖς | conj | high | |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 Μεγαρεῖς | punct | high | |
| 12 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 Τεγεᾶταί | nmod | high | Partitive/associative genitive, ‘of the Arcadians’. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 Τεγεᾶταί | cc | high | |
| 14 | Τεγεᾶταί | Τεγεάτης | PROPN | N--NPMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 πέμπτοι | conj | high | |
| 15 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 Τεγεᾶταί | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί coordination. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 Ὀρχομένιοι | cc | high | Second coordinator. |
| 17 | Ὀρχομένιοι | Ὀρχομένιος | PROPN | N--NPMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 Τεγεᾶταί | conj | high | |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 Τεγεᾶταί | punct | high | |
| 19 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 21 αὐτοῖς | case | high | With dative, ‘upon/in addition to’. |
| 20 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 αὐτοῖς | cc | high | |
| 21 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P--DM-P | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 1 πέμπτοι | obl | high | Dative with ἐπί, ‘besides them’. |
| 22 | ὅσοι | ὅσος | PRON | P--NPMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 21 αὐτοῖς | nsubj | medium | Relative nominal, ‘all who’; linked to the following clause. |
| 23 | Φλιοῦντα | Φλιοῦς | PROPN | N--APFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 οἰκοῦσιν | obj | high | Accusative place-name governed by οἰκοῦσιν. |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 25 Τροίζηνα | cc | high | |
| 25 | Τροίζηνα | Τροιζήν | PROPN | N--APFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 Φλιοῦντα | conj | high | Coordinated accusative place-name. |
| 26 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 27 Ἑρμιόνα | cc | high | |
| 27 | Ἑρμιόνα | Ἑρμιόνη | PROPN | N--APFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 Φλιοῦντα | conj | high | Coordinated accusative place-name. |
| 28 | οἰκοῦσιν | οἰκέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 22 ὅσοι | acl:relcl | high | |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 οἰκοῦσιν | punct | high | |
| 30 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | P | _ | 32 χώρας | case | high | With genitive. |
| 31 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 35 Τιρύνθιοι | cc | high | |
| 32 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | N--GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 35 Τιρύνθιοι | obl | high | Source/region phrase with ἐκ. |
| 33 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S--GF-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 34 Ἀργείας | det | high | |
| 34 | Ἀργείας | Ἀργεῖος | ADJ | A--GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 χώρας | amod | high | Adjectival ethnic modifier, ‘Argive’. |
| 35 | Τιρύνθιοι | Τιρύνθιος | PROPN | A--NPMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 πέμπτοι | conj | high | Next enumerated ethnic group. |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 35 Τιρύνθιοι | punct | high | |
| 37 | Πλαταιεῖς | Πλαταιεύς | PROPN | N--NPMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 πέμπτοι | conj | high | Final enumerated ethnic group. |
| 38 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 37 Πλαταιεῖς | cc | high | |
| 39 | μόνοι | μόνος | ADJ | A--NPMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 37 Πλαταιεῖς | amod | high | Predicative/contrastive adjective, ‘alone’. |
| 40 | Βοιωτῶν | Βοιωτός | PROPN | A--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 37 Πλαταιεῖς | nmod | high | Genitive of whole, ‘of the Boeotians’. |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 37 Πλαταιεῖς | punct | high |
καὶ Ἀργείων οἱ Μυκήνας ἔχοντες, νησιῶται δὲ Κεῖοι καὶ Μήλιοι, Ἀμβρακιῶται δὲ ἐξ ἠπείρου τῆς Θεσπρωτίδος,
Elliptical coordinated nominal clauses: Ἀργείων depends on an omitted/understood subject or predicate, while οἱ Μυκήνας ἔχοντες identifies the Argives; subsequent groups are coordinated elliptical clauses. The final ἐξ phrase modifies Ἀμβρακιῶται, with Θεσπρωτίδος dependent on ἠπείρου.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 2 Ἀργείων | cc | high | |
| 2 | Ἀργείων | Ἀργεῖος | ADJ | A--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 νησιῶται | conj | medium | Substantivized genitive; coordination is elliptical. |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἔχοντες | det | high | |
| 4 | Μυκήνας | Μυκήνη | PROPN | Ne-AFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 ἔχοντες | obj | high | Place name in the plural. |
| 5 | ἔχοντες | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 νησιῶται | acl | high | |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 νησιῶται | punct | high | |
| 7 | νησιῶται | νησιώτης | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Best treated as the first overt predicate/nominal anchor of an elliptical coordination. |
| 8 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 νησιῶται | cc | high | |
| 9 | Κεῖοι | Κεῖος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 νησιῶται | conj | high | Substantivized ethnonym. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 Μήλιοι | cc | high | |
| 11 | Μήλιοι | Μήλιος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 Κεῖοι | conj | high | Substantivized ethnonym. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 Κεῖοι | punct | high | |
| 13 | Ἀμβρακιῶται | Ἀμβρακιώτης | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 νησιῶται | conj | high | Substantivized ethnic noun in a further elliptical coordination. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 Ἀμβρακιῶται | cc | high | |
| 15 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 16 ἠπείρου | case | high | |
| 16 | ἠπείρου | ἤπειρος | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 Ἀμβρακιῶται | obl | high | Genitive governed by ἐξ. |
| 17 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Θεσπρωτίδος | det | high | |
| 18 | Θεσπρωτίδος | Θεσπρωτίς | PROPN | Ne-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἠπείρου | nmod | high | Regional name specifying ἠπείρου. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 Ἀμβρακιῶται | punct | high |
Τήνιοί τε καὶ Λεπρεᾶται, Λεπρεᾶται μὲν τῶν ἐκ τῆς Τριφυλίας μόνοι, ἐκ δὲ Αἰγαίου καὶ τῶν Κυκλάδων οὐ Τήνιοι μόνοι ἀλλὰ καὶ Νάξιοι καὶ Κύθνιοι,
Fragmentary coordinated nominal construction: Τήνιοί τε καὶ Λεπρεᾶται is resumed and elaborated by Λεπρεᾶται μὲν ... οὐ Τήνιοι μόνοι ἀλλὰ καὶ ...; the omitted copula is understood. The second ἐκ phrase coordinates with the first, and τῶν Κυκλάδων is governed by ἐκ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Τήνιοί | Τήνιος | PROPN | NPMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 Λεπρεᾶται | conj | high | First coordinated ethnonym. |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 1 Τήνιοί | cc | high | Postpositive coordinator. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 Λεπρεᾶται | cc | high | Coordinator joining the initial ethnonyms. |
| 4 | Λεπρεᾶται | Λεπρεάτης | PROPN | NPMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | medium | First nominal predicate/subject of the fragment; syntactic copula is omitted. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 Λεπρεᾶται | punct | high | |
| 6 | Λεπρεᾶται | Λεπρεάτης | PROPN | NPMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 Λεπρεᾶται | parataxis | medium | Resumptive repeated ethnonym introducing the μὲν clause. |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 6 Λεπρεᾶται | discourse | high | Correlative particle, paired with δέ at token 15. |
| 8 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | GPMN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 μόνοι | det | high | Article substantivizing or determining the genitive group. |
| 9 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 11 Τριφυλίας | case | high | Preposition governing τῆς Τριφυλίας. |
| 10 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | GFSg | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 Τριφυλίας | det | high | Article with Τριφυλίας. |
| 11 | Τριφυλίας | Τριφυλία | PROPN | GFSg | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 μόνοι | nmod | high | Object of ἐκ within the genitive-origin phrase. |
| 12 | μόνοι | μόνος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 Λεπρεᾶται | amod | high | Predicative adjective agreeing with Λεπρεᾶται. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 Λεπρεᾶται | punct | high | |
| 14 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 16 Αἰγαίου | case | high | Preposition governing Αἰγαίου; second origin phrase. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 21 Τήνιοι | cc | high | Second member of μέν...δέ contrast. |
| 16 | Αἰγαίου | Αἰγαῖος | PROPN | GNSg | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 Τήνιοι | nmod | medium | Genitive place-name with ἐκ; likely the Aegean. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 19 Κυκλάδων | cc | high | Coordinates the two genitive sources. |
| 18 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | GPFPl | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 Κυκλάδων | det | high | Article with Κυκλάδων. |
| 19 | Κυκλάδων | Κυκλάδες | PROPN | GFP | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 Τήνιοι | nmod | high | Second genitive source coordinated with Αἰγαίου. |
| 20 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | Polarity=Neg | 21 Τήνιοι | advmod | high | Negates μόνοι. |
| 21 | Τήνιοι | Τήνιος | PROPN | NPMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 Λεπρεᾶται | conj | medium | Nominal member of the οὐ...ἀλλά contrast, with omitted copula. |
| 22 | μόνοι | μόνος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 Τήνιοι | amod | high | Predicative adjective with Τήνιοι. |
| 23 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | _ | _ | 25 Νάξιοι | cc | high | Adversative coordinator in οὐ...ἀλλά. |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 25 Νάξιοι | cc | high | Additive coordinator introducing Νάξιοι. |
| 25 | Νάξιοι | Νάξιος | PROPN | NPMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 Τήνιοι | conj | high | Additional ethnonym in the ἀλλά phrase. |
| 26 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 27 Κύθνιοι | cc | high | Coordinates Κύθνιοι with Νάξιοι. |
| 27 | Κύθνιοι | Κύθνιος | PROPN | NPMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 Νάξιοι | conj | high | Additional coordinated ethnonym. |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 Τήνιοι | punct | high |
ἀπὸ δὲ Εὐβοίας Στυρεῖς, μετὰ δὲ τούτους Ἠλεῖοι καὶ Ποτιδαιᾶται καὶ Ἀνακτόριοι,
Elliptical catalog syntax: Στυρεῖς and the following ethnics are coordinated nominal list items, with the governing verb omitted; μετὰ τούτους means 'after these'.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R- | Case=Gen | 4 Στυρεῖς | case | high | Preposition governing Εὐβοίας. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 4 Στυρεῖς | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Εὐβοίας | Εὔβοια | PROPN | Nb-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 Στυρεῖς | obl | high | Genitive of origin with ἀπό. |
| 4 | Στυρεῖς | Στυρεύς | PROPN | Nb-p---nm- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Nominal phrase in an elliptical list; understood as a subject or item corresponding to an omitted verb. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 Στυρεῖς | punct | high | |
| 6 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | R- | Case=Acc | 8 τούτους | case | high | Preposition governing τούτους. |
| 7 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 9 Ἠλεῖοι | cc | high | Postpositive connective introducing the next list item. |
| 8 | τούτους | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 Ἠλεῖοι | obl | high | Accusative object of μετά, meaning 'after these'. |
| 9 | Ἠλεῖοι | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | Nb-p---nm- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 Στυρεῖς | conj | medium | Next coordinated item in an elliptical nominal list. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 11 Ποτιδαιᾶται | cc | high | |
| 11 | Ποτιδαιᾶται | Ποτιδαιάτης | PROPN | Nb-p---nm- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 Ἠλεῖοι | conj | high | Coordinated with Ἠλεῖοι. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 13 Ἀνακτόριοι | cc | high | |
| 13 | Ἀνακτόριοι | Ἀνακτόριος | PROPN | Nb-p---nm- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 Ἠλεῖοι | conj | high | Final coordinated item. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 Ἠλεῖοι | punct | high |
τελευταῖοι δὲ Χαλκιδεῖς οἱ ἐπὶ τῷ Εὐρίπῳ.
Elliptical nominal clause: οἱ ἐπὶ τῷ Εὐρίπῳ means 'those on/by the Euripus'; τελευταῖοι is predicative with Χαλκιδεῖς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τελευταῖοι | τελευταῖος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 Χαλκιδεῖς | amod | high | Predicate adjective agreeing with Χαλκιδεῖς in an elliptical nominal clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 Χαλκιδεῖς | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Χαλκιδεῖς | Χαλκιδεύς | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | high | Subject/topic of the elliptical clause. |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἐπὶ | det | medium | Article substantivizing the following prepositional phrase; may also be analyzed as an article with Χαλκιδεῖς understood. |
| 5 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 Εὐρίπῳ | case | high | Preposition governing the dative. |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Εὐρίπῳ | det | high | Article agreeing with Εὐρίπῳ. |
| 7 | Εὐρίπῳ | Εὔριπος | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Χαλκιδεῖς | nmod | high | Dative complement of ἐπί in the substantivized phrase οἱ ἐπὶ τῷ Εὐρίπῳ. |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 Χαλκιδεῖς | punct | high |