Grammar parses for passage 5.23.2
Open translation for this passage
καὶ Ἀργείων οἱ Μυκήνας ἔχοντες, νησιῶται δὲ Κεῖοι καὶ Μήλιοι, Ἀμβρακιῶται δὲ ἐξ ἠπείρου τῆς Θεσπρωτίδος,
The syntax is mainly a series of coordinated nominative groups with participial predication; Ἀργείων is treated as a genitive dependent on the participial clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 2 Ἀργείων | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 2 | Ἀργείων | Ἀργεῖος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἔχοντες | nsubj | medium | Genitive plural used substantivally: 'of the Argives'. |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἔχοντες | det | high | Article with participle. |
| 4 | Μυκήνας | Μυκῆναι | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 ἔχοντες | obj | high | Accusative plural object of ἔχοντες. |
| 5 | ἔχοντες | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main participial predication. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔχοντες | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 7 | νησιῶται | νησιώτης | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἔχοντες | conj | high | Coordinated noun phrase. |
| 8 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 7 νησιῶται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 9 | Κεῖοι | Κεῖος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 νησιῶται | appos | medium | Likely apposition/explanatory label to νησιῶται. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 Κεῖοι | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 11 | Μήλιοι | Μήλιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 Κεῖοι | conj | high | Coordinated with Κεῖοι. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 νησιῶται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | Ἀμβρακιῶται | Ἀμβρακιώτης | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἔχοντες | conj | high | Third coordinated nominative group. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 13 Ἀμβρακιῶται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 15 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 16 ἠπείρου | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 16 | ἠπείρου | ἤπειρος | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 Ἀμβρακιῶται | nmod | high | Object of ἐξ. |
| 17 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Θεσπρωτίδος | det | high | Article modifying Θεσπρωτίδος. |
| 18 | Θεσπρωτίδος | Θεσπρωτίς | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἠπείρου | nmod | medium | Genitive of specification/attribution modifying ἠπείρου. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔχοντες | punct | high | Punctuation. |
Τήνιοί τε καὶ Λεπρεᾶται, Λεπρεᾶται μὲν τῶν ἐκ τῆς Τριφυλίας μόνοι, ἐκ δὲ Αἰγαίου καὶ τῶν Κυκλάδων οὐ Τήνιοι μόνοι ἀλλὰ καὶ Νάξιοι καὶ Κύθνιοι,
The sentence is highly elliptical and appositive, with two contrasted nominal groupings linked by μὲν/δέ; I treated the second Λεπρεᾶται as the main root of the parenthetical contrast.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Τήνιοί | Τήνιος | PROPN | N-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 Λεπρεᾶται | nsubj | medium | Proper-name ethnicon; coordinated subject of the first clause. |
| 2 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 Τήνιοί | cc | high | Enclitic additive particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 4 Λεπρεᾶται | cc | high | Coordinates the two subject groups. |
| 4 | Λεπρεᾶται | Λεπρεᾶται | PROPN | N-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 Τήνιοί | conj | high | Coordinated nominative noun. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 Λεπρεᾶται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 6 | Λεπρεᾶται | Λεπρεᾶται | PROPN | N-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Starts the parenthetical contrast; taken as clausal/headed nominal expression. |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 6 Λεπρεᾶται | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 8 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | l-p---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 Τριφυλίας | det | high | Article with ἐκ-phrase. |
| 9 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | r-------- | _ | 11 Τριφυλίας | case | high | Preposition. |
| 10 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | l-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 Τριφυλίας | det | high | Article modifying Τριφυλίας. |
| 11 | Τριφυλίας | Τριφυλία | PROPN | N-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 μόνοι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of μόνοι with partitive sense via ἐκ. |
| 12 | μόνοι | μόνος | ADJ | a-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 Λεπρεᾶται | appos | medium | Predicate-like nominal modifier; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 μόνοι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 14 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | r-------- | _ | 16 Αἰγαίου | case | high | Preposition. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 16 Αἰγαίου | discourse | high | Contrastive particle. |
| 16 | Αἰγαίου | Αἰγαῖον | PROPN | N-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 Τήνιοι | obl | medium | Likely genitive with ἐκ; interpreted as place-name/adjectival substantive. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 18 τῶν | cc | high | Coordinates the two genitive complements. |
| 18 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | l-p---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 Κυκλάδων | det | high | Article. |
| 19 | Κυκλάδων | Κυκλάδες | PROPN | N-p---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 Αἰγαίου | conj | high | Coordinated genitive complement of ἐκ. |
| 20 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | _ | 21 Τήνιοι | advmod | high | Negation. |
| 21 | Τήνιοι | Τήνιος | PROPN | N-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 Λεπρεᾶται | nsubj | high | Subject of the second contrasted nominal clause. |
| 22 | μόνοι | μόνος | ADJ | a-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 Τήνιοι | amod | high | Attributive/adnominal modifier. |
| 23 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 21 Τήνιοι | cc | high | Adversative coordinator. |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 25 Νάξιοι | cc | high | Adds the next conjunct. |
| 25 | Νάξιοι | Νάξιος | PROPN | N-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 Τήνιοι | conj | high | Conjunct in the adversative series. |
| 26 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 27 Κύθνιοι | cc | high | Coordinates final conjunct. |
| 27 | Κύθνιοι | Κύθνιος | PROPN | N-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 Τήνιοι | conj | high | Final conjunct. |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 Τήνιοι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ἀπὸ δὲ Εὐβοίας Στυρεῖς, μετὰ δὲ τούτους Ἠλεῖοι καὶ Ποτιδαιᾶται καὶ Ἀνακτόριοι,
A heading-like geographic list: Στυρεῖς is the main anchor, with later groups coordinated; μετὰ τούτους likely marks the subsequent group rather than a full verbal clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | Prep | AdpType=Prep | 4 Στυρεῖς | case | high | Introduces source/origin phrase. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 Στυρεῖς | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Εὐβοίας | Εὔβοια | PROPN | N- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 Στυρεῖς | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἀπό. |
| 4 | Στυρεῖς | Στυρεύς | PROPN | N-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main nominative list item; likely apposition/predicate-style heading element. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 Στυρεῖς | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 6 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | Prep | AdpType=Prep | 9 Ἠλεῖοι | case | high | Introduces sequence meaning 'after/next to' in list. |
| 7 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 Ἠλεῖοι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 8 | τούτους | οὗτος | PRON | P-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 9 Ἠλεῖοι | obl | high | Object of μετὰ, referring back to preceding group. |
| 9 | Ἠλεῖοι | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | N-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 Στυρεῖς | conj | high | Coordinated list member with 4. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 11 Ποτιδαιᾶται | cc | high | Coordinates list items. |
| 11 | Ποτιδαιᾶται | Ποτιδαιάτης | PROPN | N-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 Ἠλεῖοι | conj | high | Coordination with 9. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 13 Ἀνακτόριοι | cc | high | Coordinates final list item. |
| 13 | Ἀνακτόριοι | Ἀνακτόριος | PROPN | N-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 Ἠλεῖοι | conj | high | Final coordinated list member. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 Στυρεῖς | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τελευταῖοι δὲ Χαλκιδεῖς οἱ ἐπὶ τῷ Εὐρίπῳ.
Fragmentary nominal sentence: Χαλκιδεῖς is the head, with τελευταῖοι as an adjectival modifier and the prepositional phrase οἱ ἐπὶ τῷ Εὐρίπῳ modifying the noun.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τελευταῖοι | τελευταῖος | ADJ | A-____-MPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 Χαλκιδεῖς | amod | high | Predicative/appositive adjective modifying Χαλκιδεῖς. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 3 Χαλκιδεῖς | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | Χαλκιδεῖς | Χαλκιδεύς | NOUN | N-NPM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main nominal predicate of the fragment. |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | l-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 Εὐρίπῳ | det | high | Article introducing the prepositional phrase as an attributive modifier. |
| 5 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 Εὐρίπῳ | case | high | Preposition governing the dative. |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | l-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Εὐρίπῳ | det | high | Article modifying Εὐρίπῳ. |
| 7 | Εὐρίπῳ | Εὔριπος | PROPN | N-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Χαλκιδεῖς | nmod | high | Noun in prepositional phrase modifying Χαλκιδεῖς. |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 Χαλκιδεῖς | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |