Grammar parses for passage 5.23.6
Open translation for this passage
πρὸς δὲ τῷ ἅρματι τῷ Γέλωνος Ζεὺς ἕστηκεν ἀρχαῖος ἔχων σκῆπτρον, Ὑβλαίων δέ φασιν εἶναι ἀνάθημα·
The sentence contains a main clause with a participial modifier and a second reported-speech clause; the infinitival construction with ἀνάθημα is mildly ambiguous in attachment.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | Case=Acc | 4 ἅρματι | case | high | Preposition governing τῷ ἅρματι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 8 ἕστηκεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 ἅρματι | det | high | Article modifying ἅρματι. |
| 4 | ἅρματι | ἅρμα | NOUN | N-S---ND- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἕστηκεν | obl | high | Dative object of πρός. |
| 5 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Γέλωνος | det | high | Article modifying Γέλωνος. |
| 6 | Γέλωνος | Γέλων | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἅρματι | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἅρματι. |
| 7 | Ζεὺς | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἕστηκεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἕστηκεν. |
| 8 | ἕστηκεν | ἵστημι | VERB | V-3SRAI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb heading the first clause. |
| 9 | ἀρχαῖος | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ζεὺς | amod | high | Attributive/predicative modifier of Ζεὺς. |
| 10 | ἔχων | ἔχω | VERB | PAP-SMN-- | Aspect=Imp|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 Ζεὺς | acl | high | Participial modifier of Ζεὺς. |
| 11 | σκῆπτρον | σκῆπτρον | NOUN | N-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἔχων | obj | high | Object of ἔχων. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἕστηκεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | Ὑβλαίων | Ὑβλαῖος | ADJ | A-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ἀνάθημα | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἀνάθημα. |
| 14 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 15 φασιν | cc | high | Connective in the second clause. |
| 15 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-3PPIA-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 8 ἕστηκεν | parataxis | high | Reported-speech verb attached paratactically to ἕστηκεν. |
| 16 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 15 φασιν | xcomp | high | Complement of φασιν. |
| 17 | ἀνάθημα | ἀνάθημα | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 εἶναι | xcomp | medium | Predicate nominative in the infinitival clause; analysis is somewhat uncertain. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 φασιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
αἱ δὲ ἦσαν ἐν Σικελίᾳ πόλεις αἱ Ὕβλαι, ἡ μὲν Γερεᾶτις ἐπίκλησιν, τὴν δὲ---ὥσπερ γε καὶ ἦν ---ἐκάλουν Μείζονα.
The sentence has a main clause with apposition (Ὕβλαι) and a parenthetical naming clause (ἐκάλουν Μείζονα) whose internal syntax is partly elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | Pp-p---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 πόλεις | det | high | Articular subject with πόλεις. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 3 ἦσαν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | VERB | V-ia-3p--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main copular verb. |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 Σικελίᾳ | case | high | Preposition with dative. |
| 5 | Σικελίᾳ | Σικελία | PROPN | N-p---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἦσαν | obl | high | Object of ἐν. |
| 6 | πόλεις | πόλις | NOUN | N-p---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 3 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | Predicate/topic head of the clause. |
| 7 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | Pp-p---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 Ὕβλαι | det | high | Article with Ὕβλαι. |
| 8 | Ὕβλαι | Ὕβλα | PROPN | N-p---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 πόλεις | appos | high | Appositive identification of the cities. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 Ὕβλαι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | Pp-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 Γερεᾶτις | det | high | Article with Γερεᾶτις. |
| 11 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 12 Γερεᾶτις | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 12 | Γερεᾶτις | Γερεᾶτις | ADJ | A-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 ἐκάλουν | nsubj | medium | Probably predicative/appositional adjective used substantively: 'the Geraeatis'. |
| 13 | ἐπίκλησιν | ἐπίκλησις | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 ἐκάλουν | obj | high | Accusative of respect with the adjective/name. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 Γερεᾶτις | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 15 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Pp-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 28 Μείζονα | det | high | Article with implied πόλιν/πόλιν. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 27 ἐκάλουν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ἐκάλουν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ἐκάλουν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ἐκάλουν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 20 | ὥσπερ | ὥσπερ | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 27 ἐκάλουν | mark | high | Comparative/subordinating marker. |
| 21 | γε | γε | PART | G-------- | _ | 23 ἦν | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 ἦν | advmod | high | Correlative intensifier with ἦν. |
| 23 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-ia-3s--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 27 ἐκάλουν | advcl | medium | Aux/copular verb within parenthetical clause. |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ἐκάλουν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 25 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ἐκάλουν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 26 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ἐκάλουν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 27 | ἐκάλουν | καλέω | VERB | V-ia-3p--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 3 ἦσαν | parataxis | high | Main verb of the parenthetical naming clause. |
| 28 | Μείζονα | μείζων | ADJ | A-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 ἐκάλουν | obj | high | Accusative predicate/object of naming 'the Greater'. |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἦσαν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
παρὰ τούτων δὲ κομισθῆναι τὸ ἄγαλμα ἐς Ὀλυμπίαν ἡγοῦμαι·
Infinitival clause with an explicit accusative object; παρὰ τούτων marks source/origin, while ἐς Ὀλυμπίαν is a directional oblique with the infinitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | _ | _ | 2 τούτων | case | high | Governed by τούτων. |
| 2 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | Pd | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 κομισθῆναι | obl | high | Genitive of source/origin with παρὰ. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 9 ἡγοῦμαι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 4 | κομισθῆναι | κομίζω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 9 ἡγοῦμαι | ccomp | high | Complement infinitive of ἡγοῦμαι. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | lms | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ἄγαλμα | det | high | Article modifying ἄγαλμα. |
| 6 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-SN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 κομισθῆναι | obj | high | Object of the passive infinitive. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 8 Ὀλυμπίαν | case | high | Directional preposition. |
| 8 | Ὀλυμπίαν | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | N-SF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 κομισθῆναι | obl | high | Goal/location with ἐς. |
| 9 | ἡγοῦμαι | ἡγέομαι | VERB | V-PMI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἡγοῦμαι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τεράτων γὰρ σφᾶς καὶ ἐνυπνίων Φίλιστος ὁ Ἀρχομενίδου φησὶν ἐξηγητὰς εἶναι καὶ μάλιστα εὐσεβείᾳ τῶν ἐν Σικελίᾳ βαρβάρων προσκεῖσθαι.
The syntax is a quoted indirect statement after φησίν, with two coordinated infinitives: εἶναι and προσκεῖσθαι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τεράτων | τέρας | NOUN | n-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἐξηγητὰς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἐξηγητάς. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | part | _ | 9 φησὶν | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | p-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 10 ἐξηγητὰς | obj | high | Accusative object of ἐξηγητάς / infinitival construction. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | cc | _ | 5 ἐνυπνίων | cc | high | Connects ἐνυπνίων to τεράτων. |
| 5 | ἐνυπνίων | ἐνύπνιον | NOUN | n-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 τεράτων | conj | high | Conjoined genitive with τεράτων. |
| 6 | Φίλιστος | Φίλιστος | PROPN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 φησὶν | nsubj | high | Subject of φησίν. |
| 7 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Φίλιστος | det | high | Article with Φίλιστος. |
| 8 | Ἀρχομενίδου | Ἀρχομενίδης | PROPN | n-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Φίλιστος | nmod | high | Genitive patronymic modifying Φίλιστος. |
| 9 | φησὶν | φημί | VERB | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 10 | ἐξηγητὰς | ἐξηγητής | NOUN | n-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative with εἶναι. |
| 11 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | v--p---na- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 9 φησὶν | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of φησίν. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | cc | _ | 19 προσκεῖσθαι | cc | high | Connects coordinated infinitival clause. |
| 13 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | d | _ | 19 προσκεῖσθαι | advmod | high | Modifies προσκεῖσθαι. |
| 14 | εὐσεβείᾳ | εὐσέβεια | NOUN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 προσκεῖσθαι | obl | high | Dative complement of προσκεῖσθαι. |
| 15 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | l-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 18 βαρβάρων | det | high | Article with βαρβάρων. |
| 16 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | r | _ | 17 Σικελίᾳ | case | high | Preposition governing Σικελίᾳ. |
| 17 | Σικελίᾳ | Σικελία | PROPN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 βαρβάρων | nmod | high | Governed by ἐν. |
| 18 | βαρβάρων | βάρβαρος | NOUN | a-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 εὐσεβείᾳ | nmod | high | Genitive modifier within the dative phrase. |
| 19 | προσκεῖσθαι | πρόσκειμαι | VERB | v--p---na- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 9 φησὶν | conj | high | Coordinated infinitive with εἶναι under φησίν. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 φησὶν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |