Grammar parses for passage 5.23.7
Open translation for this passage
τοῦτον ὀκτὼ μάλιστα εἶναι ποδῶν καὶ δέκα εἰκάζομεν.
The construction is an accusative-and-infinitive after εἰκάζομεν, with the measure phrase ποδῶν attached to the infinitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | PRON | Pd--AMS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Dem | 8 εἰκάζομεν | obj | high | Demonstrative pronoun, masculine accusative singular. |
| 2 | ὀκτὼ | ὀκτώ | NUM | Ni- | NumType=Card | 5 ποδῶν | nummod | high | Cardinal numeral. |
| 3 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | Db | _ | 2 ὀκτὼ | advmod | high | Modifies the numeral with approximative force. |
| 4 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAAN | Aspect=Imp|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 εἰκάζομεν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive dependent on the verb of supposing. |
| 5 | ποδῶν | πούς | NOUN | Nb-PGMP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 εἶναι | obl | medium | Genitive of measure with the infinitive; syntax slightly uncertain. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Cc | _ | 2 ὀκτὼ | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction linking numerals/quantities. |
| 7 | δέκα | δέκα | NUM | Ni- | NumType=Card | 2 ὀκτὼ | conj | high | Cardinal numeral coordinated with ὀκτώ. |
| 8 | εἰκάζομεν | εἰκάζω | VERB | V-PAI-1P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb, first person plural. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 εἰκάζομεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
οἵτινες δὲ αὐτὸν ἔδοσαν τῷ θεῷ καὶ ὧντινών ἐστιν ἔργον, ἐλεγεῖον γεγραμμένον σημαίνει·
The sentence contains a coordination of two finite predicates (ἔδοσαν ... καὶ ... σημαίνει), with a relative clause nested before the second predicate.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἵτινες | ὅστις | PRON | Px-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 4 ἔδοσαν | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun, masculine plural nominative. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 4 ἔδοσαν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | Px-SMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 4 ἔδοσαν | obj | high | Direct object of ἔδοσαν. |
| 4 | ἔδοσαν | δίδωμι | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 5 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 θεῷ | det | high | Article modifying θεῷ. |
| 6 | θεῷ | θεός | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἔδοσαν | iobj | high | Dative recipient. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 14 σημαίνει | cc | high | Coordinates the clause with the previous one. |
| 8 | ὧντινών | ὅστις | PRON | Px-GPN | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 10 ἔργον | nmod | medium | Relative pronoun; gender is contextually vague/indefinite in form. |
| 9 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 ἔργον | cop | high | Copula with ἔργον as predicate noun. |
| 10 | ἔργον | ἔργον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 σημαίνει | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστιν. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 σημαίνει | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 12 | ἐλεγεῖον | ἐλεγεῖον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 σημαίνει | obj | high | Object of σημαίνει. |
| 13 | γεγραμμένον | γράφω | VERB | V-PRP-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 12 ἐλεγεῖον | amod | high | Participial modifier of ἐλεγεῖον. |
| 14 | σημαίνει | σημαίνω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second main predicate; coordinate with the first clause. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 σημαίνει | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Κλειτόριοι τόδʼ ἄγαλμα θεῷ δεκάταν ἀνέθηκαν, πολλᾶν ἐκ πολίων χερσὶ βιασσάμενοι.
Main clause with participial circumstance; the finite verb ἀνέθηκαν is the root, and βιασσάμενοι forms a participial modifier with an embedded prepositional phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Κλειτόριοι | Κλειτόριοι | PROPN | N--MP-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἀνέθηκαν | nsubj | high | Nominative subject. |
| 2 | τόδʼ | ὅδε | PRON | Pd--NS-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Dem | 3 ἄγαλμα | det | high | Enclitic/apocopated demonstrative modifying ἄγαλμα. |
| 3 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N--NS-N- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἀνέθηκαν | obj | high | Direct object of ἀνέθηκαν. |
| 4 | θεῷ | θεός | NOUN | N--DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἀνέθηκαν | iobj | medium | Dative of recipient/beneficiary. |
| 5 | δεκάταν | δεκάτη | NOUN | N--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἀνέθηκαν | obj | low | Probably adverbial accusative 'as a tithe/for the tenth part'; form and syntax somewhat uncertain. |
| 6 | ἀνέθηκαν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb of the clause. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἀνέθηκαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 8 | πολλᾶν | πολύς | ADJ | A--GPF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 πολίων | amod | high | Attributive genitive modifying πολίων. |
| 9 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-- | _ | 10 πολίων | case | high | Preposition governing πολίων. |
| 10 | πολίων | πόλις | NOUN | N--GPF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 βιασσάμενοι | obl | medium | Dependent of participle, within prepositional phrase. |
| 11 | χερσὶ | χείρ | NOUN | N-DPF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 βιασσάμενοι | obl | medium | Dative of means/instrument with participle. |
| 12 | βιασσάμενοι | βιάζω | VERB | V-AMP-3P | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 6 ἀνέθηκαν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying the main verb. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἀνέθηκαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
† καιμετρειτ Ἀρίστων ἠδὲ Τελέστας αὐτοκασίγνητοι καλὰ Λάκωνες ἔθεν.
The sentence appears corrupt/metrical, with an uncertain root at token 2; token 9 is likely the main finite verb, and the personal names may form a coordinated subject or apposition.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | † | † | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 καιμετρειτ | punct | high | crux/editorial mark |
| 2 | καιμετρειτ | καιμετρέω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | low | text is corrupt/uncertain; parsed as finite verb |
| 3 | Ἀρίστων | Ἀρίστων | PROPN | n-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 Λάκωνες | nsubj | high | subject of ἔθεν |
| 4 | ἠδὲ | ἠδέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 5 Τελέστας | cc | high | coordinating conjunction |
| 5 | Τελέστας | Τελέστας | PROPN | n-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 Ἀρίστων | conj | high | conjunct with Ἀρίστων |
| 6 | αὐτοκασίγνητοι | αὐτοκασίγνητος | ADJ | a-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 Λάκωνες | amod | medium | likely predicative/appositional modifier; agreement is plural |
| 7 | καλὰ | καλός | ADJ | a-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 Λάκωνες | amod | low | form is ambiguous; treated as adjectival modifier |
| 8 | Λάκωνες | Λάκων | NOUN | n-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 2 καιμετρειτ | nsubj | medium | possible predicate nominative/apposition with the preceding names; attached as subject to the main verb |
| 9 | ἔθεν | τίθημι | VERB | v-2aai-3p | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 2 καιμετρειτ | conj | low | likely the finite verb of the main clause; relation to token 2 uncertain due corruption |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔθεν | punct | high | sentence-final punctuation |
τούτους οὐκ ἐς ἅπαν τὸ Ἑλληνικὸν ἐπιφανεῖς νομίζω γενέσθαι·
The construction is νομίζω + accusative subject + predicative adjective + infinitive; ἐς ἅπαν τὸ Ἑλληνικόν is best treated as a prepositional phrase within the complement phrase, though the exact attachment is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτους | οὗτος | PRON | Pd----ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 8 νομίζω | obj | high | Direct object of νομίζω. |
| 2 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D--- | Polarity=Neg | 8 νομίζω | advmod | high | Negates the clause. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 8 νομίζω | obl | medium | Introduces prepositional phrase modifying the adjective/noun phrase. |
| 4 | ἅπαν | ἅπας | ADJ | A- --na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 Ἑλληνικὸν | amod | medium | Likely agrees with τὸ Ἑλληνικὸν as part of the phrase ἐς ἅπαν. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L- --na- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Ἑλληνικὸν | det | high | Article modifying Ἑλληνικὸν. |
| 6 | Ἑλληνικὸν | Ἑλληνικός | ADJ | A- --na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἐς | obl | high | Substantive adjective, object of ἐς. |
| 7 | ἐπιφανεῖς | ἐπιφανής | ADJ | A- --pa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 νομίζω | xcomp | high | Predicative complement of νομίζω with implicit subject 'τούτους'. |
| 8 | νομίζω | νομίζω | VERB | V-1spia- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 9 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--anm-- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 8 νομίζω | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive dependent on νομίζω. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 νομίζω | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
εἶχον γὰρ ἄν τι καὶ Ἠλεῖοι περὶ αὐτῶν λέγειν, καὶ πλέονα ἔτι Λακεδαιμόνιοι πολιτῶν γε ὄντων.
The syntax is somewhat elliptical: the first clause has εἶχον + infinitive, and the second coordinated part seems to omit an explicit finite verb, with ὄντων forming a genitive absolute-like or participial adjunct.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἶχον | ἔχω | VERB | V3IAI--P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 εἶχον | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | ἄν | ἄν | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 εἶχον | advmod | high | Modal particle with the main verb. |
| 4 | τι | τίς | PRON | P??-NS--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 1 εἶχον | obj | medium | Likely indefinite pronoun modifying the verbal idea 'say something'. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 Ἠλεῖοι | cc | high | Connects Ἠλεῖοι with the following coordinated clause/phrase. |
| 6 | Ἠλεῖοι | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | A-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 εἶχον | nsubj | high | Subject of εἶχον. |
| 7 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 λέγειν | mark | high | Introduces the infinitival phrase 'about them to speak'. |
| 8 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | Pp3G--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 7 περὶ | obj | medium | Object of περί. |
| 9 | λέγειν | λέγω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 εἶχον | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive dependent on εἶχον. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 εἶχον | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 εἶχον | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction introducing the second coordinated predicate. |
| 12 | πλέονα | πλείων | ADJ | A---NA--- | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 λέγειν | obj | medium | Comparative used substantivally or adverbially with λέγειν implied; syntax somewhat uncertain. |
| 13 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 12 πλέονα | advmod | high | Modifies πλέονα. |
| 14 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 πλέονα | nsubj | medium | Likely subject of an understood/copular or participial relation in the second clause; analysis uncertain. |
| 15 | πολιτῶν | πολίτης | NOUN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ὄντων | nsubj | medium | Genitive subject of the participle ὄντων. |
| 16 | γε | γε | PART | G-------- | _ | 15 πολιτῶν | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 17 | ὄντων | εἰμί | VERB | VPPP----G | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 πλέονα | advcl | medium | Genitive participial clause modifying πλέονα; exact attachment uncertain. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 εἶχον | punct | high | Punctuation. |