Grammar parses for passage 5.23.7
Open translation for this passage
πλησίον δὲ τοῦ Ὑβλαίων ἀναθήματος βάθρον τε πεποίηται χαλκοῦν καὶ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ Ζεύς·
The sentence has a passive perfect verb πεποίηται with βάθρον as its subject; χαλκοῦν predicates its material/description, while Ζεύς is an elliptical second subject or appositional assertion after καί, with ἐπʼ αὐτῷ locating Zeus on the base. The form Ὑβλαίων is treated as a genitive plural ethnic adjective modifying ἀναθήματος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πλησίον | πλησίον | ADV | D19 | _ | 5 ἀναθήματος | advmod | high | Adverb meaning ‘near’; governs the following genitive phrase in usage. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 πεποίηται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S----GMN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἀναθήματος | det | high | Article agreeing with ἀναθήματος. |
| 4 | Ὑβλαίων | Ὑβλαῖος | ADJ | A----GPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἀναθήματος | amod | medium | Ethnic adjective; interpreted as genitive plural neuter modifying ἀνάθημα. |
| 5 | ἀναθήματος | ἀνάθημα | NOUN | N----GNS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 βάθρον | nmod | high | Genitive complement of πλησίον. |
| 6 | βάθρον | βάθρον | NOUN | N----NNS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 πεποίηται | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of the passive πεποίηται. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 πεποίηται | cc | high | Coordinates the first clause with the following καί-clause. |
| 8 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | V3SRAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect passive indicative, ‘has been made/constructed’. |
| 9 | χαλκοῦν | χαλκοῦς | ADJ | A----NNS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 βάθρον | xcomp | high | Predicative adjective describing the bronze base. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 Ζεύς | cc | high | Coordinates the assertion concerning Zeus. |
| 11 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 αὐτῷ | case | high | Elided preposition ἐπί. |
| 12 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 Ζεύς | obl | high | Dative object of ἐπί, referring to βάθρον. |
| 13 | Ζεύς | Ζεύς | PROPN | N---NMS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 πεποίηται | conj | medium | Coordinated nominal assertion, with an elliptical verb: ‘and Zeus [is] upon it’. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 πεποίηται | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
τοῦτον ὀκτὼ μάλιστα εἶναι ποδῶν καὶ δέκα εἰκάζομεν.
The accusative τοῦτον is the subject of the complementary infinitive εἶναι; ποδῶν is a genitive of measure quantified by the coordinated numerals ὀκτὼ καὶ δέκα, while μάλιστα qualifies the approximate measurement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | PRON | D-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 εἶναι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive, linked to εἶναι. |
| 2 | ὀκτὼ | ὀκτώ | NUM | M- | NumType=Card | 5 ποδῶν | nummod | high | First numeral modifying ποδῶν. |
| 3 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D | Degree=Sup | 2 ὀκτὼ | advmod | medium | Restrictive/approximative adverb, modifying the measurement expression. |
| 4 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 εἰκάζομεν | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by εἰκάζομεν, with τοῦτον as accusative subject. |
| 5 | ποδῶν | πούς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 εἶναι | obl | medium | Genitive measure/complement of εἶναι; ὀκτὼ and δέκα quantify it. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 7 δέκα | cc | high | Coordinates the two numerals. |
| 7 | δέκα | δέκα | NUM | M- | NumType=Card | 5 ποδῶν | conj | high | Second coordinated numeral modifying ποδῶν. |
| 8 | εἰκάζομεν | εἰκάζω | VERB | V-PAI-1P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite matrix verb: ‘we estimate/guess’. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 εἰκάζομεν | punct | high |
οἵτινες δὲ αὐτὸν ἔδοσαν τῷ θεῷ καὶ ὧντινών ἐστιν ἔργον, ἐλεγεῖον γεγραμμένον σημαίνει·
Relative clause οἵτινες ... ἔδοσαν is the subject of σημαίνει; αὐτόν is the accusative object of ἔδοσαν, while τῷ θεῷ is dative recipient. The following ὧντινών ἐστιν ἔργον is a genitive relative construction, probably referring to the agents whose work it is; γεγραμμένον agrees with ἐλεγεῖον and functions predicatively with σημαίνει.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἵτινες | ὅστις | PRON | P---NM-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 4 ἔδοσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 ἔδοσαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-S---AM-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 4 ἔδοσαν | obj | high | |
| 4 | ἔδοσαν | δίδωμι | VERB | V-AAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 14 σημαίνει | csubj | medium | Aorist active; the relative clause is the semantic subject of σημαίνει. |
| 5 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-SDMS-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 θεῷ | det | high | |
| 6 | θεῷ | θεός | NOUN | N-SDMS-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἔδοσαν | iobj | high | |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 ἐστιν | cc | medium | Coordinates the second relative/genitive construction with the preceding clause. |
| 8 | ὧντινών | ὅστις | PRON | P-GP--G-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 10 ἔργον | nmod:poss | low | Form is an emphatic/variant genitive plural relative; exact antecedent and syntactic attachment are uncertain. |
| 9 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 ἔργον | cop | high | |
| 10 | ἔργον | ἔργον | NOUN | N-SNN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἔδοσαν | conj | low | Predicative nominal construction ὧντινών ἐστιν ἔργον; attachment to the preceding coordination is syntactically difficult. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἔργον | punct | high | |
| 12 | ἐλεγεῖον | ἐλεγεῖον | NOUN | N-SNN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 σημαίνει | obj | medium | Neuter nominative/accusative form; treated as the thing signified, with ambiguous case. |
| 13 | γεγραμμένον | γράφω | VERB | V-RPP-SNN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 12 ἐλεγεῖον | acl | high | Perfect passive participle agreeing with ἐλεγεῖον. |
| 14 | σημαίνει | σημαίνω | VERB | V-PAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 σημαίνει | punct | high |
Κλειτόριοι τόδʼ ἄγαλμα θεῷ δεκάταν ἀνέθηκαν, πολλᾶν ἐκ πολίων χερσὶ βιασσάμενοι.
Κλειτόριοι is the nominative subject; τόδʼ ἄγαλμα is the accusative direct object, with θεῷ as dative recipient and δεκάταν as an appositional/predicative accusative ‘a tenth-offering’. βιασσάμενοι is a circumstantial aorist middle participle agreeing with the subject; πολλᾶν modifies the understood plural object of ἐκπορθησάμενοι/‘having violently taken much’, with χερσὶ instrumental.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Κλειτόριοι | Κλειτόριος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἀνέθηκαν | nsubj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally as the subject. |
| 2 | τόδʼ | ὅδε | DET | D-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 ἄγαλμα | det | high | Elided τόδε; demonstrative determiner. |
| 3 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἀνέθηκαν | obj | high | Direct object of ἀνέθηκαν. |
| 4 | θεῷ | θεός | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἀνέθηκαν | iobj | high | Dative recipient/dedication. |
| 5 | δεκάταν | δεκάτη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἄγαλμα | appos | medium | Feminine δεκάταν is an appositional accusative, with ἄγαλμα understood as a tenth-offering; exact construction is elliptical. |
| 6 | ἀνέθηκαν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 βιασσάμενοι | punct | high | |
| 8 | πολλᾶν | πολύς | ADJ | A-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 βιασσάμενοι | obj | medium | Accusative plural feminine; object is semantically understood with the participle, though the construction is compressed. |
| 9 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | P | _ | 10 πολίων | case | high | Preposition governing πολίων. |
| 10 | πολίων | πόλις | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 βιασσάμενοι | obl | high | Genitive of source/separation with ἐκ. |
| 11 | χερσὶ | χείρ | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 βιασσάμενοι | obl | medium | Instrumental dative, ‘with/by force of hands’. |
| 12 | βιασσάμενοι | βιάζω | VERB | V-AMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 6 ἀνέθηκαν | advcl | medium | Circumstantial aorist middle participle agreeing with Κλειτόριοι; the object/complement is elliptical or semantically compressed. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἀνέθηκαν | punct | high |
† καιμετρειτ Ἀρίστων ἠδὲ Τελέστας αὐτοκασίγνητοι καλὰ Λάκωνες ἔθεν.
The text is evidently corrupt (obelized); the analysis is provisional, especially for καιμετρειτ, the names, and the relation of καλὰ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | † | † | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 καιμετρειτ | punct | high | Obelus marking a corrupt or doubtful reading. |
| 2 | καιμετρειτ | καιμετρέω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 ἔθεν | conj | low | Corrupt/unattested form; provisionally analyzed as a finite present verb, likely coordinated with ἔθεν. |
| 3 | Ἀρίστων | Ἀρίστων | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Τελέστας | nmod | low | Proper name; form may be corrupt and its syntactic relation is uncertain. |
| 4 | ἠδὲ | ἠδέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 Τελέστας | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 5 | Τελέστας | Τελέστας | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἔθεν | obj | medium | Proper name in the accusative, provisionally taken as object of ἔθεν. |
| 6 | αὐτοκασίγνητοι | αὐτοκασίγνητος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 Λάκωνες | amod | medium | Substantivized/adjectival plural nominative; likely characterizes Λάκωνες. |
| 7 | καλὰ | καλός | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἔθεν | obj | low | Form is ambiguous; provisionally treated as a neuter plural substantive object of ἔθεν, though the syntax may be corrupt. |
| 8 | Λάκωνες | Λάκων | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἔθεν | nsubj | medium | Nominative plural subject of ἔθεν. |
| 9 | ἔθεν | τίθημι | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | low | Form is ambiguous/corrupt; provisionally parsed as third-person plural aorist active of τίθημι. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔθεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
τούτους οὐκ ἐς ἅπαν τὸ Ἑλληνικὸν ἐπιφανεῖς νομίζω γενέσθαι·
The sentence uses an accusative-and-infinitive complement: νομίζω [τούτους ... ἐπιφανεῖς γενέσθαι], with ἐς ἅπαν τὸ Ἑλληνικόν expressing the scope within which they were not notable.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτους | οὗτος | PRON | PD-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 9 γενέσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive γενέσθαι in an accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 2 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D | Polarity=Neg | 8 νομίζω | advmod | high | Negative particle governing the matrix verb. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 6 Ἑλληνικὸν | case | high | Preposition governing τὸ Ἑλληνικόν. |
| 4 | ἅπαν | ἅπας | ADJ | A-SNN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Tot | 6 Ἑλληνικὸν | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of τὸ Ἑλληνικόν. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA-SNN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Ἑλληνικὸν | det | high | Article with substantivized Ἑλληνικόν. |
| 6 | Ἑλληνικὸν | Ἑλληνικός | ADJ | A-SNN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐπιφανεῖς | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, object of ἐς and scope of ἐπιφανεῖς. |
| 7 | ἐπιφανεῖς | ἐπιφανής | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 γενέσθαι | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with accusative subject τούτους and infinitive γενέσθαι. |
| 8 | νομίζω | νομίζω | VERB | V-PAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Matrix verb ‘I think/consider’. |
| 9 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 8 νομίζω | ccomp | high | Aorist middle infinitive, complement of νομίζω; τούτους is its accusative subject. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 νομίζω | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
εἶχον γὰρ ἄν τι καὶ Ἠλεῖοι περὶ αὐτῶν λέγειν, καὶ πλέονα ἔτι Λακεδαιμόνιοι πολιτῶν γε ὄντων.
The second καί-clause is elliptical, with λέγειν and its complement understood; πλέονα is a substantival comparative, while πολιτῶν ὄντων is syntactically compressed and somewhat ambiguous.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἶχον | ἔχω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | CONJ | _ | 1 εἶχον | discourse | high | Explanatory postpositive particle. |
| 3 | ἄν | ἄν | PART | PART | _ | 9 λέγειν | aux | medium | Modal particle with the infinitival construction. |
| 4 | τι | τις | PRON | P-NAI-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 λέγειν | obj | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 Ἠλεῖοι | cc | high | |
| 6 | Ἠλεῖοι | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 εἶχον | nsubj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 7 | περὶ | περί | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 αὐτῶν | case | high | |
| 8 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 λέγειν | obl | high | |
| 9 | λέγειν | λέγω | VERB | V-PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Active | 1 εἶχον | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by εἶχον, with τι as its object. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 εἶχον | punct | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 εἶχον | cc | high | Coordinates the second elliptical clause. |
| 12 | πλέονα | πολύς | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 λέγειν | obj | medium | Comparative neuter plural accusative, functioning substantivally; scope is elliptical with λέγειν understood. |
| 13 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | ADV | _ | 12 πλέονα | advmod | high | |
| 14 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 εἶχον | conj | high | Coordinated subject in the elliptical second clause. |
| 15 | πολιτῶν | πολίτης | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ὄντων | obl | medium | Genitive with ὄντων, likely predicative/partitive in the elliptical comparison. |
| 16 | γε | γε | PART | PART | _ | 17 ὄντων | advmod | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 17 | ὄντων | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Active | 14 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | acl | medium | Genitive participle, likely forming a genitive absolute or loose genitive construction; exact attachment is uncertain. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 εἶχον | punct | high |