Grammar parses for passage 5.24.4
Open translation for this passage
Ῥωμαίων δὲ οὔτε ἄνδρα ἰδιώτην οὔτε ὁπόσοι τῆς βουλῆς οὐδένα Μομμίου πρότερον ἀνάθημα ἴσμεν ἐς ἱερὸν ἀναθέντα Ἑλληνικόν.
Elliptical comparative/existential construction: οὔτε ... οὔτε ... ἴσμεν means ‘we know neither ... nor ...’; ὁπόσοι τῆς βουλῆς is a substantivized relative phrase, with οὐδένα ... ἀνάθημα as the object of ἴσμεν and ἀναθέντα agreeing with ἄνδρα. The second οὔτε coordinates the first object phrase, while its internal syntax is somewhat compressed; attachment of Ῥωμαίων and Μομμίου is interpreted conservatively.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | A- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἄνδρα | nmod | medium | Genitive plural ethnic designation, dependent on ἄνδρα; could be construed more broadly with the following coordinated phrase. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἴσμεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ἄνδρα | cc | high | First member of οὔτε ... οὔτε coordination. |
| 4 | ἄνδρα | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἴσμεν | obj | high | First coordinated object of ἴσμεν. |
| 5 | ἰδιώτην | ἰδιώτης | NOUN | N-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἄνδρα | amod | high | Appositional/specifying accusative: ‘a private individual’. |
| 6 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 οὐδένα | cc | high | Second member of οὔτε ... οὔτε coordination. |
| 7 | ὁπόσοι | ὁπόσος | PRON | P- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 οὐδένα | nmod | medium | Substantivized relative/quantifying pronoun, ‘however many’; syntactically compressed. |
| 8 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RAFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 βουλῆς | det | high | |
| 9 | βουλῆς | βουλή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ὁπόσοι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on substantivized ὁπόσοι: members of the council. |
| 10 | οὐδένα | οὐδείς | PRON | P-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἴσμεν | obj | medium | Accusative object of ἴσμεν; its relation to the preceding ὁπόσοι phrase is elliptical/compressed. |
| 11 | Μομμίου | Μόμμιος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἀνάθημα | nmod | medium | Genitive of association/attribution with ἀνάθημα: ‘Mummius’ dedication’. |
| 12 | πρότερον | πρότερος | ADV | A-AMS | Degree=Pos | 17 ἀναθέντα | advmod | medium | Adverbial temporal ‘previously’; formally neuter accusative used adverbially. |
| 13 | ἀνάθημα | ἀνάθημα | NOUN | N-ANS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἀναθέντα | obj | medium | Accusative object within the participial phrase; coordinated/elliptically related to οὐδένα. |
| 14 | ἴσμεν | οἶδα | VERB | V-PAI-1P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect-form verb with present meaning, ‘we know’. |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 16 ἱερὸν | case | high | |
| 16 | ἱερὸν | ἱερός | ADJ | A-ANS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἀναθέντα | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘a sanctuary’; object of ἐς. |
| 17 | ἀναθέντα | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-2AAP-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 ἄνδρα | acl | high | Aorist active participle agreeing with ἄνδρα: ‘who dedicated’; ἀνάθημα is its object. |
| 18 | Ἑλληνικόν | Ἑλληνικός | ADJ | A-ANS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἀνάθημα | amod | high | ‘Greek’, modifying ἀνάθημα. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 14 ἴσμεν | punct | high |
Μόμμιος δὲ ἀπὸ λαφύρων ἀνέθηκε τῶν ἐξ Ἀχαΐας Δία ἐς Ὀλυμπίαν χαλκοῦν· οὗτος ἕστηκεν ἐν ἀριστερᾷ τοῦ Λακεδαιμονίων ἀναθήματος, παρὰ τὸν πρῶτον ταύτῃ τοῦ ναοῦ κίονα.
Two coordinated clauses: Μόμμιος is subject of ἀνέθηκε, while οὗτος is subject of ἕστηκεν. The participial/genitival phrase τῶν ἐξ Ἀχαΐας modifies λαφύρων; ταύτῃ is an adverb modifying the spatial phrase παρὰ τὸν ... κίονα. The exact attachment of χαλκοῦν is interpreted as predicative/object-oriented adjective modifying Δία.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μόμμιος | Μόμμιος | PROPN | Ne-s--mn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀνέθηκε | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 5 ἀνέθηκε | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | r-------- | _ | 4 λαφύρων | case | high | |
| 4 | λαφύρων | λάφυρον | NOUN | N-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἀνέθηκε | obl | high | Source/material with ἀπό. |
| 5 | ἀνέθηκε | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V3saia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 λαφύρων | det | high | |
| 7 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | r-------- | _ | 8 Ἀχαΐας | case | high | |
| 8 | Ἀχαΐας | Ἀχαΐα | PROPN | Ne-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 λαφύρων | nmod | high | Genitive after ἐξ. |
| 9 | Δία | Ζεύς | PROPN | Ne-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀνέθηκε | obj | high | Accusative object of ἀνέθηκε. |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | r-------- | _ | 11 Ὀλυμπίαν | case | high | |
| 11 | Ὀλυμπίαν | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | Ne-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἀνέθηκε | obl | high | Destination. |
| 12 | χαλκοῦν | χάλκεος | ADJ | A-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Δία | amod | medium | Accusative adjective agreeing with Δία; possibly analyzed as predicative/object-oriented. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἀνέθηκε | punct | high | |
| 14 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἕστηκεν | nsubj | high | Refers to the statue/Dia. |
| 15 | ἕστηκεν | ἵστημι | VERB | V3srie--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 5 ἀνέθηκε | parataxis | high | Intransitive perfect with stative meaning. |
| 16 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | r-------- | _ | 17 ἀριστερᾷ | case | high | |
| 17 | ἀριστερᾷ | ἀριστερός | ADJ | A-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἕστηκεν | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, 'on the left'. |
| 18 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 Λακεδαιμονίων | det | high | |
| 19 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | NOUN | N-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ἀναθήματος | nmod | high | Possessive genitive. |
| 20 | ἀναθήματος | ἀνάθημα | NOUN | N-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἀριστερᾷ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀριστερᾷ, 'left side of the dedication'. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἕστηκεν | punct | high | |
| 22 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | r-------- | _ | 23 τὸν | case | high | With accusative, 'beside'. |
| 23 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 πρῶτον | det | high | |
| 24 | πρῶτον | πρῶτος | ADJ | A-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 κίονα | amod | high | Superlative ordinal adjective modifying κίονα. |
| 25 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | ADV | Pd-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 παρὰ | advmod | medium | Adverbial dative, 'there/in this position'; may scope over the following spatial phrase. |
| 26 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 ναοῦ | det | high | |
| 27 | ναοῦ | ναός | NOUN | N-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 κίονα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on κίονα. |
| 28 | κίονα | κίων | NOUN | N-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἕστηκεν | obl | high | Object of παρὰ; 'beside the first column of the temple'. |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἕστηκεν | punct | high |
ὃ δὲ ἐν τῇ Ἄλτει μέγιστον τῶν χαλκῶν ἐστιν ἀγαλμάτων τοῦ Διός, ἀνετέθη μὲν ὑπὸ αὐτῶν Ἠλείων ἀπὸ τοῦ πρὸς Ἀρκάδας πολέμου, μέγεθος δὲ ἑπτὰ καὶ εἴκοσι ποδῶν ἐστι.
Relative ὃ is the subject of both copular clauses; μέγιστον is a superlative predicate nominative/subject complement with τῶν χαλκῶν ἀγαλμάτων as a partitive genitive phrase. The second clause supplies an omitted subject/coreferent and μέγεθος is a predicate accusative of measure/description; ἑπτὰ καὶ εἴκοσι ποδῶν is a genitive of measure.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὃ | ὅς | PRON | R-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 6 μέγιστον | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun, referring to the statue. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 μέγιστον | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Ἄλτει | case | high | Preposition governing τῇ Ἄλτει. |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Ἄλτει | det | high | |
| 5 | Ἄλτει | Ἄλτις | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστιν | obl | high | Locative dative with ἐν. |
| 6 | μέγιστον | μέγας | ADJ | A-SNS | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Superlative predicate complement of ἐστιν. |
| 7 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 ἀγαλμάτων | det | high | |
| 8 | χαλκῶν | χαλκοῦς | ADJ | A-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἀγαλμάτων | amod | high | Adjective modifying ἀγαλμάτων. |
| 9 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | First copular predicate; governs ὃ and μέγιστον. |
| 10 | ἀγαλμάτων | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 μέγιστον | nmod | high | Partitive genitive dependent on the superlative. |
| 11 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 Διός | det | high | |
| 12 | Διός | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀγαλμάτων | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀγαλμάτων. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἀνετέθη | punct | high | |
| 14 | ἀνετέθη | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-API-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 9 ἐστιν | conj | high | Second coordinated predicate; subject is the relative ὃ. |
| 15 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PRT | _ | 14 ἀνετέθη | discourse | high | Correlative particle anticipating δὲ. |
| 16 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 Ἠλείων | case | high | Agent preposition governing Ἠλείων. |
| 17 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 18 Ἠλείων | det | medium | Intensifying/identifying modifier of Ἠλείων: by the Eleans themselves. |
| 18 | Ἠλείων | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἀνετέθη | obl:agent | high | Agent of the passive verb. |
| 19 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 23 πολέμου | case | high | Preposition governing πολέμου. |
| 20 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 πολέμου | det | high | |
| 21 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 22 Ἀρκάδας | case | high | Preposition governing Ἀρκάδας. |
| 22 | Ἀρκάδας | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 πολέμου | nmod | high | Object of πρὸς within the noun phrase πολέμου. |
| 23 | πολέμου | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἀνετέθη | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀπό. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 μέγεθος | punct | high | |
| 25 | μέγεθος | μέγεθος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 31 ἐστι | xcomp | medium | Predicate noun/measure description with omitted copular subject; could be treated as a nominal predicate. |
| 26 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 31 ἐστι | cc | high | Connective introducing the final measurement clause. |
| 27 | ἑπτὰ | ἑπτά | NUM | M-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 30 ποδῶν | nummod | medium | Cardinal numeral; syntax is coordinated with εἴκοσι in the measure phrase. |
| 28 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 εἴκοσι | cc | high | Coordinates the two numerals. |
| 29 | εἴκοσι | εἴκοσι | NUM | M-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 30 ποδῶν | conj | medium | Cardinal numeral coordinated with ἑπτά; invariant form. |
| 30 | ποδῶν | πούς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 μέγεθος | nmod | high | Genitive of measure: seven and twenty feet. |
| 31 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 ἐστιν | conj | high | Second copular clause, coordinated with the first. |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐστιν | punct | high |