Grammar parses for passage 5.24.9
Open translation for this passage
ὁ δὲ ἐν τῷ βουλευτηρίῳ πάντων ὁπόσα ἀγάλματα Διὸς μάλιστα ἐς ἔκπληξιν ἀδίκων ἀνδρῶν πεποίηται·
Elliptical relative construction: ὁπόσα ἀγάλματα is the object of πεποίηται, with πάντων understood as πάντων τῶν ...; ὁ refers to the statues/context and δέ introduces the clause. The construction is syntactically compressed, so attachment of ἐν τῷ βουλευτηρίῳ is interpreted as locative with πεποίηται.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 πεποίηται | det | medium | Article substantivally marks the omitted/elliptical subject or topic; exact syntactic function is compressed. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 πεποίηται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 βουλευτηρίῳ | case | high | |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-----NSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 βουλευτηρίῳ | det | high | |
| 5 | βουλευτηρίῳ | βουλευτήριον | NOUN | N-----NSD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 πεποίηται | obl | medium | Locative adjunct, probably modifying πεποίηται. |
| 6 | πάντων | πᾶς | ADJ | A-----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Tot | 8 ἀγάλματα | det | low | Likely partitive/genitive modifying an implicit or elliptic phrase with ἀγάλματα; agreement is not overtly resolved. |
| 7 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | DET | A-----NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 8 ἀγάλματα | det | medium | Relative determiner introducing the quantified relative expression. |
| 8 | ἀγάλματα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-----NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 πεποίηται | obj | medium | Neuter plural form; functions as the object of πεποίηται in an elliptical relative construction. |
| 9 | Διὸς | Ζεύς | PROPN | Ne-----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀγάλματα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀγάλματα: statues of Zeus. |
| 10 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Sup | 15 πεποίηται | advmod | high | |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 ἔκπληξιν | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 12 | ἔκπληξιν | ἔκπληξις | NOUN | N-----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 πεποίηται | obl | high | Goal/purpose adjunct: for striking terror or amazement. |
| 13 | ἀδίκων | ἄδικος | ADJ | A-----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἀνδρῶν | amod | high | |
| 14 | ἀνδρῶν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἔκπληξιν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἔκπληξιν: terror of unjust men. |
| 15 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | V-----3RMI-S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Perfect middle/passive form; singular agreement is difficult with neuter plural ἀγάλματα, likely reflecting an impersonal or elliptical construction. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 πεποίηται | punct | high |
ἐπίκλησις μὲν Ὅρκιός ἐστιν αὐτῷ, ἔχει δὲ ἐν ἑκατέρᾳ κεραυνὸν χειρί.
Copular clause: ἐπίκλησις is the subject and Ὅρκιος the predicate nominative; αὐτῷ is a dative of possession/reference with ἐστιν. The second clause has an understood subject, with κεραυνόν as the object of ἔχει and ἐν ἑκατέρᾳ χειρί as a locative phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπίκλησις | ἐπίκλησις | NOUN | N-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df | _ | 4 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Correlative particle, answered by δὲ. |
| 3 | Ὅρκιός | Ὅρκιος | ADJ | A-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Predicate nominative/adjectival name; agrees with an implied masculine referent, likely Zeus. |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 4 ἐστιν | iobj | medium | Dative of possession/reference: 'for him/with him'. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 7 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | V3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 ἐστιν | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb; subject is understood from context. |
| 8 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἔχει | cc | high | |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 χειρί | case | high | |
| 10 | ἑκατέρᾳ | ἑκάτερος | ADJ | A-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 χειρί | amod | high | Modifies χειρί. |
| 11 | κεραυνὸν | κεραυνός | NOUN | N-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἔχει | obj | high | |
| 12 | χειρί | χείρ | NOUN | N-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἔχει | obl | high | Locative dative governed by ἐν; phrase means 'in each hand'. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high |
παρὰ τούτῳ καθέστηκε τοῖς ἀθληταῖς καὶ πατράσιν αὐτῶν καὶ ἀδελφοῖς, ἔτι δὲ γυμνασταῖς ἐπὶ κάπρου κατόμνυσθαι τομίων, μηδὲν ἐς τὸν Ὀλυμπίων ἀγῶνα ἔσεσθαι παρʼ αὐτῶν κακούργημα.
The sentence states an established rule for athletes, their fathers and brothers, and trainers: they must swear, with a boar and sacrificial pieces, that no wrongdoing toward the Olympic contest will come from them.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | PREP | _ | 2 τούτῳ | case | high | |
| 2 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | PD-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 καθέστηκε | obl | high | Dative with παρά, locative/associative sense. |
| 3 | καθέστηκε | καθίστημι | VERB | V-RIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Perfect form; construction means the rule/custom has been established. |
| 4 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 ἀθληταῖς | det | high | |
| 5 | ἀθληταῖς | ἀθλητής | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 καθέστηκε | iobj | medium | Dative of persons to whom the established rule applies. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 πατράσιν | cc | high | |
| 7 | πατράσιν | πατήρ | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἀθληταῖς | conj | high | |
| 8 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 7 πατράσιν | nmod:poss | high | Possessive genitive: their fathers. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἀδελφοῖς | cc | high | |
| 10 | ἀδελφοῖς | ἀδελφός | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἀθληταῖς | conj | high | |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 καθέστηκε | punct | high | |
| 12 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | ADV | _ | 14 γυμνασταῖς | advmod | high | Further/additionally. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 γυμνασταῖς | cc | high | |
| 14 | γυμνασταῖς | γυμναστής | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 καθέστηκε | iobj | medium | Additional dative participant under καθέστηκε. |
| 15 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 16 κάπρου | case | high | |
| 16 | κάπρου | κάπρος | NOUN | N-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 κατόμνυσθαι | obl | high | Genitive after ἐπί: by/on a boar. |
| 17 | κατόμνυσθαι | κατόμνυμι | VERB | V-PMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 14 γυμνασταῖς | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by the established rule. |
| 18 | τομίων | τόμιον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 κατόμνυσθαι | obl | medium | Genitive likely denotes the sliced/cut sacrificial pieces; exact lexical analysis is uncertain. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 κατόμνυσθαι | punct | high | |
| 20 | μηδὲν | μηδείς | PRON | PX-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Neg | 28 κακούργημα | nsubj | medium | Neuter singular subject of ἔσεσθαι, with κακούργημα as predicate noun. |
| 21 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 24 ἀγῶνα | case | high | |
| 22 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 24 ἀγῶνα | det | high | |
| 23 | Ὀλυμπίων | Ὀλύμπιος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἀγῶνα | amod | medium | Adjectival modifier: the Olympic contest. |
| 24 | ἀγῶνα | ἀγών | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 κακούργημα | obl | high | Goal/domain complement with εἰς. |
| 25 | ἔσεσθαι | εἰμί | AUX | V-FMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|Voice=Mid | 17 κατόμνυσθαι | xcomp | high | Infinitive in indirect statement: no wrongdoing will be toward the Olympic contest. |
| 26 | παρʼ | παρά | ADP | PREP | _ | 27 αὐτῶν | case | high | |
| 27 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 28 κακούργημα | obl:agent | high | Agent/source genitive with παρά. |
| 28 | κακούργημα | κακούργημα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 ἔσεσθαι | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative with ἔσεσθαι; μηδέν agrees in neuter singular. |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 καθέστηκε | punct | high |
οἱ δὲ ἄνδρες οἱ ἀθληταὶ καὶ τόδε ἔτι προσκατόμνυνται, δέκα ἐφεξῆς μηνῶν ἀπηκριβῶσθαί σφισι τὰ πάντα ἐς ἄσκησιν.
The infinitival clause (14–19) is the content of προσκατόμνυνται: the athletes swear that everything concerning training has been precisely prescribed for them for ten successive months. The exact force of ἄσκησιν is somewhat elliptical; it is construed with ἐς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἄνδρες | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 προσκατόμνυνται | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἄνδρες | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 προσκατόμνυνται | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἀθληταὶ | det | high | |
| 5 | ἀθληταὶ | ἀθλητής | NOUN | N----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἄνδρες | appos | high | Appositional specification of ἄνδρες. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 τόδε | cc | high | |
| 7 | τόδε | ὅδε | PRON | P----NAS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 προσκατόμνυνται | obj | medium | Accusative object with the compound verb, referring to the following sworn point. |
| 8 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 9 προσκατόμνυνται | advmod | high | |
| 9 | προσκατόμνυνται | προσκατόμνυμι | VERB | V3PPMI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Present middle form; governs the accusative content object τόδε and an infinitival content clause. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 προσκατόμνυνται | punct | high | |
| 11 | δέκα | δέκα | NUM | M-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 13 μηνῶν | nummod | high | |
| 12 | ἐφεξῆς | ἐφεξῆς | ADV | D-------- | _ | 13 μηνῶν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the duration phrase μηνῶν. |
| 13 | μηνῶν | μήν | NOUN | N----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἀπηκριβῶσθαί | obl | medium | Genitive of duration with the perfect infinitive. |
| 14 | ἀπηκριβῶσθαί | ἀπακριβόω | VERB | V--RMPNA- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 9 προσκατόμνυνται | xcomp | high | Perfect middle infinitive in the content clause. |
| 15 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | P----DPM- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 14 ἀπηκριβῶσθαί | iobj | high | Dative of reference/agent with the perfect middle infinitive. |
| 16 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T----NAP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 πάντα | det | high | |
| 17 | πάντα | πᾶς | PRON | P----NAP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Tot | 14 ἀπηκριβῶσθαί | nsubj | high | Substantivized neuter plural subject of ἀπηκριβῶσθαι. |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 ἄσκησιν | case | high | |
| 19 | ἄσκησιν | ἄσκησις | NOUN | N----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἀπηκριβῶσθαί | obl | medium | Accusative complement of ἐς; semantically specifies the sphere/purpose of the prescribed regimen. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 προσκατόμνυνται | punct | high |