Grammar parses for passage 5.25.3
Open translation for this passage
ἤν τε καὶ ἀνέμων ἀπῇ πνεύματα, ὁ δὲ καὶ τηνικαῦτα ὁ πορθμὸς κίνησιν βιαιοτάτην αὐτὸς ἐξ αὑτοῦ καὶ ἰσχυρὰς παρέχεται παλιρροίας.
Conditional ἤν ... ἀπῇ has a present subjunctive with genitive ἀνέμων and subject πνεύματα; the main clause is somewhat textually/semantically compressed, with ὁ πορθμός as subject and παρέχεται governing κίνησιν and παλιρροίας. The first ὁ is likely an anaphoric article/pronoun referring to the strait or channel.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἤν | ἐάν | SCONJ | C--------- | PronType=Rel | 5 ἀπῇ | mark | high | Conditional conjunction, variant form of ἐάν. |
| 2 | τε | τε | PART | G--------- | _ | 3 καὶ | cc | medium | Correlative/enclitic connective; exact scope is somewhat unclear. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 5 ἀπῇ | cc | high | Coordinates the conditional clause elements. |
| 4 | ἀνέμων | ἄνεμος | NOUN | N---GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 πνεύματα | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on πνεύματα, likely ‘winds' blasts/breaths’. |
| 5 | ἀπῇ | ἄπειμι | VERB | V3SPSA-- | Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 21 παρέχεται | advcl | high | Present active subjunctive in the ἤν conditional protasis. |
| 6 | πνεύματα | πνεῦμα | NOUN | N-----NA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἀπῇ | nsubj | high | Neuter plural subject of ἀπῇ. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἀπῇ | punct | high | |
| 8 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | P----NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 παρέχεται | nsubj | low | Substantival/anaphoric article, probably referring to the channel/strait; syntactic role is uncertain. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 21 παρέχεται | cc | high | Postpositive adversative connective. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | ADV | D--------- | AdvType=Add | 11 τηνικαῦτα | advmod | high | Additive adverb modifying τηνικαῦτα. |
| 11 | τηνικαῦτα | τηνικαῦτα | ADV | D--------- | AdvType=Tim | 21 παρέχεται | advmod | high | Temporal adverb, ‘at that time/even then’. |
| 12 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | P----NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 πορθμὸς | det | high | |
| 13 | πορθμὸς | πορθμός | NOUN | N-----NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 παρέχεται | nsubj | high | Subject of παρέχεται. |
| 14 | κίνησιν | κίνησις | NOUN | N-----FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 παρέχεται | obj | high | Accusative object of παρέχεται. |
| 15 | βιαιοτάτην | βίαιος | ADJ | A--SFA-S | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 κίνησιν | amod | high | Superlative modifier of κίνησιν. |
| 16 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | P----NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Int | 21 παρέχεται | nsubj | low | Likely intensive pronoun, ‘itself’; may instead be appositional/emphatic with the subject. |
| 17 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R--------- | _ | 18 αὑτοῦ | case | high | |
| 18 | αὑτοῦ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 21 παρέχεται | obl | high | Reflexive genitive governed by ἐξ. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 20 ἰσχυρὰς | cc | high | Coordinates the two adjective phrases. |
| 20 | ἰσχυρὰς | ἰσχυρός | ADJ | A--PFA-- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 22 παλιρροίας | amod | high | Modifier of παλιρροίας. |
| 21 | παρέχεται | παρέχω | VERB | V3SPI---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb; middle voice means ‘provides/produces for itself’ or similar. |
| 22 | παλιρροίας | παλίρροια | NOUN | N---PFA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 παρέχεται | obj | high | Second accusative object coordinated semantically with κίνησιν. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 παρέχεται | punct | high |
εἰ δὲ ἐνταῦθα συνέπεσε καὶ Ὀδυσσεῖ διαφθαρῆναι τὴν ναῦν, ἄλλως μὲν οὐκ ἄν τις πείθοιτο ἐκνήξασθαι ζῶντα ἐς τὴν Ἰταλίαν αὐτόν.
Conditional construction: συνέπεσε governs the infinitival subject τὴν ναῦν διαφθαρῆναι, with dative Ὀδυσσεῖ as the affected participant; the apodosis has ἄν with optative πείθοιτο, governing the complementary infinitive ἐκνήξασθαι and its accusative subject αὐτόν, modified by ζῶντα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 συνέπεσε | mark | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 συνέπεσε | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | ADV | _ | 4 συνέπεσε | advmod | high | |
| 4 | συνέπεσε | συμπίπτω | VERB | V-3SIAI | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 διαφθαρῆναι | cc | medium | Coordinates the infinitival predicate with συνέπεσε semantically. |
| 6 | Ὀδυσσεῖ | Ὀδυσσεύς | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 διαφθαρῆναι | iobj | high | |
| 7 | διαφθαρῆναι | διαφθείρω | VERB | V-ANP | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 4 συνέπεσε | xcomp | high | Infinitive with τὴν ναῦν as accusative subject. |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ναῦν | det | high | |
| 9 | ναῦν | ναῦς | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 διαφθαρῆναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 συνέπεσε | punct | high | |
| 11 | ἄλλως | ἄλλως | ADV | ADV | _ | 16 πείθοιτο | advmod | high | |
| 12 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 16 πείθοιτο | advmod | high | Correlative particle, with no overt δέ in the apodosis. |
| 13 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 16 πείθοιτο | advmod | high | |
| 14 | ἄν | ἄν | PART | PART | _ | 16 πείθοιτο | aux | high | Modal particle with optative. |
| 15 | τις | τις | PRON | P-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 16 πείθοιτο | nsubj | high | |
| 16 | πείθοιτο | πείθω | VERB | V-3SPO | Mood=Optative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | parataxis | medium | Apodotic optative; syntactically coordinated with the conditional protasis at discourse level. |
| 17 | ἐκνήξασθαι | ἐκνήχομαι | VERB | V-AMN | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 16 πείθοιτο | xcomp | high | Complement of πείθοιτο. |
| 18 | ζῶντα | ζάω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 22 αὐτόν | advcl | medium | Predicative participle agreeing with αὐτόν; effectively ‘alive’. |
| 19 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 21 Ἰταλίαν | case | high | |
| 20 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 Ἰταλίαν | det | high | |
| 21 | Ἰταλίαν | Ἰταλία | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἐκνήξασθαι | obl | high | |
| 22 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 17 ἐκνήξασθαι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive ἐκνήξασθαι. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 πείθοιτο | punct | high |
τὸ δὲ ἐκ τῶν θεῶν εὐμενὲς ἐπὶ παντὶ ἐργάζεται ῥᾳστώνην.
The neuter substantivized εὐμενές is the subject of ἐργάζεται; τὸ ... ἐκ τῶν θεῶν forms the object-like source phrase, and ἐπὶ παντί expresses the circumstance under which ease is produced. The exact construal of τὸ with εὐμενές is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 εὐμενὲς | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 9 ἐργάζεται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 θεῶν | case | high | |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 θεῶν | det | high | |
| 5 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 εὐμενὲς | obl | high | Genitive plural; formally masculine despite the neuter article, likely a lexical/agreement irregularity in the supplied text or an elliptical construction. |
| 6 | εὐμενὲς | εὐμενής | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἐργάζεται | nsubj | medium | Substantivized neuter adjective, ‘the favorable disposition’; article τὸ agrees with it. |
| 7 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 παντὶ | case | high | |
| 8 | παντὶ | πᾶς | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐργάζεται | obl | medium | Dative after ἐπί; the expected semantic noun is elided or implicit. |
| 9 | ἐργάζεται | ἐργάζομαι | VERB | V3SPI-MP | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | ῥᾳστώνην | ῥᾳστώνη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἐργάζεται | obj | high | |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐργάζεται | punct | high |