Grammar parses for passage 5.26.1
Open translation for this passage
Μεσσηνίων δὲ τῶν Δωριέων οἱ Ναύπακτόν ποτε παρὰ Ἀθηναίων λαβόντες ἄγαλμα ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ Νίκης ἐπὶ τῷ κίονι ἀνέθεσαν·
The genitive phrase Μεσσηνίων τῶν Δωριέων is a topic/partitive-like frame; οἱ λαβόντες is the subject of ἀνέθεσαν, with Ναύπακτον as the object of λαβόντες and ἄγαλμα as the object of ἀνέθεσαν. Νίκης modifies ἄγαλμα; ἐπὶ τῷ κίονι gives the dedication location.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μεσσηνίων | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 οἱ | nmod | medium | Ethnic name used substantivally; genitive dependent on the following subject phrase. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 18 ἀνέθεσαν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 Δωριέων | det | high | |
| 4 | Δωριέων | Δωριεύς | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 Μεσσηνίων | appos | high | Genitive ethnic designation apposed to Μεσσηνίων. |
| 5 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 λαβόντες | det | high | Article substantivizing the participle λαβόντες. |
| 6 | Ναύπακτόν | Ναύπακτος | PROPN | Ne-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 λαβόντες | obj | high | Object of λαβόντες. |
| 7 | ποτε | ποτέ | ADV | D- | _ | 10 λαβόντες | advmod | high | |
| 8 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R | _ | 9 Ἀθηναίων | case | high | With genitive, marking source. |
| 9 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 Ναύπακτόν | nmod | high | Source complement of παρά. |
| 10 | λαβόντες | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 18 ἀνέθεσαν | advcl | high | Aorist participle, sharing the subject of ἀνέθεσαν. |
| 11 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἀνέθεσαν | obj | high | Object of ἀνέθεσαν. |
| 12 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 13 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | |
| 13 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | Ne-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἀνέθεσαν | obl | high | Locative complement of ἀνέθεσαν. |
| 14 | Νίκης | Νίκη | PROPN | Ne-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive specifying the identity/type of the ἄγαλμα. |
| 15 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 17 κίονι | case | high | With dative, marking position. |
| 16 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 κίονι | det | high | |
| 17 | κίονι | κίων | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἀνέθεσαν | obl | high | Object of the preposition ἐπί. |
| 18 | ἀνέθεσαν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἀνέθεσαν | punct | high |
τοῦτό ἐστιν ἔργον μὲν Μενδαίου Παιωνίου , πεποίηται δὲ ἀπὸ ἀνδρῶν πολεμίων, ὅτε Ἀκαρνᾶσι καὶ Οἰνιάδαις ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν ἐπολέμησαν.
τοῦτό ἐστιν ἔργον is a copular clause with predicate nominative ἔργον; Μενδαίου Παιωνίου are genitives of attribution/authorship. πεποίηται is perfect middle/passive, with ἀπό + genitive expressing material/source. The final ὅτε-clause is temporally subordinate; Ἀκαρνᾶσι and Οἰνιάδαις are coordinated dative opponents with ἐπολέμησαν, while ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν is an intervening parenthetical opinion phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτό | οὗτος | PRON | PD-----N3S | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 2 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 3 | ἔργον | ἔργον | NOUN | N-----N-S | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 2 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 3 ἔργον | discourse | high | Correlative with δὲ. |
| 5 | Μενδαίου | Μενδαῖος | PROPN | N-----G-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἔργον | nmod | medium | Genitive of attribution/author. |
| 6 | Παιωνίου | Παιώνιος | PROPN | N-----G-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Μενδαίου | appos | medium | Appositional second name, both genitives. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 8 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | V3RMP-S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 2 ἐστιν | conj | high | Perfect middle/passive; subject is τοῦτό understood/shared. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 πεποίηται | cc | high | Correlative with μὲν. |
| 10 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 ἀνδρῶν | case | high | |
| 11 | ἀνδρῶν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-----G-P | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 πεποίηται | obl | high | Object of ἀπό. |
| 12 | πολεμίων | πολέμιος | ADJ | A-----GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἀνδρῶν | amod | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 πεποίηται | punct | high | |
| 14 | ὅτε | ὅτε | SCONJ | C-------- | PronType=Rel | 20 ἐπολέμησαν | mark | high | Temporal subordinator. |
| 15 | Ἀκαρνᾶσι | Ἀκαρνάν | PROPN | N-----D-P | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ἐπολέμησαν | obl | medium | Dative of opponents/with whom one fights. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 Οἰνιάδαις | cc | high | |
| 17 | Οἰνιάδαις | Οἰνιάδης | PROPN | N-----D-P | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 Ἀκαρνᾶσι | conj | medium | Coordinated with Ἀκαρνᾶσι. |
| 18 | ἐμοὶ | ἐγώ | PRON | P---D1-S- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 19 δοκεῖν | obl | high | Dative of opinion with δοκεῖν. |
| 19 | δοκεῖν | δοκέω | VERB | V--PAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 20 ἐπολέμησαν | parataxis | medium | Parenthetical ‘as it seems to me’; attachment is syntactically loose. |
| 20 | ἐπολέμησαν | πολεμέω | VERB | V3PAAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 8 πεποίηται | advcl | high | Finite verb of the ὅτε temporal clause. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἐστιν | punct | high |
Μεσσήνιοι δὲ αὐτοὶ λέγουσι τὸ ἀνάθημά σφισιν ἀπὸ τοῦ ἔργου τοῦ ἐν τῇ Σφακτηρίᾳ νήσῳ μετὰ Ἀθηναίων πραχθέντος εἶναι , καὶ οὐκ ἐπιγράψαι τὸ ὄνομα τῶν πολεμίων σφᾶς τῷ ἀπὸ Λακεδαιμονίων δείματι, ἐπεὶ Οἰνιαδῶν γε καὶ Ἀκαρνάνων οὐδένα ἔχειν φόβον.
λέγουσι governs coordinated accusative–infinitive clauses: τὸ ἀνάθημα ... εἶναι and οὐκ ἐπιγράψαι. In the second clause, σφᾶς is the accusative subject of ἐπιγράψαι, while the dative τῷ ... δείματι expresses cause/impelled circumstance; πραχθέντος agrees with ἔργου and is modified by ἐν τῇ Σφακτηρίᾳ νήσῳ μετὰ Ἀθηναίων. The final ἐπεὶ clause supplies the stated reason for having no fear.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μεσσήνιοι | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | Npm | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 λέγουσι | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G | _ | 4 λέγουσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | αὐτοὶ | αὐτός | PRON | A-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 1 Μεσσήνιοι | appos | medium | Emphatic pronoun, agreeing with Μεσσήνιοι. |
| 4 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ἀνάθημά | det | high | |
| 6 | ἀνάθημά | ἀνάθημα | NOUN | S-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of εἶναι. |
| 7 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp3-pd-- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 6 ἀνάθημά | iobj | medium | Dative of possession/reference with ἀνάθημα. |
| 8 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R- | _ | 10 ἔργου | case | high | |
| 9 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 ἔργου | det | high | |
| 10 | ἔργου | ἔργον | NOUN | S-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 εἶναι | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀπό. |
| 11 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 πραχθέντος | det | high | |
| 12 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R- | _ | 14 Σφακτηρίᾳ | case | high | |
| 13 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | S-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 Σφακτηρίᾳ | det | high | |
| 14 | Σφακτηρίᾳ | Σφακτηρία | PROPN | S-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 νήσῳ | compound | high | |
| 15 | νήσῳ | νῆσος | NOUN | S-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 πραχθέντος | obl | high | Object of ἐν; Σφακτηρίᾳ is its attributive proper name. |
| 16 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | R- | _ | 17 Ἀθηναίων | case | high | |
| 17 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | S-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 πραχθέντος | obl | high | Genitive after μετὰ. |
| 18 | πραχθέντος | πράσσω | VERB | V-sapmng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 10 ἔργου | acl | high | Aorist passive participle agreeing with ἔργου. |
| 19 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 4 λέγουσι | ccomp | high | First accusative–infinitive complement of λέγουσι. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 εἶναι | punct | high | |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 ἐπιγράψαι | cc | high | Coordinates the second infinitival clause. |
| 22 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 23 ἐπιγράψαι | advmod | high | |
| 23 | ἐπιγράψαι | ἐπιγράφω | VERB | V--AAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 4 λέγουσι | ccomp | high | Coordinated infinitival complement of λέγουσι. |
| 24 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 25 ὄνομα | det | high | |
| 25 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | S-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 ἐπιγράψαι | obj | high | |
| 26 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 27 πολεμίων | det | high | |
| 27 | πολεμίων | πολέμιος | ADJ | A-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ὄνομα | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective: the enemies. |
| 28 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp3-p---- | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 23 ἐπιγράψαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of ἐπιγράψαι. |
| 29 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | S-s---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 32 δείματι | det | high | |
| 30 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R- | _ | 31 Λακεδαιμονίων | case | high | |
| 31 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 δείματι | nmod | high | Substantival ethnic name, genitive after ἀπό. |
| 32 | δείματι | δεῖμα | NOUN | S-s---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 ἐπιγράψαι | obl | medium | Dative of cause or circumstance: ‘through fear of the Lacedaemonians’. |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 ἐπιγράψαι | punct | high | |
| 34 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 40 ἔχειν | mark | high | Introduces causal subordinate clause. |
| 35 | Οἰνιαδῶν | Οἰνιάδαι | PROPN | Npm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 40 ἔχειν | obl | medium | Genitive of comparison/object with φόβον understood in the idiom. |
| 36 | γε | γε | PART | G-------- | _ | 35 Οἰνιαδῶν | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 37 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 38 Ἀκαρνάνων | cc | high | |
| 38 | Ἀκαρνάνων | Ἀκαρνάν | PROPN | Npm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 35 Οἰνιαδῶν | conj | high | Coordinated genitive ethnic name. |
| 39 | οὐδένα | οὐδείς | PRON | A-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 41 φόβον | det | high | Accusative masculine substantival adjective, modifying φόβον. |
| 40 | ἔχειν | ἔχω | VERB | V--PAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 23 ἐπιγράψαι | advcl | high | Infinitive in the causal clause, with σφᾶς understood as subject. |
| 41 | φόβον | φόβος | NOUN | S-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 40 ἔχειν | obj | high | |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 λέγουσι | punct | high |