Grammar parses for passage 5.26.1
Open translation for this passage
Μεσσηνίων δὲ τῶν Δωριέων οἱ Ναύπακτόν ποτε παρὰ Ἀθηναίων λαβόντες ἄγαλμα ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ Νίκης ἐπὶ τῷ κίονι ἀνέθεσαν·
The genitive fronted phrase Μεσσηνίων δὲ τῶν Δωριέων forms a complex appositional/partitive modifier of the subject; the participle λαβόντες is adnominal, agreeing with οἱ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μεσσηνίων | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | N--PGMP--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 οἱ | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of the article/noun phrase. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 18 ἀνέθεσαν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-PGMP--- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 οἱ | det | high | Article with Μεσσηνίων. |
| 4 | Δωριέων | Δωριεύς | PROPN | N--PGMP--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 Μεσσηνίων | nmod | high | Genitive apposition/partitive relation to Μεσσηνίων. |
| 5 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L-NPMP--- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 18 ἀνέθεσαν | nsubj | high | Article functioning as nominal head of the subject phrase. |
| 6 | Ναύπακτόν | Ναύπακτος | PROPN | N-SAFS--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 λαβόντες | obj | high | Object of λαβόντες. |
| 7 | ποτε | ποτέ | ADV | D-------- | _ | 10 λαβόντες | advmod | high | Temporal particle/adverb modifying λαβόντες. |
| 8 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 Ἀθηναίων | case | high | Preposition governing Ἀθηναίων. |
| 9 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N--PGMP--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 Ναύπακτόν | nmod | high | Genitive complement of παρὰ. |
| 10 | λαβόντες | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-AAPNPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 οἱ | acl | high | Adnominal participle modifying οἱ. |
| 11 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N--NASN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἀνέθεσαν | obj | high | Direct object of ἀνέθεσαν. |
| 12 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | Preposition governing Ὀλυμπίᾳ. |
| 13 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | N-SDFS--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἀνέθεσαν | obl | high | Locative oblique phrase with ἐν. |
| 14 | Νίκης | Νίκη | NOUN | N-SFSG--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of Ὀλυμπίᾳ, likely 'Olympia of Nike'. |
| 15 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 κίονι | case | high | Preposition governing τῷ κίονι. |
| 16 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-SDMS--- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 κίονι | det | high | Article with κίονι. |
| 17 | κίονι | κίων | NOUN | N-SDMS--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἀνέθεσαν | obl | high | Oblique of place with ἐπὶ. |
| 18 | ἀνέθεσαν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-AAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἀνέθεσαν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
τοῦτό ἐστιν ἔργον μὲν Μενδαίου Παιωνίου , πεποίηται δὲ ἀπὸ ἀνδρῶν πολεμίων, ὅτε Ἀκαρνᾶσι καὶ Οἰνιάδαις ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν ἐπολέμησαν.
The clause ὅτε Ἀκαρνᾶσι καὶ Οἰνιάδαις ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν ἐπολέμησαν is syntactically compressed; ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν is treated as a parenthetical complementary-infinitival expression, though attachment could also be analyzed differently.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτό | οὗτος | PRON | Pd--nsnn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 2 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστιν. |
| 2 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 3 | ἔργον | ἔργον | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 2 ἐστιν | xcomp | medium | Predicative complement with ἐστιν. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | g-------- | _ | 3 ἔργον | discourse | high | Discourse particle. |
| 5 | Μενδαίου | Μενδαῖος | PROPN | a-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἔργον | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἔργον. |
| 6 | Παιωνίου | Παιώνιος | PROPN | a-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Μενδαίου | flat | medium | Second name in the genitive name phrase. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 πεποίηται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 8 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | v3srmp--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 2 ἐστιν | conj | high | Second main predicate coordinated with ἐστιν. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | PART | g-------- | _ | 8 πεποίηται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 10 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | s-------- | _ | 11 ἀνδρῶν | case | high | Preposition governing ἀνδρῶν. |
| 11 | ἀνδρῶν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | n-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 πεποίηται | obl | high | Prepositional object of πεποίηται. |
| 12 | πολεμίων | πολέμιος | ADJ | a-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἀνδρῶν | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of ἀνδρῶν. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ὅτε | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 14 | ὅτε | ὅτε | SCONJ | c-------- | _ | 20 ἐπολέμησαν | mark | high | Subordinating conjunction introducing the temporal clause. |
| 15 | Ἀκαρνᾶσι | Ἀκαρνάν | PROPN | n-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ἐπολέμησαν | iobj | medium | Dative plural ethnic name; function with ἐπολέμησαν. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 17 Οἰνιάδαις | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 17 | Οἰνιάδαις | Οἰνιάδαι | PROPN | n-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 Ἀκαρνᾶσι | conj | high | Coordinated dative with Ἀκαρνᾶσι. |
| 18 | ἐμοὶ | ἐγώ | PRON | p-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 19 δοκεῖν | obl | high | Dative with δοκεῖν. |
| 19 | δοκεῖν | δοκέω | VERB | v--pna--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 20 ἐπολέμησαν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive depending on ἐπολέμησαν. |
| 20 | ἐπολέμησαν | πολεμέω | VERB | v3paia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 8 πεποίηται | advcl | high | Finite verb of temporal/causal subordinate clause with ὅτε. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἐστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
Μεσσήνιοι δὲ αὐτοὶ λέγουσι τὸ ἀνάθημά σφισιν ἀπὸ τοῦ ἔργου τοῦ ἐν τῇ Σφακτηρίᾳ νήσῳ μετὰ Ἀθηναίων πραχθέντος εἶναι , καὶ οὐκ ἐπιγράψαι τὸ ὄνομα τῶν πολεμίων σφᾶς τῷ ἀπὸ Λακεδαιμονίων δείματι, ἐπεὶ Οἰνιαδῶν γε καὶ Ἀκαρνάνων οὐδένα ἔχειν φόβον.
Main clause with infinitival complements under λέγουσι; second infinitival clause coordinated by καί, and ἐπεὶ introduces a causal/parenthetical clause with omitted/copied matrix framing.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μεσσήνιοι | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | Ne-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 λέγουσι | nsubj | high | Subject of λέγουσι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 4 λέγουσι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτοὶ | αὐτός | PRON | Pp-p---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 Μεσσήνιοι | appos | medium | Intensive pronoun modifying Μεσσήνιοι. |
| 4 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-3P-PAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | At-s---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἀνάθημά | det | high | Article with ἀνάθημά. |
| 6 | ἀνάθημά | ἀνάθημα | NOUN | Nb-s---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Subject of infinitive εἶναι. |
| 7 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp3p---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 19 εἶναι | iobj | medium | Dative of reference with εἶναι. |
| 8 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 ἔργου | case | high | Introduces genitive complement. |
| 9 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | At-s---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἔργου | det | high | Article with ἔργου. |
| 10 | ἔργου | ἔργον | NOUN | Nb-s---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 εἶναι | obl | high | Source/referential phrase governed by ἀπὸ. |
| 11 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | At-s---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 νήσῳ | det | high | Article with νήσῳ. |
| 12 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 νήσῳ | case | high | Introduces locative phrase. |
| 13 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | At-s---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 νήσῳ | det | high | Article with νήσῳ. |
| 14 | Σφακτηρίᾳ | Σφακτηρία | PROPN | Ne-s---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 νήσῳ | nmod | high | Proper name modifying νήσῳ. |
| 15 | νήσῳ | νῆσος | NOUN | Nb-s---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 πραχθέντος | obl | high | Locative complement in ἐν phrase. |
| 16 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 Ἀθηναίων | case | high | Introduces genitive phrase. |
| 17 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | Ne-p---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 πραχθέντος | obl | high | Accompaniment phrase with μετὰ. |
| 18 | πραχθέντος | πράσσω | VERB | V-sappmg- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 10 ἔργου | acl | high | Genitive participle modifying ἔργου. |
| 19 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 4 λέγουσι | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of λέγουσι. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 λέγουσι | punct | high | Comma. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 ἐπιγράψαι | cc | high | Coordinates infinitival clauses. |
| 22 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | _ | 23 ἐπιγράψαι | advmod | high | Negation of infinitive. |
| 23 | ἐπιγράψαι | ἐπιγράφω | VERB | V---AAI--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 4 λέγουσι | xcomp | high | Second infinitival complement of λέγουσι. |
| 24 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | At-s---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 ὄνομα | det | high | Article with ὄνομα. |
| 25 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | Nb-s---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 ἐπιγράψαι | obj | high | Direct object of ἐπιγράψαι. |
| 26 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | At-p---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 πολεμίων | det | high | Article with πολεμίων. |
| 27 | πολεμίων | πολέμιος | NOUN | A--p---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ὄνομα | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ὄνομα. |
| 28 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp3p---AA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 23 ἐπιγράψαι | obj | medium | Likely object of implied accusative with ἐπιγράψαι, though syntax is somewhat compressed. |
| 29 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | At-s---ND- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 32 δείματι | det | high | Article with δείματι. |
| 30 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 31 Λακεδαιμονίων | case | high | Introduces genitive complement. |
| 31 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | Ne-p---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 δείματι | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἀπό. |
| 32 | δείματι | δεῖμα | NOUN | Nb-s---ND- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 ἐπιγράψαι | obl | medium | Dative cause/instrument with ἐπιγράψαι. |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 λέγουσι | punct | high | Comma. |
| 34 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 40 ἔχειν | mark | high | Subordinating conjunction introducing causal clause. |
| 35 | Οἰνιαδῶν | Οἰνιάδαι | PROPN | Ne-p---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 41 φόβον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of φόβον. |
| 36 | γε | γε | PART | G-------- | _ | 35 Οἰνιαδῶν | discourse | high | Enclitic focus particle. |
| 37 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 35 Οἰνιαδῶν | cc | high | Coordinates genitives. |
| 38 | Ἀκαρνάνων | Ἀκαρνάν | PROPN | Ne-p---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 35 Οἰνιαδῶν | conj | high | Second coordinated genitive. |
| 39 | οὐδένα | οὐδείς | PRON | Px-s---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 41 φόβον | amod | medium | Attributive/quantifying modifier of φόβον. |
| 40 | ἔχειν | ἔχω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Possible ellipsis/anacoluthon; treated as clause root of causal parenthetical. |
| 41 | φόβον | φόβος | NOUN | Nb-s---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 40 ἔχειν | obj | high | Object of ἔχειν. |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 40 ἔχειν | punct | high | Period. |