Grammar parses for passage 5.27.10
Open translation for this passage
παῖς μικρὸς ὑπὸ τούτῳ καθήμενος τῷ βοῒ ἐς τὸ κάτω νενευκὼς ἔπαιζεν·
The sentence has παῖς as subject of ἔπαιζεν; μικρός and the participles καθήμενος and νευκώς are predicative/subject-oriented modifiers. ὑπό with the dative τούτῳ means 'under this', while τῷ βοΐ is instrumental or locative ('on/with the ox'); ἐς τὸ κάτω is an adverbial directional phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παῖς | παῖς | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἔπαιζεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | μικρὸς | μικρός | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 παῖς | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of παῖς. |
| 3 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | _ | 4 τούτῳ | case | high | With dative τούτῳ, locative 'under'. |
| 4 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | D-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 καθήμενος | obl | medium | Object of ὑπό; phrase modifies καθήμενος/ἔπαιζεν. |
| 5 | καθήμενος | κάθημαι | VERB | V-PMPNSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 12 ἔπαιζεν | advcl | high | Present middle participle, subject-oriented. |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 βοῒ | det | high | |
| 7 | βοῒ | βοῦς | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 καθήμενος | obl | medium | Dative is semantically instrumental or locative with καθήμενος; exact attachment is uncertain. |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 10 κάτω | case | high | |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 κάτω | det | high | |
| 10 | κάτω | κάτω | ADV | D | _ | 11 νενευκὼς | obl | medium | Substantivized directional adverb, 'downward'; τὸ is article used adverbially. |
| 11 | νενευκὼς | νεύω | VERB | V-RAPNSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ἔπαιζεν | advcl | high | Perfect active participle, 'having bent/inclined'; ἐς τὸ κάτω gives its direction. |
| 12 | ἔπαιζεν | παίζω | VERB | V-IAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἔπαιζεν | punct | high |
ἀνασχὼν δὲ ἐξαίφνης τὴν κεφαλὴν κατεάγη τε αὐτὴν πρὸς τὸν χαλκὸν καὶ ἐκ τοῦ τραύματος ἡμέραις ὕστερον ἀπέθανεν οὐ πολλαῖς.
The sentence coordinates κατεάγη and ἀπέθανεν; ἀνασχών is a temporal participial adjunct, while ἐκ τοῦ τραύματος and ἡμέραις ὕστερον express cause/source and short elapsed time.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀνασχὼν | ἀνέχω | VERB | VAAP-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 6 κατεάγη | advcl | high | Aorist active participle, temporal/concessive adjunct. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 κατεάγη | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐξαίφνης | ἐξαίφνης | ADV | ADV | _ | 6 κατεάγη | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the finite verb. |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA---ASF- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 κεφαλὴν | det | high | |
| 5 | κεφαλὴν | κεφαλή | NOUN | 名-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνασχὼν | obj | high | Object of ἀνασχών. |
| 6 | κατεάγη | κατάγνυμι | VERB | VAPI3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist passive form; ‘was broken’. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 κατεάγη | cc | high | Correlative connective with καί. |
| 8 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | RP---AFS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 6 κατεάγη | obj | medium | Resumptive accusative referring to the head; construction is somewhat compressed. |
| 9 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 χαλκὸν | case | high | |
| 10 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA---ASM- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 χαλκὸν | det | high | |
| 11 | χαλκὸν | χαλκός | NOUN | 名-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 κατεάγη | obl | high | Prepositional goal/contact complement. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ἀπέθανεν | cc | high | Coordinates the subsequent clause. |
| 13 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 15 τραύματος | case | high | |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA---GSN- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 τραύματος | det | high | |
| 15 | τραύματος | τραῦμα | NOUN | 名-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἀπέθανεν | obl | high | Source/cause phrase: from the wound. |
| 16 | ἡμέραις | ἡμέρα | NOUN | 名-DFP | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 ὕστερον | obl | high | Dative of time, quantified by ὕστερον. |
| 17 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | ADV | Degree=Pos | 18 ἀπέθανεν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb governing/qualifying ἡμέραις. |
| 18 | ἀπέθανεν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V2AAI3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 6 κατεάγη | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb. |
| 19 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PTCL | Polarity=Neg | 20 πολλαῖς | advmod | high | Negates πολλαῖς. |
| 20 | πολλαῖς | πολύς | ADJ | A-DFP | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 ἡμέραις | amod | high | Adjectival quantifier modifying ἡμέραις. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 κατεάγη | punct | high |
Ἠλεῖοι μὲν δὴ τὸν βοῦν ἅτε αἵματι ἔνοχον ἐβουλεύοντο ἐκκομίσαι τῆς Ἄλτεως·
ἅτε + αἵματι ἔνοχον is a causal/qualifying participial-style predication with αἵματι as the dative complement of ἔνοχος; ἐβουλεύοντο governs the complementary infinitive ἐκκομίσαι, whose object is τὸν βοῦν and whose source is τῆς Ἄλτεως.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἠλεῖοι | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | Npm | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἐβουλεύοντο | nsubj | high | Ethnic proper name functioning as the subject. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df | _ | 1 Ἠλεῖοι | discourse | high | Correlative particle; no explicit δέ in this sentence. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | Df | _ | 9 ἐβουλεύοντο | discourse | high | Emphatic/assertive particle. |
| 4 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | Dat | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐκκομίσαι | det | high | Article agreeing with βοῦν. |
| 5 | βοῦν | βοῦς | NOUN | Nams | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐκκομίσαι | obj | high | Accusative object of ἐκκομίσαι. |
| 6 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | C | _ | 8 ἔνοχον | mark | medium | Causal/qualifying connective introducing the predication ἔνοχον. |
| 7 | αἵματι | αἷμα | NOUN | Ndsn | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἔνοχον | obl | high | Dative complement with ἔνοχος, ‘liable/guilty in blood’. |
| 8 | ἔνοχον | ἔνοχος | ADJ | Ams | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐκκομίσαι | advcl | medium | Accusative predicative adjective agreeing with the understood object βοῦν; construction under ἅτε is syntactically compressed. |
| 9 | ἐβουλεύοντο | βουλεύω | VERB | V-3 Impf M Indic Pl | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb, middle voice: ‘they deliberated/resolved’. |
| 10 | ἐκκομίσαι | ἐκκομίζω | VERB | V Aor Act Inf | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 9 ἐβουλεύοντο | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive governed by ἐβουλεύοντο. |
| 11 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | Dgf | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 Ἄλτεως | det | high | Article agreeing with Ἄλτεως. |
| 12 | Ἄλτεως | Ἄλτις | PROPN | Gsf | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐκκομίσαι | obl | high | Genitive of separation/source with ἐκκομίσαι. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐβουλεύοντο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ὁ δὲ σφᾶς ὁ θεὸς ὁ ἐν Δελφοῖς κατὰ χώραν ἐᾶν τὸ ἀνάθημα καθάρσια ἔχρα ἐπʼ αὐτῷ ποιησαμένους, ὁπόσα Ἕλληνες ἐπὶ ἀκουσίῳ φόνῳ νομίζουσιν.
The transmitted text is syntactically difficult: ὁ θεός is the subject of ἐᾶν, with σφᾶς as its accusative object and ποιησαμένους as an accusative participle agreeing with the understood recipients; ἔχρα is treated cautiously as a defective/uncertain form governing καθάρσια, while the final relative clause modifies ἀκουσίῳ φόνῳ or the associated ritual practice.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | Art-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 θεὸς | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 5 θεὸς | cc | high | |
| 3 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-AAN | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 11 ἐᾶν | obj | high | Accusative plural pronoun; object of ἐᾶν. |
| 4 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | Art-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 θεὸς | det | high | |
| 5 | θεὸς | θεός | NOUN | NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἐᾶν | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | Art-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 θεὸς | det | high | Article introducing the attributive prepositional phrase. |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | Prep | _ | 8 Δελφοῖς | case | high | |
| 8 | Δελφοῖς | Δελφοί | PROPN | N-DMP | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 θεὸς | obl | high | Locative/dative with ἐν. |
| 9 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | Prep | _ | 10 χώραν | case | high | |
| 10 | χώραν | χώρα | NOUN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἐᾶν | obl | high | Adverbial accusative phrase κατὰ χώραν. |
| 11 | ἐᾶν | ἐάω | VERB | V-PAN | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Infinitival predicate. |
| 12 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | Art-ANS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἀνάθημα | det | high | |
| 13 | ἀνάθημα | ἀνάθημα | NOUN | N-ANS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἐᾶν | obj | high | Accusative object of ἐᾶν. |
| 14 | καθάρσια | καθάρσιον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 ἔχρα | obj | low | Form and syntax are uncertain; likely neuter plural ritual purifications, object of the uncertain verb ἔχρα. |
| 15 | ἔχρα | χράω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 11 ἐᾶν | conj | low | Textually/morphologically uncertain; analyzed provisionally as a third-singular present form coordinated with the infinitival construction. |
| 16 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | Prep | _ | 17 αὐτῷ | case | high | |
| 17 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DNS | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 18 ποιησαμένους | obl | high | Dative object of ἐπί; refers to the offering. |
| 18 | ποιησαμένους | ποιέω | VERB | V-AAM-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 11 ἐᾶν | advcl | high | Accusative aorist middle participle, agreeing with σφᾶς; circumstantial to ἐᾶν. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐᾶν | punct | high | |
| 20 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | DET | Rel-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 φόνῳ | det | high | Relative quantifier introducing the final clause. |
| 21 | Ἕλληνες | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 νομίζουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 22 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | Prep | _ | 24 φόνῳ | case | high | |
| 23 | ἀκουσίῳ | ἀκούσιος | ADJ | A-DNS | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 φόνῳ | amod | high | |
| 24 | φόνῳ | φόνος | NOUN | N-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 νομίζουσιν | obl | high | Dative with ἐπί, in the sense of ritual response to an involuntary killing. |
| 25 | νομίζουσιν | νομίζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 14 καθάρσια | acl:relcl | high | Relative-clause predicate; ὁπόσα is its accusative object, with antecedent understood from the ritual context. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐᾶν | punct | high |