Grammar parses for passage 5.27.3
Open translation for this passage
οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ ἵππος ὅτῳ καὶ τὸ ἱππομανὲς λόγῳ τῷ Ἠλείων ἔγκειται·
Copular clause ‘this is the horse’; the relative clause states that ἱππομανές ‘horse-madness’ lies in/attaches to it, with ὅτῳ as a relative dative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτός | οὗτος | PRON | RD-MS-NOM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 ἵππος | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular verb. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-MS-NOM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 ἵππος | det | high | |
| 4 | ἵππος | ἵππος | NOUN | N-MS-NOM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative with εἰστιν. |
| 5 | ὅτῳ | ὅστις | PRON | RI-MS-DAT | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 12 ἔγκειται | obl | medium | Relative dative, likely referring to the horse; syntactically linked with ἔγκειται. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C----- | _ | 8 ἱππομανὲς | cc | high | |
| 7 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NS-NOM | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 ἱππομανὲς | det | high | |
| 8 | ἱππομανὲς | ἱππομανής | NOUN | N-NS-NOM | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἔγκειται | nsubj | medium | Substantivized neuter adjective, ‘horse-madness’. |
| 9 | λόγῳ | λόγος | NOUN | N-MS-DAT | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἔγκειται | obl | medium | Dative of respect or manner: ‘in/according to the account’. |
| 10 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-MS-DAT | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 λόγῳ | det | high | |
| 11 | Ἠλείων | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | A-GP | Case=Gen|Number=Plur | 9 λόγῳ | nmod | high | Ethnic name used substantivally: ‘of the Eleans’. |
| 12 | ἔγκειται | ἔγκειμαι | VERB | V-PMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 4 ἵππος | acl:relcl | medium | Relative-clause predicate; the dative ὅτῳ is interpreted as its associated complement. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἐστιν | punct | high |
δῆλα δὲ καὶ ἄλλως ἐστὶν ἀνδρὸς μάγου σοφίᾳ γενέσθαι τὰ συμβαίνοντα τῷ ἵππῳ.
Impersonal ἐστίν takes the articular substantival participle τὰ συμβαίνοντα as subject and the infinitive γενέσθαι as its predicative/complementary infinitive; ἀνδρὸς μάγου is a genitive of the magus, with σοφίᾳ instrumental means, and τῷ ἵππῳ dative of reference. The construction is somewhat compressed, so the attachment of ἀνδρὸς μάγου is medium confidence.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δῆλα | δῆλος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἐστὶν | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective with impersonal ἐστίν; neuter plural agrees with τὰ συμβαίνοντα. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 ἄλλως | cc | high | Adverbial καί (‘also’), analyzed as a coordinating particle. |
| 4 | ἄλλως | ἄλλως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | advmod | high | |
| 5 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | VERB | V-P系列3S-AAI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal/copular predicate. |
| 6 | ἀνδρὸς | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 γενέσθαι | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on the infinitive phrase, likely ‘of a man’. |
| 7 | μάγου | μάγος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἀνδρὸς | nmod | high | Genitive attributive/appositional to ἀνδρός: ‘magus’. |
| 8 | σοφίᾳ | σοφία | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 γενέσθαι | obl | high | Instrumental dative of means, ‘by wisdom/skill’. |
| 9 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-ANM | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 5 ἐστὶν | xcomp | medium | Aorist middle infinitive; complementary/predicative infinitive with ἐστίν. |
| 10 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 συμβαίνοντα | det | high | |
| 11 | συμβαίνοντα | συμβαίνω | VERB | V-PAP-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 γενέσθαι | obj | medium | Articular substantive participle, ‘the things happening’; accusative as the understood object/result of γενέσθαι. |
| 12 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἵππῳ | det | high | |
| 13 | ἵππῳ | ἵππος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 συμβαίνοντα | obl | high | Dative of reference with συμβαίνοντα, ‘happening to the horse’. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | punct | high |
μέγεθος μὲν ἢ εἶδος ἵππων ἀποδεῖ πολλῷ, ὅσοι τῆς Ἄλτεως ἐντὸς ἑστήκασι, πρὸς δὲ ἀποκέκοπταί τε τὴν οὐρὰν καὶ ἔστιν ἐπὶ τῷ τοιῷδε ἔτι αἰσχίων·
The sentence has coordinated predicates ἀποκέκοπται and ἔστιν; the latter takes αἰσχίων as a predicative comparative, while the subject and the exact sense/attachment of πρὸς are partly elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μέγεθος | μέγεθος | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἀποδεῖ | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | g-------- | _ | 1 μέγεθος | discourse | high | |
| 3 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 4 εἶδος | cc | high | Coordinates μέγεθος and εἶδος. |
| 4 | εἶδος | εἶδος | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἀποδεῖ | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | ἵππων | ἵππος | NOUN | n-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 εἶδος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on εἶδος, also semantically associated with μέγεθος. |
| 6 | ἀποδεῖ | ἀποδέω | VERB | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Impersonal/elliptical construction: the horses differ/fall short by much in size or appearance. |
| 7 | πολλῷ | πολύς | ADJ | a-s---nd- | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἀποδεῖ | obl | high | Dative of degree/measure. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἀποδεῖ | punct | high | |
| 9 | ὅσοι | ὅσος | PRON | p-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἑστήκασι | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun introducing a clause modifying ἵππων. |
| 10 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | l-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 Ἄλτεως | det | high | |
| 11 | Ἄλτεως | Ἄλτις | PROPN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἐντὸς | nmod | high | Genitive object of ἐντός. |
| 12 | ἐντὸς | ἐντός | ADP | r-------- | _ | 13 ἑστήκασι | case | high | Postposition governing τῆς Ἄλτεως. |
| 13 | ἑστήκασι | ἵστημι | VERB | v3pria--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 6 ἀποδεῖ | acl:relcl | high | Perfect intransitive sense, ‘stand’; subject ὅσοι. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἑστήκασι | punct | high | |
| 15 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | r-------- | _ | 17 ἀποκέκοπταί | case | medium | Prepositional phrase is elliptical/semantically adversative; exact attachment is uncertain. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | g-------- | _ | 17 ἀποκέκοπταί | cc | high | |
| 17 | ἀποκέκοπταί | ἀποκόπτω | VERB | v3srmp--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 22 ἔστιν | conj | medium | Perfect middle/passive; likely impersonal or with omitted subject referring to the depicted horse(s). |
| 18 | τε | τε | CCONJ | g-------- | _ | 17 ἀποκέκοπταί | cc | high | |
| 19 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 οὐρὰν | det | high | |
| 20 | οὐρὰν | οὐρά | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἀποκέκοπταί | obj | high | |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 22 ἔστιν | cc | high | Coordinates ἀποκέκοπται and ἔστιν. |
| 22 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | AUX | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Second coordinated predicate; ἀποκέκοπται is coordinated with it. |
| 23 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | r-------- | _ | 27 αἰσχίων | case | high | Governs the dative phrase τῷ τοιῷδε. |
| 24 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | l-s---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 τοιῷδε | det | high | |
| 25 | τοιῷδε | τοιόσδε | ADJ | a-s---nd- | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 27 αἰσχίων | obl | high | Substantivized dative, ‘in such a condition/way’. |
| 26 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | d-------- | _ | 27 αἰσχίων | advmod | high | |
| 27 | αἰσχίων | αἰσχρός | ADJ | a-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἔστιν | xcomp | medium | Comparative predicative adjective; number reflects an implied singular subject, though the broader referent is context-dependent. |
| 28 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἔστιν | punct | high |
οἱ δὲ ἵπποι οἱ ἄρσενες οὔτι που τοῦ ἦρος μόνον ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀνὰ πᾶσαν ἐπʼ αὐτὸν ὀργῶσιν ἡμέραν.
The subject is οἱ ἵπποι οἱ ἄρσενες; οὔτι ... μόνον ἀλλὰ καὶ coordinates the temporal complements. ἀνά with πᾶσαν ... ἡμέραν is distributive ('through every day'), while ἐπʼ αὐτόν modifies ἦρος ('during that spring'); the exact scope of που is slightly uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T----NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἵπποι | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 ὀργῶσιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἵπποι | ἵππος | NOUN | N---NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ὀργῶσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T----NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἄρσενες | det | high | |
| 5 | ἄρσενες | ἄρσην | ADJ | A----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἵπποι | amod | medium | Substantivized adjective, appositional/restrictive to ἵπποι. |
| 6 | οὔτι | οὔτις | ADV | D-------- | _ | 10 μόνον | advmod | medium | Adverbial οὔτι, 'not at all'; scope with μόνον. |
| 7 | που | που | PART | X-------- | _ | 17 ὀργῶσιν | discourse | low | Indefinite/epistemic particle; syntactic attachment is uncertain. |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T----GNS | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἦρος | det | high | |
| 9 | ἦρος | ἦρ | NOUN | N---GNS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 μόνον | obl | medium | Genitive of time/duration, 'in spring'; possibly governed by an implicit temporal relation. |
| 10 | μόνον | μόνος | ADV | A----NAS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ὀργῶσιν | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative, paired with ἀλλά. |
| 11 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 ὀργῶσιν | cc | high | Introduces the second member of μόνον ... ἀλλά καί. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 ὀργῶσιν | cc | high | Correlative conjunction in μόνον ... ἀλλά καί. |
| 13 | ἀνὰ | ἀνά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 ἡμέραν | case | high | |
| 14 | πᾶσαν | πᾶς | DET | A----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἡμέραν | det | high | Universal determiner/adjective. |
| 15 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 αὐτὸν | case | high | Elided form of ἐπί. |
| 16 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 9 ἦρος | obl | high | Accusative temporal complement with ἐπί, referring to ἦρος. |
| 17 | ὀργῶσιν | ὀργάω | VERB | V3PPAS---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 18 | ἡμέραν | ἡμέρα | NOUN | N-----AFS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ὀργῶσιν | obl | high | Accusative of duration/distribution with ἀνά. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ὀργῶσιν | punct | high |