Grammar parses for passage 5.27.3
Open translation for this passage
δῆλα δὲ καὶ ἄλλως ἐστὶν ἀνδρὸς μάγου σοφίᾳ γενέσθαι τὰ συμβαίνοντα τῷ ἵππῳ.
Syntax is somewhat compressed: an impersonal copular clause with an infinitival complement, and a substantivized participle phrase whose internal relations are partially ambiguous.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δῆλα | δῆλος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἐστὶν | xcomp | medium | Likely predicate adjective with ἐστὶν; neuter plural used adverbially/predicatively. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | discourse | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 ἄλλως | advmod | medium | Adverbial/connector modifying ἄλλως. |
| 4 | ἄλλως | ἄλλως | ADV | _ | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἐστὶν. |
| 5 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main copular/root verb. |
| 6 | ἀνδρὸς | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 γενέσθαι | nsubj | medium | Genitive subject of infinitive, likely subject of γενέσθαι. |
| 7 | μάγου | μάγος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἀνδρὸς | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἀνδρός. |
| 8 | σοφίᾳ | σοφία | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 γενέσθαι | obl | high | Dative of means/means-like modifier with infinitive. |
| 9 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-ANM | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 5 ἐστὶν | csubj | high | Infinitival clause complementing impersonal ἐστὶν. |
| 10 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 συμβαίνοντα | det | high | Article modifying participle. |
| 11 | συμβαίνοντα | συμβαίνω | VERB | V-PAP-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 γενέσθαι | obj | medium | Substantivized participle, direct object/complement of γενέσθαι. |
| 12 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 ἵππῳ | det | high | Article modifying ἵππῳ. |
| 13 | ἵππῳ | ἵππος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 συμβαίνοντα | obl | high | Dative dependent of participle, likely indirect/affected participant. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
μέγεθος μὲν ἢ εἶδος ἵππων ἀποδεῖ πολλῷ, ὅσοι τῆς Ἄλτεως ἐντὸς ἑστήκασι, πρὸς δὲ ἀποκέκοπταί τε τὴν οὐρὰν καὶ ἔστιν ἐπὶ τῷ τοιῷδε ἔτι αἰσχίων·
The sentence has two coordinated predicates after ἀποδεῖ, with a relative clause modifying the first comparison set; the final αἰσχίων is predicative with ἔστιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μέγεθος | μέγεθος | NOUN | N-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἀποδεῖ | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀποδεῖ; neuter nominative/accusative form identical. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 μέγεθος | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 1 μέγεθος | cc | high | Connects μέγεθος and εἶδος in disjunction/variation. |
| 4 | εἶδος | εἶδος | NOUN | N-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 μέγεθος | conj | high | Conjunct with μέγεθος. |
| 5 | ἵππων | ἵππος | NOUN | N-P---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 μέγεθος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of μέγεθος/εἶδος. |
| 6 | ἀποδεῖ | ἀποδέω | VERB | V3SPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 7 | πολλῷ | πολύς | ADJ | A-S---ND- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἀποδεῖ | obl | medium | Dative of degree/amount modifying ἀποδεῖ. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἀποδεῖ | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | ὅσοι | ὅσος | PRON | Pk-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἑστήκασι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἑστήκασι. |
| 10 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 Ἄλτεως | det | high | Article with Ἄλτεως. |
| 11 | Ἄλτεως | Ἄλτις | PROPN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἐντὸς | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent of ἐντός. |
| 12 | ἐντὸς | ἐντός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 ἑστήκασι | case | high | Postpositive adposition with genitive complement. |
| 13 | ἑστήκασι | ἵστημι | VERB | V3PRAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 6 ἀποδεῖ | advcl | medium | Relative clause modifying the horse set. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἑστήκασι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 15 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 ἀποκέκοπταί | case | high | Introduces complement with the following predicate. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 17 ἀποκέκοπταί | discourse | high | Weak connective particle. |
| 17 | ἀποκέκοπταί | ἀποκόπτω | VERB | V3SRPI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 6 ἀποδεῖ | conj | high | Conjunct with ἀποδεῖ; perfect middle/passive form. |
| 18 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 17 ἀποκέκοπταί | cc | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 19 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 οὐρὰν | det | high | Article with οὐράν. |
| 20 | οὐρὰν | οὐρά | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἀποκέκοπταί | obj | high | Object of ἀποκέκοπται. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 22 ἔστιν | cc | high | Coordinates with ἀποκέκοπταί. |
| 22 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 17 ἀποκέκοπταί | conj | high | Conjunct with ἀποκέκοπταί. |
| 23 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 22 ἔστιν | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 24 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-S---ND- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 τοιῷδε | det | high | Article with τοιῷδε. |
| 25 | τοιῷδε | τοιοῦτος | ADJ | A-S---ND- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ἔστιν | obl | high | Oblique complement of ἐπί. |
| 26 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D--------- | _ | 27 αἰσχίων | advmod | high | Modifies αἰσχίων. |
| 27 | αἰσχίων | αἰσχίων | ADJ | A---NMC- | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ἔστιν | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective with ἔστιν; neuter singular comparative used predicatively. |
| 28 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἀποδεῖ | punct | high | Punctuation. |
οἱ δὲ ἵπποι οἱ ἄρσενες οὔτι που τοῦ ἦρος μόνον ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀνὰ πᾶσαν ἐπʼ αὐτὸν ὀργῶσιν ἡμέραν.
The syntax is fairly straightforward: the subject is ἵπποι with attributive ἄρσενες, while οὔτι που and the ἀλλὰ καὶ phrase function as adverbial modifiers; ἀνὰ πᾶσαν ἐπʼ αὐτὸν ἡμέραν is a somewhat compressed temporal/prepositional phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | ART | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 3 ἵπποι | det | high | Article modifying ἵπποι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PTCL | _ | 3 ἵπποι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἵπποι | ἵππος | NOUN | N---NP-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ὀργῶσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ὀργῶσιν. |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | ART | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 ἄρσενες | det | high | Article with adjective used attributively. |
| 5 | ἄρσενες | ἄρσην | ADJ | A---NP-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἵπποι | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying ἵπποι. |
| 6 | οὔτι | οὔτι | PART | _ | _ | 7 που | advmod | medium | Negative/limiting adverb, likely with που as a fixed-like phrase. |
| 7 | που | που | ADV | _ | _ | 17 ὀργῶσιν | advmod | medium | Approximative particle/adverb modifying the main verb. |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | ART | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 ἦρος | det | high | Article with ἦρος. |
| 9 | ἦρος | ἦρ | NOUN | N---GS-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 μόνον | obl | medium | Genitive temporal phrase; governing relation somewhat uncertain. |
| 10 | μόνον | μόνον | ADV | D--------- | _ | 17 ὀργῶσιν | advmod | high | Restrictive adverb with the clause. |
| 11 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | COO | _ | 10 μόνον | cc | high | Correlative conjunction with μόνον. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | COO | _ | 13 ἀνὰ | cc | high | Connects the coordinated phrase introduced by ἀλλά. |
| 13 | ἀνὰ | ἀνά | ADP | R--------- | _ | 17 ὀργῶσιν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 14 | πᾶσαν | πᾶς | ADJ | A---ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἡμέραν | amod | high | Modifies ἡμέραν. |
| 15 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R--------- | _ | 17 ὀργῶσιν | case | high | Preposition, here introducing αὐτὸν. |
| 16 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P---ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 17 ὀργῶσιν | obl | medium | Likely governed by ἐπί. |
| 17 | ὀργῶσιν | ὀργόω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb; form may reflect present indicative 3pl. |
| 18 | ἡμέραν | ἡμέρα | NOUN | N---ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ὀργῶσιν | obl | high | Temporal accusative governed by the verb/preposition phrase. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ὀργῶσιν | punct | high | Sentence-ending punctuation. |