Grammar parses for passage 5.3.5
Open translation for this passage
καὶ ἐπὶ Ἠλείου βασιλεύοντος ἐν Ἤλιδι, τηνικαῦτα ὁ Δωριέων στόλος σὺν τοῖς Ἀριστομάχου παισὶν ἠθροίζετο ἐπὶ καθόδῳ τῇ ἐς Πελοπόννησον.
The opening ἐπὶ Ἠλείου βασιλεύοντος ἐν Ἤλιδι is a genitive absolute; ἐπὶ καθόδῳ τῇ ἐς Πελοπόννησον denotes the intended return/destination.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ἠθροίζετο | cc | high | |
| 2 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 βασιλεύοντος | case | high | Introduces genitive absolute. |
| 3 | Ἠλείου | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | N-g---sg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 βασιλεύοντος | nsubj | medium | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 4 | βασιλεύοντος | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-PAP-GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 ἠθροίζετο | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with Ἠλείου. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 Ἤλιδι | case | high | |
| 6 | Ἤλιδι | Ἦλις | PROPN | N-g---sd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 βασιλεύοντος | obl | high | Locative complement of βασιλεύοντος. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἠθροίζετο | punct | high | |
| 8 | τηνικαῦτα | τηνικαῦτα | ADV | ADV | _ | 16 ἠθροίζετο | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 9 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T----NSM- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 στόλος | det | high | |
| 10 | Δωριέων | Δωριεύς | PROPN | N-g---pn- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 στόλος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on στόλος. |
| 11 | στόλος | στόλος | NOUN | N-n---ns- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἠθροίζετο | nsubj | high | |
| 12 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | PREP | _ | 15 παισὶν | case | high | |
| 13 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T----DPM- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 παισὶν | det | high | |
| 14 | Ἀριστομάχου | Ἀριστόμαχος | PROPN | N-g---sm- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 παισὶν | nmod | high | Dependent genitive: children of Aristomachus. |
| 15 | παισὶν | παῖς | NOUN | N---DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἠθροίζετο | obl | high | Comitative phrase with σύν. |
| 16 | ἠθροίζετο | ἀθροίζω | VERB | V-IIM-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 17 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 καθόδῳ | case | high | Introduces purpose/destination nominal. |
| 18 | καθόδῳ | κάθοδος | NOUN | N---DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἠθροίζετο | obl | high | Purpose or occasion of assembling. |
| 19 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T----DSF- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 καθόδῳ | det | high | |
| 20 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 21 Πελοπόννησον | case | high | |
| 21 | Πελοπόννησον | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | N----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 καθόδῳ | nmod | high | Destination of the return, modifying καθόδῳ. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἠθροίζετο | punct | high |
ἀποροῦσι δέ σφισιν ὅ τι ὁ χρησμὸς ἐθέλοι συνέτυχεν ἐλαύνων ἀνὴρ ἡμίονον, ὁ δὲ ἕτερος διέφθαρτο τῷ ἡμιόνῳ τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν·
The sentence is syntactically difficult: ὅ τι introduces the object/content of ἀποροῦσι, while ἐθέλοι is an optative in indirect question; συνέτυχεν governs the participial description ἐλαύνων ἀνήρ ἡμίονον. The final clause means that the other man had been blinded in the eyes by the mule; some attachment details remain uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀποροῦσι | ἀπορέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἀποροῦσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-DPM | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 1 ἀποροῦσι | iobj | high | Epic/older third-person plural dative form. |
| 4 | ὅ | ὅς | PRON | P-SNA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἐθέλοι | mark | medium | With τι, forms the indefinite/interrogative expression ὅ τι; syntactic attachment is difficult. |
| 5 | τι | τις | PRON | P-SNA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ὅ | fixed | medium | Together with ὅ, introduces the indirect question/content clause. |
| 6 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 χρησμὸς | det | high | |
| 7 | χρησμὸς | χρησμός | NOUN | N-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐθέλοι | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | ἐθέλοι | ἐθέλω | VERB | V-OAI-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 ἀποροῦσι | ccomp | medium | Optative in an indirect question; subject is χρησμός. |
| 9 | συνέτυχεν | συντυγχάνω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 1 ἀποροῦσι | parataxis | medium | Coordinated narrative verb; exact relation to the preceding indirect question is uncertain. |
| 10 | ἐλαύνων | ἐλαύνω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 συνέτυχεν | advcl | medium | Circumstantial/agreed participle describing the man. |
| 11 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐλαύνων | nsubj | high | |
| 12 | ἡμίονον | ἡμίονος | NOUN | N-SAF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐλαύνων | obj | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 συνέτυχεν | punct | high | |
| 14 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἕτερος | det | high | |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 διέφθαρτο | cc | high | |
| 16 | ἕτερος | ἕτερος | PRON | A-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 διέφθαρτο | nsubj | high | Substantivized adjective/pronoun: the other (man). |
| 17 | διέφθαρτο | διαφθείρω | VERB | V-LMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pluperf|Voice=Mid | 9 συνέτυχεν | conj | high | Pluperfect middle/passive; context favors a resultant passive sense, ‘had been ruined/blinded’. |
| 18 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-SDM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἡμιόνῳ | det | high | |
| 19 | ἡμιόνῳ | ἡμίονος | NOUN | N-SDM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 διέφθαρτο | obl | medium | Dative of instrument or agency: by/through the mule. |
| 20 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 ὀφθαλμῶν | det | high | |
| 21 | ὀφθαλμῶν | ὀφθαλμός | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 διέφθαρτο | obl | medium | Genitive of respect/part affected: in respect of the eyes. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀποροῦσι | punct | high |