Grammar parses for passage 5.4.3
Open translation for this passage
λέγεται δὲ ὡς καὶ τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ἐκ τῶν κωμῶν, ὅσοι τοῦ τείχους οὐ πολὺ ἀφεστήκεσαν, κατελθεῖν ἔπεισεν ἐς τὴν πόλιν καὶ πλήθει τε οἰκητόρων καὶ μείζονα καὶ εὐδαιμονεστέραν ἐς τὰ ἄλλα ἀπέφηνε τὴν Ἦλιν.
ὡς introduces the reported content; λέγεται is impersonal/passive, while ἔπεισεν is the finite verb of the embedded report with κατελθεῖν as its infinitival complement and ἀπέφηνε coordinated with it. ὅσοι is a relative subject referring to τοὺς ἀνθρώπους; μείζονα and εὐδαιμονεστέραν are coordinated predicative accusatives with Ἦλιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγεται | λέγω | VERB | V-PII-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal passive reporting verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 λέγεται | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 ἔπεισεν | mark | high | Introduces reported content. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἀνθρώπους | advmod | medium | Adverbial καί, ‘also’. |
| 5 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἀνθρώπους | det | high | |
| 6 | ἀνθρώπους | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἔπεισεν | obj | high | Object of ἔπεισεν. |
| 7 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 κωμῶν | case | high | |
| 8 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 κωμῶν | det | high | |
| 9 | κωμῶν | κώμη | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 ἀνθρώπους | obl | high | Source/from which the people came. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 9 κωμῶν | punct | high | |
| 11 | ὅσοι | ὅσος | PRON | P-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἀφεστήκεσαν | nsubj | high | Relative subject, referring to ἀνθρώπους. |
| 12 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 τείχους | det | high | |
| 13 | τείχους | τεῖχος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἀφεστήκεσαν | obl | high | Genitive with ἀφέστησαν. |
| 14 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 16 ἀφεστήκεσαν | advmod | high | |
| 15 | πολὺ | πολύς | ADV | ADV | _ | 16 ἀφεστήκεσαν | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative modifying ἀφεστήκεσαν. |
| 16 | ἀφεστήκεσαν | ἀφίστημι | VERB | V-LAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 6 ἀνθρώπους | acl:relcl | high | Relative-clause predicate. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 16 ἀφεστήκεσαν | punct | high | |
| 18 | κατελθεῖν | κατέρχομαι | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 19 ἔπεισεν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἔπεισεν. |
| 19 | ἔπεισεν | πείθω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 3 ὡς | ccomp | high | Finite predicate of the ὡς-clause. |
| 20 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 22 πόλιν | case | high | |
| 21 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 πόλιν | det | high | |
| 22 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 κατελθεῖν | obl | high | Goal of κατελθεῖν. |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 34 ἀπέφηνε | cc | high | Coordinates ἔπεισεν and ἀπέφηνε. |
| 24 | πλήθει | πλῆθος | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 34 ἀπέφηνε | obl | medium | Dative of means or respect with ἀπέφηνε. |
| 25 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 πλήθει | cc | high | Correlative conjunction. |
| 26 | οἰκητόρων | οἰκήτωρ | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 πλήθει | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on πλήθει. |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 28 μείζονα | cc | high | Coordinates predicative adjectives. |
| 28 | μείζονα | μέγας | ADJ | A-ASM-C | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 34 ἀπέφηνε | xcomp | high | Predicative accusative adjective agreeing with Ἦλιν. |
| 29 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 30 εὐδαιμονεστέραν | cc | high | Coordinates predicative adjectives. |
| 30 | εὐδαιμονεστέραν | εὐδαίμων | ADJ | A-ASF-C | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 μείζονα | conj | high | Predicative accusative adjective, coordinated with μείζονα. |
| 31 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 33 ἄλλα | case | high | |
| 32 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 33 ἄλλα | det | high | |
| 33 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 30 εὐδαιμονεστέραν | obl | high | Adverbial phrase, ‘in other respects’. |
| 34 | ἀπέφηνε | ἀποφαίνω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 19 ἔπεισεν | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb; subject is implicit and shared. |
| 35 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 36 Ἦλιν | det | high | |
| 36 | Ἦλιν | Ἦλις | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 34 ἀπέφηνε | obj | high | Object and accusative subject/predicate frame of ἀπέφηνε. |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 λέγεται | punct | high |
ἀφίκετο δὲ αὐτῷ καὶ ἐκ Δελφῶν χρησμός, τὸν Πελοπίδην ἐπάγεσθαι συνοικιστήν·
The nominative χρησμός is the subject of ἀφίκετο; τὸν Πελοπίδην is the accusative subject of the content infinitive ἐπάγεσθαι, with συνοικιστήν as its predicative complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀφίκετο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-3-SMI- ind | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 7 χρησμός | conj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἀφίκετο | cc | high | |
| 3 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-D3MS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 1 ἀφίκετο | iobj | high | Dative recipient/possessor with ἀφίκετο. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 χρησμός | cc | high | |
| 5 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 Δελφῶν | case | high | |
| 6 | Δελφῶν | Δελφοί | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Proper=Yes | 7 χρησμός | obl | high | Source/place complement of χρησμός. |
| 7 | χρησμός | χρησμός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Subject of ἀφίκετο; the following infinitive clause is its content. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 χρησμός | punct | high | |
| 9 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 Πελοπίδην | det | high | |
| 10 | Πελοπίδην | Πελοπίδης | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Proper=Yes | 11 ἐπάγεσθαι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 11 | ἐπάγεσθαι | ἐπάγω | VERB | V-PNM- ind | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 7 χρησμός | ccomp | high | Content infinitive dependent on χρησμός. |
| 12 | συνοικιστήν | συνοικιστής | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἐπάγεσθαι | obj | high | Predicate/object complement with ἐπάγεσθαι, agreeing with the accusative Πελοπίδην. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 χρησμός | punct | high |
Ὄξυλος δὲ τὴν ζήτησιν ἐποιεῖτο σπουδῇ καὶ ἀναζητῶν εὗρεν Ἀγώριον τὸν Δαμασίου τοῦ Πενθίλου τοῦ Ὀρέστου, καὶ αὐτόν τε ἐξ Ἑλίκης τῆς Ἀχαιῶν καὶ σὺν τῷ Ἀγωρίῳ μοῖραν τῶν Ἀχαιῶν ἐπηγάγετο οὐ πολλήν.
The sentence coordinates εὗρεν and ἐπηγάγετο; ἀναζητῶν is a circumstantial participle, and the genitives after Ἀγώριον form a patronymic/ancestral identification chain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ὄξυλος | Ὄξυλος | PROPN | NeMSNom | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐποιεῖτο | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 5 ἐποιεῖτο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Sd-f-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ζήτησιν | det | high | |
| 4 | ζήτησιν | ζήτησις | NOUN | Nf-A-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐποιεῖτο | obj | high | |
| 5 | ἐποιεῖτο | ποιέω | VERB | V- Impf-MedInd-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Middle voice: conducted/pursued. |
| 6 | σπουδῇ | σπουδή | NOUN | Nf-D-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐποιεῖτο | obl | high | Dative of manner. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 8 ἀναζητῶν | cc | high | |
| 8 | ἀναζητῶν | ἀναζητέω | VERB | V-PresActPtc-NomMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 εὗρεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle sharing subject with Ὄξυλος. |
| 9 | εὗρεν | εὑρίσκω | VERB | V-AorActInd-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 5 ἐποιεῖτο | conj | high | Coordinated with ἐποιεῖτο. |
| 10 | Ἀγώριον | Ἀγώριος | PROPN | NeMSAcc | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 εὗρεν | obj | high | |
| 11 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | Sd-m-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Δαμασίου | det | high | |
| 12 | Δαμασίου | Δαμασίας | PROPN | NeMSGen | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Ἀγώριον | appos | medium | Patronymic/genitive identification; syntactically linked to Ἀγώριον through its article. |
| 13 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | Sd-m-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Πενθίλου | det | high | |
| 14 | Πενθίλου | Πένθιλος | PROPN | NeMSGen | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Δαμασίου | nmod | high | Genitive chain. |
| 15 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | Sd-m-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 Ὀρέστου | det | high | |
| 16 | Ὀρέστου | Ὀρέστης | PROPN | NeMSGen | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Πενθίλου | nmod | high | Genitive chain. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 εὗρεν | punct | high | |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 32 ἐπηγάγετο | cc | high | Coordinates the second predicate. |
| 19 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | Pp3msa | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 32 ἐπηγάγετο | obj | high | First object of ἐπηγάγετο. |
| 20 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C | _ | 19 αὐτόν | cc | high | Correlative enclitic, linking αὐτόν with μοῖραν. |
| 21 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R | _ | 22 Ἑλίκης | case | high | |
| 22 | Ἑλίκης | Ἑλίκη | PROPN | NeFSGen | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 αὐτόν | nmod | high | Source/place adjunct with αὐτόν. |
| 23 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | Sd-f-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 Ἑλίκης | det | high | |
| 24 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | NeMPGen | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 Ἑλίκης | nmod | high | Ethnic genitive modifying Ἑλίκη. |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 26 σὺν | cc | high | |
| 26 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | R | _ | 28 Ἀγωρίῳ | case | high | |
| 27 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | Sd-m-D | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 Ἀγωρίῳ | det | high | |
| 28 | Ἀγωρίῳ | Ἀγώριος | PROPN | NeMSDat | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 ἐπηγάγετο | obl | high | Accompaniment adjunct with σύν. |
| 29 | μοῖραν | μοῖρα | NOUN | Nf-A-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 ἐπηγάγετο | obj | high | Second coordinated object of ἐπηγάγετο. |
| 30 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | Sd-m-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 31 Ἀχαιῶν | det | high | |
| 31 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | NeMPGen | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 μοῖραν | nmod | high | Partitive genitive with μοῖραν. |
| 32 | ἐπηγάγετο | ἐπάγω | VERB | V-Aor-MedInd-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 9 εὗρεν | conj | high | Middle voice, coordinated with εὗρεν. |
| 33 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D | Polarity=Neg | 34 πολλήν | advmod | high | |
| 34 | πολλήν | πολύς | ADJ | A-f-A-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 μοῖραν | amod | high | Predicative/attributive adjective modifying μοῖραν. |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 32 ἐπηγάγετο | punct | high |