Grammar parses for passage 5.4.6
Open translation for this passage
τῷ δὲ Ἰφίτῳ, φθειρομένης τότε δὴ μάλιστα τῆς Ἑλλάδος ὑπὸ ἐμφυλίων στάσεων καὶ ὑπὸ νόσου λοιμώδους, ἐπῆλθεν αἰτῆσαι τὸν ἐν Δελφοῖς θεὸν λύσιν τῶν κακῶν·
The dative τῷ Ἰφίτῳ is the experiencer/subject-like complement of ἐπῆλθεν; φθειρομένης ... is a genitive absolute. αἰτῆσαι is an infinitival complement of ἐπῆλθεν, with θεὸν as its accusative object and λύσιν as the requested object/predicative accusative; ἐν Δελφοῖς modifies θεόν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | DAms | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Ἰφίτῳ | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 ἐπῆλθεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἰφίτῳ | Ἰφιτος | PROPN | Ne-Dm-s | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἐπῆλθεν | iobj | medium | Dative experiencer/recipient-like argument of ἐπῆλθεν. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἐπῆλθεν | punct | high | |
| 5 | φθειρομένης | φθείρω | VERB | V-PMP-Gfs | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 19 ἐπῆλθεν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute; understood subject is τῆς Ἑλλάδος. |
| 6 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D-------- | _ | 5 φθειρομένης | advmod | high | |
| 7 | δὴ | δή | PART | X-------- | _ | 8 μάλιστα | advmod | high | |
| 8 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Sup | 5 φθειρομένης | advmod | high | |
| 9 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | DAfs | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 Ἑλλάδος | det | high | |
| 10 | Ἑλλάδος | Ἑλλάς | PROPN | Ne-Gf-s | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 φθειρομένης | nsubj | high | Genitive-absolutive subject. |
| 11 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 στάσεων | case | high | |
| 12 | ἐμφυλίων | ἐμφύλιος | ADJ | A--Gpf | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 13 στάσεων | amod | high | Substantivized adjective. |
| 13 | στάσεων | στάσις | NOUN | N-Gpf | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 φθειρομένης | obl | high | Agent/cause with ὑπό. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 ὑπὸ | cc | high | |
| 15 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 νόσου | case | high | |
| 16 | νόσου | νόσος | NOUN | N-Gfs | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 φθειρομένης | obl | high | Coordinated cause/agent with ὑπό. |
| 17 | λοιμώδους | λοιμώδης | ADJ | A--Gfs | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 νόσου | amod | high | |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἐπῆλθεν | punct | high | |
| 19 | ἐπῆλθεν | ἔπειμι | VERB | V-2AAI-3s | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | In context, impersonal/experiential construction: ‘it occurred to Iphitus’. |
| 20 | αἰτῆσαι | αἰτέω | VERB | V--AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 19 ἐπῆλθεν | xcomp | high | |
| 21 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | DAms | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 θεὸν | det | high | |
| 22 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 23 Δελφοῖς | case | high | |
| 23 | Δελφοῖς | Δελφοί | PROPN | Ne-Lp | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 θεὸν | obl | high | Locative dative with ἐν. |
| 24 | θεὸν | θεός | NOUN | N-Ams | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 αἰτῆσαι | obj | high | Accusative object of αἰτῆσαι. |
| 25 | λύσιν | λύσις | NOUN | N-Afs | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 αἰτῆσαι | obj | medium | Second accusative with αἰτέω, the thing requested. |
| 26 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | DApg | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 27 κακῶν | det | high | |
| 27 | κακῶν | κακός | NOUN | A--Gpn | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 λύσιν | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective, genitive dependent on λύσιν. |
| 28 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἐπῆλθεν | punct | high |
καί οἱ προσταχθῆναί φασιν ὑπὸ τῆς Πυθίας ὡς αὐτόν τε Ἴφιτον δέοι καὶ Ἠλείους τὸν Ὀλυμπικὸν ἀγῶνα ἀνανεώσασθαι.
Infinitive προσταχθῆναι is the accusative-and-infinitive subject of φασιν, with an implied personal subject; ὡς introduces the content of the command, with δέοι governing the coordinated accusative subjects Ἴφιτον and Ἠλείους and the infinitive ἀνανεώσασθαι. The form οἱ is read as the article/pronominal subject of φασιν; syntactic attachment is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καί | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 φασιν | cc | medium | |
| 2 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | RA | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 φασιν | nsubj | medium | Article used substantivally; could represent an implicit named subject. |
| 3 | προσταχθῆναί | προστάσσω | VERB | V- -AIP | Case=Acc|Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 4 φασιν | csubj | high | |
| 4 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V- -PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 Πυθίας | case | high | |
| 6 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Πυθίας | det | high | |
| 7 | Πυθίας | Πυθία | PROPN | N- -GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 προσταχθῆναί | obl:agent | high | |
| 8 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 δέοι | mark | high | Introduces the content clause dependent on προσταχθῆναι. |
| 9 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | RP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 δέοι | obj | high | Correlative accusative subject of δέοι, with τε coordinating it with Ἴφιτον. |
| 10 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 Ἴφιτον | cc | high | |
| 11 | Ἴφιτον | Ἶφις | PROPN | N- -AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 δέοι | obj | high | Accusative subject of δέοι; proper-name accentuation/lemma conventionalized. |
| 12 | δέοι | δέω | VERB | V- -PAO-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 προσταχθῆναί | ccomp | high | Impersonal δεῖ in optative form, likely oblique/indirect discourse. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 Ἠλείους | cc | high | |
| 14 | Ἠλείους | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | N- -AMP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 δέοι | obj | high | Coordinated accusative subject of impersonal δέοι. |
| 15 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἀγῶνα | det | high | |
| 16 | Ὀλυμπικὸν | Ὀλυμπικός | ADJ | A- -AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἀγῶνα | amod | high | |
| 17 | ἀγῶνα | ἀγών | NOUN | N- -AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἀνανεώσασθαι | obj | high | Accusative object of ἀνανεώσασθαι. |
| 18 | ἀνανεώσασθαι | ἀνανεόω | VERB | V- -AMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 12 δέοι | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of impersonal δέοι. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 φασιν | punct | high |
ἔπεισε δὲ Ἠλείους Ἴφιτος καὶ Ἡρακλεῖ θύειν, τὸ πρὸ τούτου πολέμιόν σφισιν Ἡρακλέα εἶναι νομίζοντας.
Ἴφιτος is the subject of ἔπεισε and the understood subject of θύειν; the accusative-and-infinitive construction after νομίζοντας is embedded in the participial phrase, with Ἡρακλέα as predicate accusative and πολέμιον agreeing with it. The dative Ἡρακλεῖ is the sacrificial recipient.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔπεισε | πείθω | VERB | V-3IAI-S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 1 ἔπεισε | cc | high | |
| 3 | Ἠλείους | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἔπεισε | obj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 4 | Ἴφιτος | Ἴφιτος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἔπεισε | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 6 Ἡρακλεῖ | cc | high | Coordinates the two datival recipients. |
| 6 | Ἡρακλεῖ | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 θύειν | obl | high | Dative of the deity receiving sacrifice. |
| 7 | θύειν | θύω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 ἔπεισε | xcomp | high | Infinitive complementary to πείθω; understood subject is Ἠλείους. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔπεισε | punct | high | |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 πολέμιόν | det | high | Article substantively marks the temporal phrase πρὸ τούτου. |
| 10 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | P | _ | 11 τούτου | case | high | |
| 11 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | D-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 πρὸ | obl | high | Genitive complement of πρό. |
| 12 | πολέμιόν | πολέμιος | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 Ἡρακλέα | amod | high | Predicate adjective agreeing with the neuter article phrase τὸ πρὸ τούτου. |
| 13 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-D3P | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 14 Ἡρακλέα | obl | high | Dative of relation: hostile to them. |
| 14 | Ἡρακλέα | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative in the accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 15 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 16 νομίζοντας | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by νομίζοντας. |
| 16 | νομίζοντας | νομίζω | VERB | V-PAP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 ἔπεισε | advcl | high | Accusative plural participle, with implied subject Ἠλείους; governs εἶναι. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔπεισε | punct | high |
τὸν δὲ Ἴφιτον τὸ ἐπίγραμμα τὸ ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ φησὶν Αἴμονος παῖδα εἶναι, Ἑλλήνων δὲ οἱ πολλοὶ Πραξωνίδου καὶ οὐχ Αἴμονος εἶναί φασι·
The sentence contrasts the inscription’s report that Iphitus was son of Aemon with the majority of Greeks’ assertion that he was son of Praxonides, with οἱ πολλοί as the subject of φασι and the coordinated infinitives as its complements.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | DA-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 Ἴφιτον | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 φησὶν | cc | high | |
| 3 | Ἴφιτον | Ἴφιτος | PROPN | NP-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 φησὶν | obj | high | Object/topic of φησίν. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | DA-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ἐπίγραμμα | det | high | |
| 5 | ἐπίγραμμα | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | NB-S---NA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 φησὶν | nsubj | high | Subject of φησίν; article is formally accusative/neuter but the noun is nominative as subject. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | DA-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ἐπίγραμμα | det | high | Second article in the repeated attributive phrase. |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | |
| 8 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | NE-S---FA- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐπίγραμμα | nmod | high | Locative modifier of ἐπίγραμμα. |
| 9 | φησὶν | φημί | VERB | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | Αἴμονος | Αἴμων | PROPN | NP-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 παῖδα | nmod:poss | high | Possessive/genitival complement of παῖδα. |
| 11 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | NB-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative with εἶναι. |
| 12 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--------N- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 9 φησὶν | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of φησίν. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 φησὶν | punct | high | |
| 14 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | PROPN | NP-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 πολλοὶ | nmod | high | Partitive genitive with οἱ πολλοί. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 φασι | cc | high | |
| 16 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | DA-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 17 πολλοὶ | det | high | Article substantivizing πολλοί. |
| 17 | πολλοὶ | πολύς | ADJ | A-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 φασι | nsubj | high | Substantivized subject of φασι. |
| 18 | Πραξωνίδου | Πραξωνίδης | PROPN | NP-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 παῖδα | nmod:poss | high | Possessive/genitival complement of the elided/coordinated predicate παῖδα. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 εἶναί | cc | high | Coordinates the two infinitival predicates/complements. |
| 20 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 22 εἶναί | advmod | high | |
| 21 | Αἴμονος | Αἴμων | PROPN | NP-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 παῖδα | nmod:poss | high | Genitive in the coordinated alternative parentage phrase. |
| 22 | εἶναί | εἰμί | AUX | V--------N- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 23 φασι | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of φασι; παῖδα is understood from the first infinitive. |
| 23 | φασι | φημί | VERB | V3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 φησὶν | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb contrasting with φησίν. |
| 24 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 φησὶν | punct | high |
τὰ δὲ Ἠλείων γράμματα ἀρχαῖα ἐς πατέρα ὁμώνυμον ἀνῆγε τὸν Ἴφιτον.
The neuter plural subject τὰ ... γράμματα is fronted; ἀνῆγε takes τὸν Ἴφιτον as its accusative object, with ἐς πατέρα ὁμώνυμον expressing the endpoint/reference of the attribution. Ἠλείων is a dependent genitive; ἀρχαῖα agrees with γράμματα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-.NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 γράμματα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἀνῆγε | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἠλείων | Ἠλεῖος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 γράμματα | nmod | medium | Ethnic adjective used substantivally: 'of the Eleans'. |
| 4 | γράμματα | γράμμα | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἀνῆγε | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | ἀρχαῖα | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 γράμματα | amod | high | |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 πατέρα | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 7 | πατέρα | πατήρ | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἀνῆγε | obl | medium | Prepositional endpoint/reference complement. |
| 8 | ὁμώνυμον | ὁμώνυμος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 πατέρα | amod | high | |
| 9 | ἀνῆγε | ἀνάγω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Aspect=Imperfective|Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Ἴφιτον | det | high | |
| 11 | Ἴφιτον | Ἴφιτος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἀνῆγε | obj | high | Proper name; accusative object of ἀνῆγε. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἀνῆγε | punct | high |