Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 5.6.2

← 5.6.1 5.6.3 →

Passage 5.6.2

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed

70Greek tokens

2,338input tokens

4,855output tokens

Sentence 1

5.6.2 sentence 1

Tokens: 49
Input: 1,071
Output: 3,439
Total: 4,510

τὰ δὲ ἐρείπια τὰ Ἀρήνης σαφῶς μὲν οὔτε Μεσσηνίων εἶχεν οὐδεὶς οὔτε Ἠλείων ἀποφῆναί μοι· διάφορα δὲ ὑπὲρ αὐτῆς καὶ οὐ κατὰ ταὐτὰ πάρεστι τοῖς ἐθέλουσιν εἰκάζειν, πιθανώτατα δὲ ἐφαίνοντό μοι λέγειν οἱ τὸ Σαμικὸν τὰ παλαιότερα ἔτι καὶ τὰ ἐπὶ τῶν ἡρώων Ἀρήνην καλεῖσθαι νομίζοντες.

The syntax is heavily embedded with two main finite verbs (εἶχεν, πάρεστι) before a final clause headed by ἐφαίνοντό; the last participial phrase (νομίζοντες) contains an infinitival quotation/complement and is the main source of ambiguity.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τὰ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	3 ἐρείπια	det	high	Article modifying ἐρείπια.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	3 ἐρείπια	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἐρείπια	ἐρείπιον	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	10 εἶχεν	obj	high	Object of εἶχεν.
4	τὰ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	5 Ἀρήνης	det	high	Article with proper-name genitive.
5	Ἀρήνης	Ἀρήνη	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	3 ἐρείπια	nmod	high	Genitive modifier of ἐρείπια.
6	σαφῶς	σαφῶς	ADV	_	_	10 εἶχεν	advmod	high	Modifies εἶχεν.
7	μὲν	μέν	PART	_	_	10 εἶχεν	discourse	high	Correlative marker.
8	οὔτε	οὔτε	CCONJ	_	_	9 Μεσσηνίων	cc	high	Part of coordination.
9	Μεσσηνίων	Μεσσήνιος	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	10 εἶχεν	nsubj	medium	Likely subject of εἶχεν in genitive after negated construction; uncertain.
10	εἶχεν	ἔχω	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb of first clause.
11	οὐδεὶς	οὐδείς	PRON	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 ἀποφῆναί	nsubj	high	Subject of ἀποφῆναί.
12	οὔτε	οὔτε	CCONJ	_	_	13 Ἠλείων	cc	high	Correlative coordinator.
13	Ἠλείων	Ἠλεῖος	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	14 ἀποφῆναί	nmod	medium	Genitive coordinated with Μεσσηνίων; likely subject-like.
14	ἀποφῆναί	ἀποφαίνω	VERB	_	Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	10 εἶχεν	xcomp	high	Complementary infinitive with εἶχεν.
15	μοι	ἐγώ	PRON	_	Case=Dat\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs	14 ἀποφῆναί	iobj	high	Dative of reference with infinitive.
16	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	10 εἶχεν	punct	high	Punctuation.
17	διάφορα	διάφορος	ADJ	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	25 πάρεστι	nsubj	high	Predicate-like subject of πάρεστι.
18	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	25 πάρεστι	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
19	ὑπὲρ	ὑπέρ	ADP	_	Case=Gen	20 αὐτῆς	case	high	Preposition governing αὐτῆς.
20	αὐτῆς	αὐτός	PRON	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	17 διάφορα	nmod	high	Object of ὑπέρ.
21	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	22 οὐ	cc	high	Coordinates negatives.
22	οὐ	οὐ	PART	_	_	25 πάρεστι	advmod	high	Negation.
23	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	_	Case=Acc	24 ταὐτὰ	case	high	Preposition governing ταὐτὰ.
24	ταὐτὰ	αὐτός	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Dem	25 πάρεστι	obl	medium	Likely adverbial phrase with κατά; form from ταὐτά.
25	πάρεστι	πάρειμι	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb of second clause.
26	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	27 ἐθέλουσιν	det	high	Article with participle.
27	ἐθέλουσιν	ἐθέλω	VERB	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	25 πάρεστι	obl	high	Dative participial phrase dependent on πάρεστι.
28	εἰκάζειν	εἰκάζω	VERB	_	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	27 ἐθέλουσιν	xcomp	high	Complement of ἐθέλουσιν.
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	25 πάρεστι	punct	high	Punctuation.
30	πιθανώτατα	πιθανός	ADJ	_	Case=Nom\|Degree=Sup\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	32 ἐφαίνοντό	advmod	medium	Superlative used adverbially/predicatively; morphology approximate.
31	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	32 ἐφαίνοντό	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
32	ἐφαίνοντό	φαίνομαι	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Root of final clause.
33	μοι	ἐγώ	PRON	_	Case=Dat\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs	32 ἐφαίνοντό	iobj	high	Dative of opinion/perception.
34	λέγειν	λέγω	VERB	_	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	32 ἐφαίνοντό	xcomp	high	Complementary infinitive.
35	οἱ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	48 νομίζοντες	det	high	Article substantivizing participle.
36	τὸ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	37 Σαμικὸν	det	high	Article with adjective/noun.
37	Σαμικὸν	Σαμικός	ADJ	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	48 νομίζοντες	obj	medium	Substantivized adjective, object of νομίζοντες.
38	τὰ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	39 παλαιότερα	det	high	Article with comparative adjective.
39	παλαιότερα	παλαιός	ADJ	_	Case=Acc\|Degree=Cmp\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	48 νομίζοντες	obj	medium	Probably object of implied infinitive in quotation/complement; analysis uncertain.
40	ἔτι	ἔτι	ADV	_	_	48 νομίζοντες	advmod	high	Adverb modifying participle/verb.
41	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	42 τὰ	cc	high	Coordinates objects.
42	τὰ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	47 καλεῖσθαι	det	high	Article with infinitive phrase object.
43	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	_	Case=Gen	45 ἡρώων	case	high	Preposition governing τῶν ἡρώων.
44	τῶν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	45 ἡρώων	det	high	Article with ἡρώων.
45	ἡρώων	ἥρως	NOUN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	47 καλεῖσθαι	obl	high	Object of ἐπί.
46	Ἀρήνην	Ἀρήνη	PROPN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	47 καλεῖσθαι	obj	high	Infinitival complement object of καλεῖσθαι.
47	καλεῖσθαι	καλέω	VERB	_	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Mid	48 νομίζοντες	xcomp	high	Complement of νομίζοντες.
48	νομίζοντες	νομίζω	VERB	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	32 ἐφαίνοντό	nsubj	high	Participial subject of ἐφαίνοντό.
49	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	32 ἐφαίνοντό	punct	high	Punctuation.

Sentence 3

5.6.2 sentence 3

Tokens: 11
Input: 663
Output: 849
Total: 1,512

ἔστι δέ τις ποταμὸς Μινυήιος εἰς ἅλα βάλλων ἐγγύθεν Ἀρήνης.

The main clause is existential, with a participial phrase ποταμὸς ... βάλλων; ἐγγύθεν Ἀρήνης is best taken as an adverbial/genitival locality expression modifying the participle.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἔστι	εἰμί	VERB	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main copular/existential verb.
2	δέ	δέ	PART	PCL	_	1 ἔστι	discourse	high	Postpositive connective particle.
3	τις	τις	PRON	P-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Ind	4 ποταμὸς	det	high	Indefinite pronoun modifying ποταμός.
4	ποταμὸς	ποταμός	NOUN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	1 ἔστι	nsubj	high	Subject of ἔστι.
5	Μινυήιος	Μινυήιος	ADJ	A-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 ποταμὸς	amod	high	Attributive adjective modifying ποταμός.
6	εἰς	εἰς	ADP	R-	_	7 ἅλα	case	high	Preposition governing ἅλα.
7	ἅλα	ἅλς	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 βάλλων	obl	high	Prepositional object of βάλλων.
8	βάλλων	βάλλω	VERB	V-PAP-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	4 ποταμὸς	acl	high	Present participle modifying ποταμός.
9	ἐγγύθεν	ἐγγύθεν	ADV	D	_	8 βάλλων	advmod	high	Adverb modifying participle.
10	Ἀρήνης	Ἀρήνη	PROPN	N-GenS	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 ἐγγύθεν	nmod	medium	Genitive complement with ἐγγύθεν; interpretation somewhat uncertain.
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἔστι	punct	high	Sentence punctuation.

Sentence 4

5.6.2 sentence 4

Tokens: 10
Input: 604
Output: 567
Total: 1,171

Hom. Il. 11.722-3

This is a bibliographic/source citation rather than a Greek sentence, so tokens are annotated as non-syntactic reference material.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	H	H	X	_	_	0 ROOT	root	low	Latin abbreviation/heading token; no Greek syntactic content.
2	o	o	X	_	_	1 H	flat	low	Continuation of abbreviated source label.
3	m	m	X	_	_	1 H	flat	low	Continuation of abbreviated source label.
4	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	1 H	punct	high	Punctuation.
5	I	I	X	_	_	1 H	flat	low	Continuation of abbreviated source label.
6	l	l	X	_	_	1 H	flat	low	Continuation of abbreviated source label.
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	1 H	punct	high	Punctuation.
8	11.722	11.722	X	_	_	1 H	flat	low	Line reference token; not syntactic Greek.
9	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	8 11.722	punct	high	Punctuation.
10	3	3	NUM	_	NumType=Card	8 11.722	nummod	high	Part of line range reference.

← 5.6.1 5.6.3 →