Grammar parses for passage 5.6.4
Open translation for this passage
μετὰ δὲ τὸν Ἄνιγρον ὁδεύσαντι ἐπὶ μακρότερον διὰ χωρίου τὰ πλείονα ὑποψάμμου καὶ ἔχοντος δένδρα πίτυς ἀγρίας, ὀπίσω ἐς ἀριστερὰ Σκιλλοῦντος ὄψει ἐρείπια.
The construction is a dative participial setting: ὁδεύσαντι agrees with an implicit traveler and takes μετὰ τὸν Ἄνιγρον; χωρίου is governed by διὰ, with τὰ πλείονα modifying an understood pluralized extent and ὑποψάμμου dependent on it. ὄψει is future second singular, with ἐρείπια as object and ὀπίσω ἐς ἀριστερὰ Σκιλλοῦντος as the locative direction; attachment of ἐρείπια/πίτυς is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 5 ὁδεύσαντι | case | high | Accusative-taking preposition. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 ὀπίσω | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Ἄνιγρον | det | high | |
| 4 | Ἄνιγρον | Ἄνιγρος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ὁδεύσαντι | obl | high | Object of μετά. |
| 5 | ὁδεύσαντι | ὁδεύω | VERB | V-PAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 23 ὄψει | advcl | medium | Dative participle with implicit subject, temporally/backgrounded to ὄψει. |
| 6 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 7 μακρότερον | case | high | With accusative, indicating extent/direction. |
| 7 | μακρότερον | μακρός | ADJ | A-ASN-C | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ὁδεύσαντι | obl | medium | Substantivized/neuter extent expression after ἐπί. |
| 8 | διὰ | διά | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 9 χωρίου | case | high | With genitive, meaning through. |
| 9 | χωρίου | χωρίον | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ὁδεύσαντι | obl | high | Object of διά. |
| 10 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 πλείονα | det | medium | Article with substantivized/elliptical neuter plural. |
| 11 | πλείονα | πολύς | ADJ | A-NPN-C | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἔχοντος | nsubj | low | Likely substantivized neuter plural, subject of ἔχοντος; case/attachment is uncertain in the transmitted syntax. |
| 12 | ὑποψάμμου | ὑπόψαμμος | ADJ | A-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 πλείονα | amod | medium | Genitive adjective, likely describing an elliptical χωρίον/extent rather than agreeing directly with plural πλείονα. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἔχοντος | cc | high | |
| 14 | ἔχοντος | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 χωρίου | acl | medium | Genitive participle agreeing with χωρίου, describing the terrain. |
| 15 | δένδρα | δένδρον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἔχοντος | obj | high | Object of ἔχοντος. |
| 16 | πίτυς | πίτυς | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 δένδρα | nmod | low | Form is morphologically ambiguous; likely specifies the trees, though expected agreement/relationship is uncertain. |
| 17 | ἀγρίας | ἄγριος | ADJ | A-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 πίτυς | amod | low | Likely agrees with πίτυς if πίτυς is feminine plural accusative; textual morphology is difficult. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 23 ὄψει | punct | high | |
| 19 | ὀπίσω | ὀπίσω | ADV | ADV | _ | 23 ὄψει | advmod | high | Adverb meaning back/behind. |
| 20 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 21 ἀριστερὰ | case | high | Directional preposition. |
| 21 | ἀριστερὰ | ἀριστερός | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 23 ὄψει | obl | medium | Substantivized direction, ‘to the left’. |
| 22 | Σκιλλοῦντος | Σκιλλοῦς | PROPN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἀριστερὰ | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on the directional phrase, ‘of/near Scillus’. |
| 23 | ὄψει | ὁράω | VERB | V-FMI-2S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Future middle, second singular. |
| 24 | ἐρείπια | ἐρείπιον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 23 ὄψει | obj | high | Object of ὄψει. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 23 ὄψει | punct | high |
τῶν μὲν δὴ πόλεων ἦν τῶν ἐν τῇ Τριφυλίᾳ καὶ Σκιλλοῦς·
Elliptical construction: ἦν agrees with an understood singular subject, while τῶν πόλεων is a genitive of whole/partitive phrase; τῶν ἐν τῇ Τριφυλίᾳ καὶ Σκιλλοῦς specifies the cities. The coordination of Σκιλλοῦς is syntactically somewhat compressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 πόλεων | det | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PRT | _ | 4 πόλεων | discourse | high | Correlative particle; counterpart is not expressed here. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | PRT | _ | 5 ἦν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | πόλεων | πόλις | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 ἦν | obl | medium | Genitive with the elliptical/copular ἦν, plausibly partitive or genitive of reference. |
| 5 | ἦν | εἰμί | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect copula; subject/complement is elliptical in the supplied sentence. |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 πόλεων | det | medium | Second genitive article, likely introducing a restrictive specification of πόλεων. |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 9 Τριφυλίᾳ | case | high | |
| 8 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 Τριφυλίᾳ | det | high | |
| 9 | Τριφυλίᾳ | Τριφυλία | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 πόλεων | nmod | high | Object of ἐν. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 Σκιλλοῦς | cc | medium | Coordinates Σκιλλοῦς with the preceding place specification; exact attachment is compressed. |
| 11 | Σκιλλοῦς | Σκιλλοῦς | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 πόλεων | conj | low | Place-name form/inflection is uncertain in isolation; treated as a genitive coordinated with the preceding specification. |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἦν | punct | high |
ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ πολέμου τοῦ Πισαίων πρὸς Ἠλείους ἐπίκουροί τε Πισαίων οἱ Σκιλλούντιοι καὶ διάφοροι τοῖς Ἠλείοις ἦσαν ἐκ τοῦ φανεροῦ, καὶ σφᾶς οἱ Ἠλεῖοι τούτων ἕνεκα ἐποίησαν ἀναστάτους.
The first clause has coordinated predicative complements ἐπίκουροι and διάφοροι with ἦσαν; ἐκ τοῦ φανεροῦ is a substantivized adverbial phrase, with somewhat flexible attachment.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 πολέμου | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ἦσαν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 πολέμου | det | high | |
| 4 | πολέμου | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἦσαν | obl | high | Temporal ἐπί-phrase. |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 Πισαίων | det | high | |
| 6 | Πισαίων | Πισαῖος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 πολέμου | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on πολέμου. |
| 7 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 Ἠλείους | case | high | |
| 8 | Ἠλείους | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 πολέμου | nmod | high | πρὸς phrase specifying the opposing party. |
| 9 | ἐπίκουροί | ἐπίκουρος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἦσαν | xcomp | high | Predicative adjective with ἦσαν. |
| 10 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἐπίκουροί | cc | high | |
| 11 | Πισαίων | Πισαῖος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἐπίκουροί | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἐπίκουροι. |
| 12 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 Σκιλλούντιοι | det | high | |
| 13 | Σκιλλούντιοι | Σκιλλούντιος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἐπίκουροί | nsubj | high | Substantivized ethnonym, subject of ἦσαν. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 διάφοροι | cc | high | |
| 15 | διάφοροι | διάφορος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἦσαν | xcomp | high | Second predicative complement with ἦσαν. |
| 16 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 Ἠλείοις | det | high | |
| 17 | Ἠλείοις | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 διάφοροι | obl | high | Dative complement of διάφοροι. |
| 18 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 19 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 21 φανεροῦ | case | high | |
| 20 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 φανεροῦ | det | high | |
| 21 | φανεροῦ | φανερός | ADJ | A-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 διάφοροι | obl | medium | Substantivized phrase ἐκ τοῦ φανεροῦ, ‘openly/evidently’; attachment to the second predication is somewhat flexible. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἦσαν | punct | high | |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 ἐποίησαν | cc | high | Coordinates the following clause. |
| 24 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-AAPM | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 29 ἐποίησαν | obj | high | Object of ἐποίησαν. |
| 25 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 Ἠλεῖοι | det | high | |
| 26 | Ἠλεῖοι | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 ἐποίησαν | nsubj | high | |
| 27 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | D-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 ἕνεκα | obl | high | Genitive with ἕνεκα. |
| 28 | ἕνεκα | ἕνεκα | ADP | PREP | _ | 29 ἐποίησαν | case | high | Postpositive genitive-taking adposition. |
| 29 | ἐποίησαν | ποιέω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 18 ἦσαν | conj | high | |
| 30 | ἀναστάτους | ἀνάστατος | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 ἐποίησαν | xcomp | high | Resultative predicative complement with ἐποίησαν. |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἦσαν | punct | high |