Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 5.7.7

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Passage 5.7.7

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3sentences parsed

76Greek tokens

2,454input tokens

5,647output tokens

Sentence 1

5.7.7 sentence 1

Tokens: 31
Input: 859
Output: 2,164
Total: 3,023

τὸν δὲ Ἡρακλέα παίζοντα---εἶναι γὰρ δὴ αὐτὸν πρεσβύτατον ἡλικίᾳ---συμβαλεῖν τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς ἐς ἅμιλλαν δρόμου καὶ τὸν νικήσαντα ἐξ αὐτῶν κλάδῳ στεφανῶσαι κοτίνου·

Infinitival historical construction: τὸν Ἡρακλέα παίζοντα is the accusative subject of συμβαλεῖν/στεφανῶσαι; εἶναι is an explanatory parenthetical infinitive with αὐτόν as accusative subject and πρεσβύτατον as predicate adjective. The final στεφανῶσαι coordinates with συμβαλεῖν and takes τὸν νικήσαντα as object; ἐξ αὐτῶν means ‘from among them’.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	3 Ἡρακλέα	det	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C	_	17 συμβαλεῖν	cc	high
3	Ἡρακλέα	Ἡρακλῆς	PROPN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 συμβαλεῖν	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitive.
4	παίζοντα	παίζω	VERB	V-PAP-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	3 Ἡρακλέα	advcl	high	Circumstantial participle agreeing with Ἡρακλέα.
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	17 συμβαλεῖν	punct	high	Dash.
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	17 συμβαλεῖν	punct	high	Dash.
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	17 συμβαλεῖν	punct	high	Dash.
8	εἶναι	εἰμί	AUX	V-PAN	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	12 πρεσβύτατον	cop	medium	Parenthetical explanatory infinitive; treated with πρεσβύτατον as its predicate.
9	γὰρ	γάρ	SCONJ	C	_	8 εἶναι	mark	high
10	δὴ	δή	PART	X	_	8 εἶναι	advmod	high
11	αὐτὸν	αὐτός	PRON	P-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs	8 εἶναι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of εἶναι.
12	πρεσβύτατον	πρέσβυς	ADJ	A-SMS	Case=Acc\|Degree=Sup\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	8 εἶναι	xcomp	high	Predicate adjective with εἶναι.
13	ἡλικίᾳ	ἡλικία	NOUN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 πρεσβύτατον	obl	high	Dative of respect.
14	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	8 εἶναι	punct	high	Dash.
15	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	8 εἶναι	punct	high	Dash.
16	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	8 εἶναι	punct	high	Dash.
17	συμβαλεῖν	συμβάλλω	VERB	V-2AAN	Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main infinitive in an implied accusative-and-infinitive construction.
18	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	T-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	19 ἀδελφοὺς	det	high
19	ἀδελφοὺς	ἀδελφός	NOUN	N-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	17 συμβαλεῖν	obj	high	Object of συμβαλεῖν.
20	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	P	_	21 ἅμιλλαν	case	high
21	ἅμιλλαν	ἅμιλλα	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	17 συμβαλεῖν	obl	high	Goal/state into which the brothers are brought.
22	δρόμου	δρόμος	NOUN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	21 ἅμιλλαν	nmod	high	Genitive specifying the contest.
23	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	29 στεφανῶσαι	cc	high	Coordinates the second infinitive.
24	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	25 νικήσαντα	det	high
25	νικήσαντα	νικάω	VERB	V-AAP-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	29 στεφανῶσαι	obj	high	Substantival participle: ‘the one who won’.
26	ἐξ	ἐκ	ADP	P	_	27 αὐτῶν	case	high
27	αὐτῶν	αὐτός	PRON	P-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Prs	25 νικήσαντα	obl	high	Partitive phrase: ‘from among them’.
28	κλάδῳ	κλάδος	NOUN	N-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	29 στεφανῶσαι	obl	high	Instrumental dative.
29	στεφανῶσαι	στεφανόω	VERB	V-AAN	Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	17 συμβαλεῖν	conj	high	Coordinated infinitive, with the winner as object.
30	κοτίνου	κότινος	NOUN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	28 κλάδῳ	nmod	high	Genitive specifying the branch: wild olive.
31	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	17 συμβαλεῖν	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Sentence 2

5.7.7 sentence 2

Tokens: 19
Input: 750
Output: 1,477
Total: 2,227

παρεῖναι δὲ αὐτοῖς πολὺν δή τι οὕτω τὸν κότινον ὡς τὰ χλωρὰ ἔτι τῶν φύλλων ὑπεστρῶσθαι σφᾶς καθεύδοντας.

The sentence is an infinitival report: παρεῖναι governs the accusative κότινον, while ὡς ὑπεστρῶσθαι explains οὕτω; σφᾶς καθεύδοντας is an accusative participial phrase describing the sleepers.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	παρεῖναι	πάρειμι	VERB	V—PNA	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	medium	Infinitive in reported/explanatory construction; governing verb is outside the sentence.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 παρεῖναι	cc	high
3	αὐτοῖς	αὐτός	PRON	P—DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Prs	1 παρεῖναι	iobj	high	Dative with πάρειμι.
4	πολὺν	πολύς	ADJ	A—ASM	Case=Acc\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	9 κότινον	amod	high
5	δή	δή	PART	PTCL	_	4 πολὺν	advmod	medium	Emphatic particle.
6	τι	τις	PRON	P—ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Ind	4 πολὺν	advmod	medium	Indefinite adverbial accusative, strengthening πολύν.
7	οὕτω	οὕτως	ADV	D	_	16 ὑπεστρῶσθαι	advmod	medium	Correlative manner adverb, explained by the following ὡς clause.
8	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T—ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	9 κότινον	det	high
9	κότινον	κότινος	NOUN	N—ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	1 παρεῖναι	obj	high	Accusative subject/object-like complement of παρεῖναι: the olive branch was present.
10	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	CONJ	_	16 ὑπεστρῶσθαι	mark	high	Introduces explanatory result/comparative clause.
11	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T—NPN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	12 χλωρὰ	det	high
12	χλωρὰ	χλωρός	ADJ	A—NPN	Case=Nom\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	16 ὑπεστρῶσθαι	nsubj:pass	medium	Substantivized adjective, ‘the green parts’; understood subject of the passive infinitive.
13	ἔτι	ἔτι	ADV	D	_	16 ὑπεστρῶσθαι	advmod	high
14	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T—GPN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	15 φύλλων	det	high
15	φύλλων	φύλλον	NOUN	N—GPN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	12 χλωρὰ	nmod	high	Partitive/specifying genitive with χλωρά.
16	ὑπεστρῶσθαι	ὑποστρώννυμι	VERB	V—RPN	Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Pass	1 παρεῖναι	advcl	medium	Perfect passive infinitive in the ὡς clause; lexical sense ‘to have been strewn underneath/covered over’.
17	σφᾶς	σφεῖς	PRON	P—APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Prs	18 καθεύδοντας	obj	high	Accusative subject of the complementary participle καθεύδοντας.
18	καθεύδοντας	καθεύδω	VERB	V—PAPM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	16 ὑπεστρῶσθαι	advcl	medium	Accusative participle with σφᾶς, describing their sleeping state.
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	1 παρεῖναι	punct	high

Sentence 3

5.7.7 sentence 3

Tokens: 26
Input: 845
Output: 2,006
Total: 2,851

κομισθῆναι δὲ ἐκ τῆς Ὑπερβορέων γῆς τὸν κότινόν φασιν ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἡρακλέους ἐς Ἕλληνας, εἶναι δὲ ἀνθρώπους οἳ ὑπὲρ τὸν ἄνεμον οἰκοῦσι τὸν Βορέαν.

Accusative-and-infinitive constructions depend on φασιν: κομισθῆναι has τὸν κότινόν as subject and ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἡρακλέους as agent; εἶναι introduces a second reported proposition with ἀνθρώπους as subject and οἳ as its relative subject. The prepositional phrase ὑπὲρ τὸν ἄνεμον is semantically ‘beyond the north wind’; exact attachment of τὸν Βορέαν is elliptical/attributive and marked low confidence.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	κομισθῆναι	κομίζω	VERB	V-AAN	Tense=Aorist\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Passive	9 φασιν	ccomp	high	First infinitival reported proposition under φασιν.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C-------	_	9 φασιν	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	R--------	_	6 γῆς	case	high	Preposition governing γῆς.
4	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-SFGA	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	6 γῆς	det	high
5	Ὑπερβορέων	Ὑπερβορεύς	PROPN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 γῆς	nmod	medium	Ethnic name in the genitive plural, modifying γῆς.
6	γῆς	γῆ	NOUN	N-SFG	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 κότινόν	nmod	high	Object of ἐκ and genitive modifier of κότινον.
7	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-SMA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	8 κότινόν	det	high
8	κότινόν	κότινος	NOUN	N-SMA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	1 κομισθῆναι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the passive infinitive.
9	φασιν	φημί	VERB	V-PIA-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
10	ὑπὸ	ὑπό	ADP	R--------	_	12 Ἡρακλέους	case	high	Agent preposition with passive κομισθῆναι.
11	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-SMGA	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	12 Ἡρακλέους	det	high
12	Ἡρακλέους	Ἡρακλῆς	PROPN	N-SMG	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	1 κομισθῆναι	obl:agent	high
13	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R--------	_	14 Ἕλληνας	case	high	Preposition governing Ἕλληνας.
14	Ἕλληνας	Ἕλλην	PROPN	N-PMA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	1 κομισθῆναι	obl	high	Goal of motion.
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	1 κομισθῆναι	punct	high
16	εἶναι	εἰμί	VERB	V-PAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	9 φασιν	ccomp	high	Second infinitival reported proposition under φασιν.
17	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C-------	_	16 εἶναι	cc	high	Connective within the coordinated reported proposition.
18	ἀνθρώπους	ἄνθρωπος	NOUN	N-PMA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	16 εἶναι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of εἶναι.
19	οἳ	ὅς	PRON	P---NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Rel	23 οἰκοῦσι	nsubj	high	Relative pronoun, subject of οἰκοῦσι, with ἀνθρώπους as antecedent.
20	ὑπὲρ	ὑπέρ	ADP	R--------	_	22 ἄνεμον	case	high	Preposition governing τὸν ἄνεμον.
21	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-SMA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	22 ἄνεμον	det	high
22	ἄνεμον	ἄνεμος	NOUN	N-SMA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	23 οἰκοῦσι	obl	high	Object of ὑπέρ.
23	οἰκοῦσι	οἰκέω	VERB	V-PIA-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	16 εἶναι	acl:relcl	high	Relative-clause predicate.
24	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-SMA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	25 Βορέαν	det	medium	Article with Βορέαν; construction is elliptical or appositional.
25	Βορέαν	Βορέας	PROPN	N-SMA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	22 ἄνεμον	nmod	low	Likely an attributive/appositional specification of ἄνεμον (‘the north wind’); attachment is uncertain.
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	9 φασιν	punct	high

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