Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 5.8.4

Sentence 1

5.8.4 sentence 1

Tokens: 35
Input: 923
Output: 2,356
Total: 3,279

ἡνιόχει δὲ καὶ ἄλλως ὁ Ἰόλαος Ἡρακλεῖ τὰς ἵππους· αὐτός τε οὖν ἅρματι καὶ Ἰάσιος ἀνὴρ Ἀρκὰς κέλητος ἐνίκησεν ἵππου δρόμῳ, Τυνδάρεω δὲ οἱ παῖδες ὁ μὲν δρόμῳ, Πολυδεύκης δὲ πυκτεύων.

The sentence contains ellipsis: ἐνίκησεν is understood with Τυνδάρεω οἱ παῖδες; the μέν...δέ phrases contrast the sons’ events, with Πολυδεύκης πυκτεύων meaning ‘Polydeuces, boxing’.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἡνιόχει	ἡνιοχεῖν	VERB	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 ἡνιόχει	cc	high
3	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	4 ἄλλως	cc	high
4	ἄλλως	ἄλλως	ADV	ADV	_	1 ἡνιόχει	advmod	high
5	ὁ	ὁ	DET	T-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 Ἰόλαος	det	high
6	Ἰόλαος	Ἰόλαος	PROPN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	1 ἡνιόχει	nsubj	high
7	Ἡρακλεῖ	Ἡρακλῆς	PROPN	N-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	1 ἡνιόχει	iobj	high
8	τὰς	ὁ	DET	T-APF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	9 ἵππους	det	high
9	ἵππους	ἵππος	NOUN	N-APF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	1 ἡνιόχει	obj	high	Feminine plural accusative in this passage.
10	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἡνιόχει	punct	high
11	αὐτός	αὐτός	PRON	P-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	20 ἐνίκησεν	nsubj	high
12	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	11 αὐτός	cc	high
13	οὖν	οὖν	ADV	ADV	_	20 ἐνίκησεν	advmod	high
14	ἅρματι	ἅρμα	NOUN	N-DSN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	20 ἐνίκησεν	obl	high	Instrumental dative.
15	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	16 Ἰάσιος	cc	high
16	Ἰάσιος	Ἰάσιος	PROPN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	20 ἐνίκησεν	nsubj	high	Coordinated subject with αὐτός.
17	ἀνὴρ	ἀνήρ	NOUN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	16 Ἰάσιος	appos	high
18	Ἀρκὰς	Ἀρκάς	ADJ	A-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 ἀνὴρ	amod	high	Ethnic adjective used attributively.
19	κέλητος	κέλης	NOUN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	16 Ἰάσιος	nmod	high	Genitive of the mounted horseman/horse; construction is somewhat compressed.
20	ἐνίκησεν	νικάω	VERB	V-AAI-3S	Aspect=Perf\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Aorist indicative.
21	ἵππου	ἵππος	NOUN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	22 δρόμῳ	nmod	high
22	δρόμῳ	δρόμος	NOUN	N-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	20 ἐνίκησεν	obl	high	Dative of manner/event, ‘in the race’.
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	20 ἐνίκησεν	punct	high
24	Τυνδάρεω	Τυνδάρεως	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	27 παῖδες	nmod	high	Possessive genitive.
25	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	27 παῖδες	cc	high
26	οἱ	ὁ	DET	T-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	27 παῖδες	det	high	Article substantivizing παῖδες.
27	παῖδες	παῖς	NOUN	N-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	20 ἐνίκησεν	nsubj	high	Subject of an understood/repeated ἐνίκησαν.
28	ὁ	ὁ	DET	T-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	30 δρόμῳ	det	high	Substantivizes the first coordinated elliptical participant.
29	μὲν	μέν	PART	PRT	_	30 δρόμῳ	advmod	high
30	δρόμῳ	δρόμος	NOUN	N-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	27 παῖδες	obl	high	Elliptical phrase, ‘one in the race’.
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	27 παῖδες	punct	high
32	Πολυδεύκης	Πολυδεύκης	PROPN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	34 πυκτεύων	nsubj	high	Second member of the μέν...δέ contrast.
33	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	32 Πολυδεύκης	cc	high
34	πυκτεύων	πυκτεύω	VERB	V-PAP-NSM	Aspect=Imp\|Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	27 παῖδες	conj	high	Participial predicate with elliptical ‘won’.
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	20 ἐνίκησεν	punct	high

Sentence 2

5.8.4 sentence 2

Tokens: 14
Input: 684
Output: 1,083
Total: 1,767

λέγεται δὲ καὶ ἐς αὐτὸν Ἡρακλέα ὡς πάλης τε ἀνέλοιτο καὶ παγκρατίου νίκας.

λέγεται is impersonal/passive ‘it is said’; ὡς introduces the reported content. Ἡρακλέα is accusative with ἐς, while the two coordinated clauses have ἀνέλοιτο as their shared optative predicate and νίκας as its coordinated accusative object; the exact construction of πάλης is somewhat elliptical/uncertain.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	λέγεται	λέγω	VERB	V3SPI3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Pass	0 ROOT	root	high	Impersonal passive, ‘it is said’.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 λέγεται	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	10 ἀνέλοιτο	cc	high	Connective/adverbial καί; linked to the following reported clause.
4	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	6 Ἡρακλέα	case	high	Preposition governing accusative.
5	αὐτὸν	αὐτός	PRON	P3ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	6 Ἡρακλέα	det	high	Attributive/intensive pronoun with Ἡρακλέα.
6	Ἡρακλέα	Ἡρακλῆς	PROPN	N--ASM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 ἀνέλοιτο	obl	medium	Accusative object of ἐς; semantically the person involved in the reported feat.
7	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	CONJ	_	10 ἀνέλοιτο	mark	high	Introduces reported content.
8	πάλης	πάλη	NOUN	N--GFS-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	10 ἀνέλοιτο	obl	low	Genitive associated with the first coordinated victory notion; syntactic relation is elliptical/uncertain.
9	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	10 ἀνέλοιτο	cc	high	Coordinates the two reported accomplishments.
10	ἀνέλοιτο	ἀναιρέω	VERB	V3SAM3S	Mood=Opt\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	1 λέγεται	ccomp	medium	Aorist middle optative in reported discourse; shared predicate for the coordinated objects.
11	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	13 νίκας	cc	high	Coordinates the second object with the first.
12	παγκρατίου	παγκράτιον	NOUN	N--GNS-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	13 νίκας	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on νίκας, specifying the event.
13	νίκας	νίκη	NOUN	N--APF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	10 ἀνέλοιτο	obj	high	Accusative object of ἀνέλοιτο.
14	.	.	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	1 λέγεται	punct	high

Passage 5.8.4