Grammar parses for passage 5.8.6
Open translation for this passage
δῆλον δέ·
Elliptical copular clause: δῆλον δέ = 'but it is clear' / 'clearly, then'.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δῆλον | δῆλος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Predicate adjective used impersonally; likely ellipsis of ἐστίν. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 δῆλον | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 δῆλον | punct | high | Punctuation mark. |
ἐξ οὗ γὰρ τὸ συνεχὲς ταῖς μνήμαις ἐπὶ ταῖς Ὀλυμπιάσιν ἐστί, δρόμου μὲν ἆθλα ἐτέθη πρῶτον, καὶ Ἠλεῖος Κόροιβος ἐνίκα·
The syntax is partly paratactic: an initial explanatory copular clause (ἐστί) is followed by a narrative clause (ἐτέθη) and then a coordinated clause (ἐνίκα).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 2 οὗ | case | high | Governed by relative pronoun. |
| 2 | οὗ | ὅς | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 11 ἐστί | obl | high | Relative pronoun in genitive with ἐξ. |
| 3 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 11 ἐστί | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 συνεχὲς | det | high | Article with substantive adjective. |
| 5 | συνεχὲς | συνεχής | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἐστί | nsubj | medium | Likely substantive adjective 'the continuity'; subject of ἐστί. |
| 6 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 μνήμαις | det | high | Article with μνήμαις. |
| 7 | μνήμαις | μνήμη | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 συνεχὲς | obl | medium | Dative dependent of συνεχές; exact relation semantically loose. |
| 8 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 10 Ὀλυμπιάσιν | case | high | Preposition with dative. |
| 9 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 Ὀλυμπιάσιν | det | high | Article with Ὀλυμπιάσιν. |
| 10 | Ὀλυμπιάσιν | Ὀλυμπιάς | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 ἐστί | obl | high | Temporal oblique with ἐπί. |
| 11 | ἐστί | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular predicate of the explanatory clause. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐστί | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | δρόμου | δρόμος | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἆθλα | nmod | high | Genitive modifying ἆθλα. |
| 14 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 16 ἐτέθη | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 15 | ἆθλα | ἆθλον | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 16 ἐτέθη | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of passive ἐτέθη. |
| 16 | ἐτέθη | τίθημι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 11 ἐστί | parataxis | high | Main narrative clause coordinated with preceding copula clause. |
| 17 | πρῶτον | πρῶτον | ADV | _ | _ | 16 ἐτέθη | advmod | high | Adverbial 'first'. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐτέθη | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 22 ἐνίκα | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 20 | Ἠλεῖος | Ἠλεῖος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 Κόροιβος | amod | high | Attributive adjective used as ethnicon. |
| 21 | Κόροιβος | Κόροιβος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἐνίκα | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐνίκα. |
| 22 | ἐνίκα | νικάω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 16 ἐτέθη | conj | high | Coordinated with ἐτέθη under the same discourse segment. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἐνίκα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
εἰκὼν μὲν δὴ οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ τοῦ Κοροίβου, τάφος δὲ ἐπὶ τοῖς πέρασι τῆς Ἠλείας.
The sentence consists of two contrasted nominal clauses linked by μὲν ... δὲ; the second is elliptical and naturally parsed with τάφος as a verbless root.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἰκὼν | εἰκών | NOUN | N-S---FN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔστιν. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 εἰκὼν | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | G-------- | _ | 5 ἔστιν | discourse | high | Emphatic particle modifying the clause. |
| 4 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 5 ἔστιν | advmod | high | Negates ἔστιν. |
| 5 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-3SPIA-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 ἔστιν | obl | high | Preposition introducing locative phrase. |
| 7 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐν | obl | high | Object of ἐν. |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 Κοροίβου | det | high | Article with proper name. |
| 9 | Κοροίβου | Κόροιβος | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 εἰκὼν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of εἰκών. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | τάφος | τάφος | NOUN | N-NS---MN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second coordinated clause with omitted/copular ellipsis; treated as root for the sentence fragment. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 11 τάφος | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 13 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 τάφος | obl | high | Preposition introducing a locative phrase. |
| 14 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L-P---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 πέρασι | det | high | Article with substantive πέρασι. |
| 15 | πέρασι | πέρας | NOUN | N-DPN--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἐπὶ | obl | high | Object of ἐπί. |
| 16 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 Ἠλείας | det | high | Article with Ἠλείας. |
| 17 | Ἠλείας | Ἠλεία | PROPN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 πέρασι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of πέρασι. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 τάφος | punct | high | Punctuation. |
Ὀλυμπιάδι δὲ ὕστερον τετάρτῃ καὶ δεκάτῃ προσετέθη σφίσι δίαυλος·
The passive construction has nominative subject δίαυλος and a dative recipient σφίσι; τετάρτῃ καὶ δεκάτῃ is treated as coordinated ordinal modifiers of the noun.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ὀλυμπιάδι | Ὀλυμπιάς | PROPN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Sing | 7 προσετέθη | obl | high | Dative of time/reference, probably 'for/by the Olympiad'. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | P-------- | _ | 7 προσετέθη | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 7 προσετέθη | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the passive verb. |
| 4 | τετάρτῃ | τέταρτος | ADJ | M------FD- | Case=Dative|Degree=Pos|Gender=Feminine|Number=Sing | 9 δίαυλος | amod | high | Modifies δίαυλος, likely with numeral sense 'fourth'. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 τετάρτῃ | cc | high | Coordinates the two ordinal modifiers. |
| 6 | δεκάτῃ | δέκατος | ADJ | M------FD- | Case=Dative|Degree=Pos|Gender=Feminine|Number=Sing | 4 τετάρτῃ | conj | high | Second coordinated ordinal modifier. |
| 7 | προσετέθη | προστίθημι | VERB | V-API-3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 8 | σφίσι | σφεῖς | PRON | P-P---FD- | Case=Dative|Gender=Common|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 7 προσετέθη | iobj | medium | Dative pronoun, likely indirect object 'to them'. |
| 9 | δίαυλος | δίαυλος | NOUN | N-----MS- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Sing | 7 προσετέθη | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of passive verb. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 προσετέθη | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |