Grammar parses for passage 5.9.2
Open translation for this passage
διάφορα δὲ τοῖς ἀναβάταις ἐς τῆς κάλπης τὸν δρόμον τά τε σημεῖά ἐστι καὶ ἄρσενές σφισιν ὄντες οἱ ἵπποι.
The syntax is somewhat compressed: ἐστι governs a coordinated nominal predicate, with ἄρσενές...οἱ ἵπποι forming a second predicative clause; σφισιν ὄντες is attached as a participial modifier, though the exact dative function is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | διάφορα | διάφορος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἐστι | nsubj | medium | Predicative adjective, likely subject with ἐστι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 13 ἐστι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἀναβάταις | det | high | Article modifying ἀναβάταις. |
| 4 | ἀναβάταις | ἀναβάτης | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἐστι | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/interest. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 9 δρόμον | case | high | Preposition governing τὸν δρόμον. |
| 6 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 κάλπης | det | high | Article modifying κάλπης. |
| 7 | κάλπης | κάλπη | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 δρόμον | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent within the prepositional phrase. |
| 8 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 δρόμον | det | high | Article modifying δρόμον. |
| 9 | δρόμον | δρόμος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐστι | obl | high | Object of ἐς. |
| 10 | τά | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 σημεῖά | det | high | Article modifying σημεῖά. |
| 11 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 10 τά | discourse | medium | Enclitic connective, attached to the first coordinated element. |
| 12 | σημεῖά | σημεῖον | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἐστι | nsubj | medium | Second coordinated subject/predicative noun. |
| 13 | ἐστι | εἰμί | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main copular verb. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 15 ἄρσενές | cc | high | Coordinator for the following clause/predicate. |
| 15 | ἄρσενές | ἄρσην | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἐστι | conj | medium | Predicative adjective coordinated with the first predicate. |
| 16 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 17 ὄντες | iobj | low | Dative pronoun; function somewhat uncertain, likely dative of reference/possession. |
| 17 | ὄντες | εἰμί | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 ἵπποι | amod | medium | Participial modifier of ἵπποι. |
| 18 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἵπποι | det | high | Article modifying ἵπποι. |
| 19 | ἵπποι | ἵππος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἄρσενές | nsubj | high | Subject of the coordinated predicative adjective ἄρσενές. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐστι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἀπήνῃ δὲ οὔτε τῷ ἀνευρήματι οὐδὲν ἀρχαῖον οὔτε εὐπρέπεια αὐτῇ προσῆν, ἐπάρατόν τε Ἠλείοις ἐκ παλαιοῦ καὶ ἀρχὴν γενέσθαι σφίσιν ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ τὸ ζῷον·
The sentence is structurally difficult: the first clause with ἀπήνῃ is uncertain, while the clearest core is προσῆν as main verb and the later infinitival phrase γενέσθαι ... ζῷον as a coordinated complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀπήνῃ | ἀπηνάομαι | VERB | V-3S---I--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 11 προσῆν | advcl | low | Likely a finite verb, though form is difficult; taken as main predication in first clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 11 προσῆν | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | C----------- | _ | 11 προσῆν | cc | high | Correlative conjunction. |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM-------- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ἀνευρήματι | det | high | Article modifying ἀνευρήματι. |
| 5 | ἀνευρήματι | ἀνεύρημα | NOUN | N-DSN-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἀπήνῃ | obl | medium | Dative complement with ἀπήνῃ; exact syntax uncertain. |
| 6 | οὐδὲν | οὐδείς | PRON | P-NSN-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 7 ἀρχαῖον | det | high | Negative pronoun used attributively. |
| 7 | ἀρχαῖον | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-NSN-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 προσῆν | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective in second coordinated clause. |
| 8 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | C----------- | _ | 11 προσῆν | cc | high | Correlative conjunction. |
| 9 | εὐπρέπεια | εὐπρέπεια | NOUN | N-NSF-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 προσῆν | nsubj | high | Subject of προσῆν. |
| 10 | αὐτῇ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DSF-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 11 προσῆν | iobj | high | Dative with προσῆν. |
| 11 | προσῆν | πάρειμι | VERB | V-3SIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 προσῆν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | ἐπάρατόν | ἐπάρατος | ADJ | A-NSN-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 ζῷον | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying ζῷον. |
| 14 | τε | τε | CCONJ | G--------- | _ | 13 ἐπάρατόν | cc | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 15 | Ἠλείοις | Ἠλεῖος | ADJ | A-DPM-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἐπάρατόν | obl | medium | Dative of interest/reference; could also be construed with ἐπάρατόν. |
| 16 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R----------- | _ | 17 παλαιοῦ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 17 | παλαιοῦ | παλαιός | ADJ | A-GSN-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἐπάρατόν | obl | high | Prepositional phrase with ἐκ. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C----------- | _ | 19 ἀρχὴν | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 19 | ἀρχὴν | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-ASF-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 γενέσθαι | obj | medium | Accusative dependent of γενέσθαι. |
| 20 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-AINF--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 13 ἐπάρατόν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement coordinated with ἐπάρατόν. |
| 21 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-DPM-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 20 γενέσθαι | iobj | high | Dative with γενέσθαι ('for them'). |
| 22 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R----------- | _ | 24 χώρᾳ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 23 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF-------- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 24 χώρᾳ | det | high | Article modifying χώρᾳ. |
| 24 | χώρᾳ | χώρα | NOUN | N-DSF-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 γενέσθαι | obl | high | Locative prepositional phrase with γενέσθαι. |
| 25 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN-------- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 26 ζῷον | det | high | Article modifying ζῷον. |
| 26 | ζῷον | ζῷον | NOUN | N-NSN-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 γενέσθαι | nsubj | high | Subject of γενέσθαι. |
| 27 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 προσῆν | punct | high | Punctuation. |