Grammar parses for passage 5.9.4
Open translation for this passage
τὰ δὲ ἐπὶ τοῖς ἀγωνοθετοῦσιν οὐ κατὰ τὰ αὐτὰ ἃ καθεστηκότα ἦν ἐξ ἀρχῆς καὶ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν ἐς αὐτοὺς νομίζουσιν,
The sentence has an elliptical/complex construction: τὰ ἐπὶ τοῖς ἀγωνοθετοῦσιν is the topical subject, with κατὰ τὰ αὐτά governing an understood comparison; ἃ καθεστηκότα ἦν is a relative clause, and νομίζουσιν takes αὐτούς as object. The antecedent and exact scope of ἃ are somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T--NPA---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 20 νομίζουσιν | nsubj | medium | Substantivized neuter plural article, topical subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 νομίζουσιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 τοῖς | case | high | Preposition with dative. |
| 4 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPD---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἀγωνοθετοῦσιν | det | high | |
| 5 | ἀγωνοθετοῦσιν | ἀγωνοθετέω | VERB | V-PPADMS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 20 νομίζουσιν | obl | medium | Substantivized dative present participle, ‘those who conduct the games’; governed by ἐπί. |
| 6 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | _ | 20 νομίζουσιν | advmod | high | Negates the finite predicate. |
| 7 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 αὐτὰ | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 8 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 αὐτὰ | det | high | |
| 9 | αὐτὰ | αὐτός | ADJ | A-PNPA---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 20 νομίζουσιν | obl | medium | Substantivized adjective in the phrase κατὰ τὰ αὐτά, ‘in the same respects/ways’. |
| 10 | ἃ | ὅς | PRON | P-NPAN---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 καθεστηκότα | obj | low | Relative pronoun; syntactic relation to καθεστηκότα is uncertain because of the elliptical construction. |
| 11 | καθεστηκότα | καθίστημι | VERB | V-RPANPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ἦν | nsubj | medium | Perfect active participle, predicative/complementary with ἦν; agrees with an understood neuter plural subject. |
| 12 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-3SIAIM- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 20 νομίζουσιν | ccomp | medium | Imperfect of εἰμί with participial complement; singular despite neuter plural participle, likely due to constructional/elliptical agreement. |
| 13 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 ἀρχῆς | case | high | Preposition with genitive. |
| 14 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-GSF---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 καθεστηκότα | obl | high | Temporal/source phrase, ἐξ ἀρχῆς. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἐφʼ | cc | high | Coordinates the temporal phrases. |
| 16 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 ἡμῶν | case | high | Elided preposition ἐπί with genitive. |
| 17 | ἡμῶν | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1GP---- | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1 | 11 καθεστηκότα | obl | high | Genitive with ἐπί, ‘in our time’. |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 αὐτοὺς | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 19 | αὐτοὺς | αὐτός | PRON | P-3APM---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 20 νομίζουσιν | obj | high | Object of νομίζουσιν within the prepositional phrase ἐς αὐτούς. |
| 20 | νομίζουσιν | νομίζω | VERB | V-3PPIA-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Main finite verb; subject is the topical substantivized τὰ. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 νομίζουσιν | punct | high |