Grammar parses for passage 5.9.5
Open translation for this passage
πέμπτῃ δὲ Ὀλυμπιάδι καὶ ἐνενηκοστῇ ἐννέα ἑλλανοδίκας κατέστησαν· τρισὶ μὲν δὴ ἐπετέτραπτο ἐξ αὐτῶν ὁ δρόμος τῶν ἵππων, τοσούτοις δὲ ἑτέροις ἐπόπταις εἶναι τοῦ πεντάθλου, τοῖς δὲ ὑπολειπομένοις τὰ λοιπὰ ἔμελε τῶν ἀγωνισμάτων.
The sentence has an initial temporal dative phrase; κατέστησαν governs ἑλλανοδίκας. The following clauses coordinate impersonal/passive-perfect predicates with datival complements; ἔμελε is impersonal, with τὰ λοιπὰ as nominative subject and τῶν ἀγωνισμάτων dependent genitive. The exact force of ἐπετέτραπτο is somewhat context-sensitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πέμπτῃ | πέμπτος | ADJ | A-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 Ὀλυμπιάδι | amod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G----- | _ | 8 κατέστησαν | cc | high | |
| 3 | Ὀλυμπιάδι | Ὀλυμπιάς | NOUN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 κατέστησαν | obl | high | Temporal dative. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C----- | _ | 5 ἐνενηκοστῇ | cc | high | |
| 5 | ἐνενηκοστῇ | ἐνενηκοστός | ADJ | A-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 Ὀλυμπιάδι | amod | high | Ordinal numeral agreeing with Ὀλυμπιάδι. |
| 6 | ἐννέα | ἐννέα | NUM | M----P--- | _ | 7 ἑλλανοδίκας | nummod | high | Cardinal modifying ἑλλανοδίκας. |
| 7 | ἑλλανοδίκας | ἑλλανοδίκης | NOUN | N-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 κατέστησαν | obj | high | |
| 8 | κατέστησαν | καθίστημι | VERB | V-3PAAI- | Aspect=Aor|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 κατέστησαν | punct | high | |
| 10 | τρισὶ | τρεῖς | NUM | M-P---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἐπετέτραπτο | obl | high | Dative of reference/assignment. |
| 11 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G----- | _ | 13 ἐπετέτραπτο | discourse | high | |
| 12 | δὴ | δή | PART | G----- | _ | 13 ἐπετέτραπτο | discourse | high | |
| 13 | ἐπετέτραπτο | ἐπιτρέπω | VERB | V-3SGPI- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 8 κατέστησαν | conj | medium | Impersonal/passive-perfect construction; exact parsing of the form and implied subject is context-sensitive. |
| 14 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R----- | _ | 15 αὐτῶν | case | high | |
| 15 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-GP--- | Case=Gen|Number=Plur | 13 ἐπετέτραπτο | obl | high | Partitive/source phrase: ‘of/from them’. |
| 16 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 δρόμος | det | high | |
| 17 | δρόμος | δρόμος | NOUN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐπετέτραπτο | nsubj | high | |
| 18 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἵππων | det | high | |
| 19 | ἵππων | ἵππος | NOUN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 δρόμος | nmod | high | |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐπετέτραπτο | punct | high | |
| 21 | τοσούτοις | τοσοῦτος | ADJ | A-P---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 ἐπόπταις | amod | high | Correlative dative, agreeing with ἐπόπταις. |
| 22 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G----- | _ | 24 ἐπόπταις | cc | high | |
| 23 | ἑτέροις | ἕτερος | ADJ | A-P---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 ἐπόπταις | amod | high | Agreeing with ἐπόπταις. |
| 24 | ἐπόπταις | ἐπόπτης | NOUN | N-P---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 εἶναι | obl | high | Dative complement/subject of εἶναι. |
| 25 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN-- | Aspect=Pres|Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 13 ἐπετέτραπτο | xcomp | high | |
| 26 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 27 πεντάθλου | det | high | |
| 27 | πεντάθλου | πένταθλον | NOUN | N-S---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 ἐπόπταις | nmod | high | |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἐπόπταις | punct | high | |
| 29 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-P---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 31 ὑπολειπομένοις | det | high | |
| 30 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G----- | _ | 34 ἔμελε | cc | high | |
| 31 | ὑπολειπομένοις | ὑπολείπω | VERB | V-PPPMD- | Aspect=Imp|Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 34 ἔμελε | iobj | high | Substantivized participle: ‘those remaining’. |
| 32 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 33 λοιπὰ | det | high | |
| 33 | λοιπὰ | λοιπός | ADJ | A-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 34 ἔμελε | obj | medium | Accusative with impersonal ἔμελε; some analyses may treat it as nominative subject. |
| 34 | ἔμελε | μέλω | VERB | V-3SIAI- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 8 κατέστησαν | conj | high | Impersonal ‘it was the concern of’; governs dative τοῖς ὑπολειπομένοις. |
| 35 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-P---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 36 ἀγωνισμάτων | det | high | |
| 36 | ἀγωνισμάτων | ἀγώνισμα | NOUN | N-P---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 33 λοιπὰ | nmod | high | |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 34 ἔμελε | punct | high |
δευτέρᾳ δὲ ἀπὸ ταύτης Ὀλυμπιάδι προσετέθη καὶ ὁ δέκατος ἀθλοθέτης.
The dative δευτέρᾳ Ὀλυμπιάδι is a temporal measure/date phrase, with ἀπὸ ταύτης marking counting from the preceding Olympiad; προσετέθη is passive, and ὁ δέκατος ἀθλοθέτης is its nominative subject. The attachment of δὲ is discourse-level and marked as an advmod-like relation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δευτέρᾳ | δεύτερος | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 Ὀλυμπιάδι | amod | high | Agrees with Ὀλυμπιάδι; temporal dative. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 6 προσετέθη | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R--------- | _ | 4 ταύτης | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 4 | ταύτης | οὗτος | PRON | PD-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 Ὀλυμπιάδι | nmod | high | Genitive demonstrative governed by ἀπό; elliptical Ὀλυμπιάδος. |
| 5 | Ὀλυμπιάδι | Ὀλυμπιάς | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 προσετέθη | obl | high | Temporal dative specifying the Olympiad. |
| 6 | προσετέθη | προστίθημι | VERB | V-API-3S | Aspect=Aor|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist passive, ‘was added’. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 10 ἀθλοθέτης | cc | medium | Conjoins this clause/content with the preceding discourse; syntactically peripheral here. |
| 8 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 δέκατος | det | high | Article with ordinal substantivized as a nominal modifier. |
| 9 | δέκατος | δέκατος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|NumType=Ord|Number=Sing | 10 ἀθλοθέτης | amod | high | Ordinal modifying ἀθλοθέτης. |
| 10 | ἀθλοθέτης | ἀθλοθέτης | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 προσετέθη | nsubj:pass | high | Nominative subject of the passive verb. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 προσετέθη | punct | high |
ἐπὶ δὲ τῆς τρίτης καὶ ἑκατοστῆς φυλαί τε Ἠλείοις δώδεκα καὶ εἷς ἀπὸ φυλῆς ἑκάστης ἐγένετο Ἑλλανοδίκης.
The sentence describes the 103rd Olympiad-era arrangement: twelve tribes for the Eleans and one Hellanodikes from each tribe; the coordination and quantified subjects are somewhat compressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 16 ἐγένετο | case | high | Temporal preposition governing the genitive phrase τῆς τρίτης καὶ ἑκατοστῆς. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ἐγένετο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 τρίτης | det | high | |
| 4 | τρίτης | τρίτος | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἑκατοστῆς | amod | high | Ordinal modifying ἑκατοστῆς. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἑκατοστῆς | cc | high | Coordinates the two ordinal adjectives. |
| 6 | ἑκατοστῆς | ἑκατοστός | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἐγένετο | obl | high | Substantivized ordinal, with τῆς τρίτης understood as part of the date/ordinal expression. |
| 7 | φυλαί | φυλή | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 ἐγένετο | nsubj | high | First coordinated subject, ‘tribes’. |
| 8 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 φυλαί | cc | high | Postpositive coordinator linking φυλαί with the following subject phrase. |
| 9 | Ἠλείοις | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἐγένετο | iobj | high | Dative of possession/association: ‘for the Eleans’. |
| 10 | δώδεκα | δώδεκα | NUM | N | Case=Nom|Number=Plur | 16 ἐγένετο | nsubj | medium | Cardinal numeral functioning as a coordinated subject, with φυλαί understood. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ἐγένετο | cc | high | Coordinates the two subject constituents. |
| 12 | εἷς | εἷς | NUM | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐγένετο | nsubj | high | Second coordinated subject, ‘one’. |
| 13 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 εἷς | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive φυλῆς ἑκάστης. |
| 14 | φυλῆς | φυλή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 εἷς | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἀπό. |
| 15 | ἑκάστης | ἕκαστος | DET | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 φυλῆς | det | high | ‘Each’, modifying φυλῆς. |
| 16 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-AIM-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist middle finite verb; singular by attraction or construction with the quantified subject. |
| 17 | Ἑλλανοδίκης | Ἑλλανοδίκης | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐγένετο | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative: ‘became an Hellanodikes’. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐγένετο | punct | high |