Grammar parses for passage 6.10.7
Open translation for this passage
ἐπιγέγραπται δὲ καὶ τῶν ἵππων τὰ ὀνόματα Φοῖνιξ καὶ Κόραξ, ἑκατέρωθεν δὲ οἱ παρὰ τὸ ζυγόν, κατὰ μὲν τὰ δεξιὰ Κνακίας, ἐν δὲ τῇ ἀριστερᾷ Σάμος·
The syntax is elliptical and paratactic: ὀνόματα governs the named horses, while the later spatial phrases identify positions by coordination and implied predicates.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπιγέγραπται | ἐπιγράφω | VERB | V-3SRPI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | P | _ | 1 ἐπιγέγραπται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 Φοῖνιξ | cc | high | Coordinates the proper names. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | LID- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἵππων | det | high | Article with ἵππων. |
| 5 | ἵππων | ἵππος | NOUN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ὀνόματα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ὀνόματα. |
| 6 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | LID- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ὀνόματα | det | high | Article with ὀνόματα. |
| 7 | ὀνόματα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 ἐπιγέγραπται | obj | high | Object of ἐπιγέγραπται. |
| 8 | Φοῖνιξ | Φοῖνιξ | PROPN | Npmsn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ὀνόματα | appos | medium | First name in apposition to ὀνόματα; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 Κόραξ | cc | high | Coordinates the two names. |
| 10 | Κόραξ | Κόραξ | PROPN | Npmsn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Φοῖνιξ | conj | high | Second coordinated name. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ὀνόματα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 12 | ἑκατέρωθεν | ἑκατέρωθεν | ADV | D | _ | 14 οἱ | advmod | high | Modifies the following subject phrase. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | PART | P | _ | 14 οἱ | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 14 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | LID- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 Κνακίας | det | medium | Likely article introducing an ellipted noun phrase with παρὰ τὸ ζυγόν. |
| 15 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R- | _ | 23 Κνακίας | case | high | Governed by implied/participial relation; here introduces a phrase modifying οἱ. |
| 16 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | LID- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ζυγόν | det | high | Article with ζυγόν. |
| 17 | ζυγόν | ζυγόν | NOUN | N-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 παρὰ | obj | high | Object of παρά in a prepositional phrase. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 οἱ | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 19 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R- | _ | 23 Κνακίας | case | high | Introduces directional/distributive phrase. |
| 20 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G | _ | 19 κατὰ | advmod | high | Correlative particle. |
| 21 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | LID- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 22 δεξιὰ | det | high | Article with δεξιά. |
| 22 | δεξιὰ | δεξιός | ADJ | A-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 κατὰ | obl | high | Substantivized adjective in prepositional phrase. |
| 23 | Κνακίας | Κνακίας | PROPN | Npmsn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἑκατέρωθεν | conj | medium | Named horse; attached as coordination to earlier name phrase. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 Κνακίας | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 25 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R- | _ | 29 Σάμος | case | high | Introduces locative phrase. |
| 26 | δὲ | δέ | PART | P | _ | 29 Σάμος | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 27 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | LID- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 ἀριστερᾷ | det | high | Article with ἀριστερᾷ. |
| 28 | ἀριστερᾷ | ἀριστερός | ADJ | A-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 ἐν | obl | high | Substantivized adjective in prepositional phrase. |
| 29 | Σάμος | Σάμος | PROPN | Npfsn | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἑκατέρωθεν | conj | medium | Named horse; coordination with Κνακίας, though case-like syntax is elliptical. |
| 30 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐπιγέγραπται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
καὶ ἐλεγεῖον τόδε ἐστὶν ἐπὶ τῷ ἅρματι·
Simple copular clause with predicate noun ἐλεγεῖον and a prepositional phrase in ἐπὶ τῷ ἅρματι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 ἐστὶν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 2 | ἐλεγεῖον | ἐλεγεῖον | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Predicate noun with copula. |
| 3 | τόδε | ὅδε | PRON | PD__ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 2 ἐλεγεῖον | det | high | Demonstrative agreeing with ἐλεγεῖον. |
| 4 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 5 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 4 ἐστὶν | case | high | Preposition governing τῷ ἅρματι. |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἅρματι | det | high | Definite article. |
| 7 | ἅρματι | ἅρμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Prepositional object. |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστὶν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
Κλεοσθένης μʼ ἀνέθηκεν ὁ Πόντιος ἐξ Ἐπιδάμνου, νικήσας ἵπποις καλὸν ἀγῶνα Διός.
The syntax is straightforward overall, with ἀνέθηκεν as the root; the main ambiguity is whether Κλεοσθένης and ὁ Πόντιος are in apposition or whether the article marks a freer nominal identification.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Κλεοσθένης | Κλεοσθένης | PROPN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 3 ἀνέθηκεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀνέθηκεν. |
| 2 | μʼ | ἐγώ | PRON | Pp1sA | Case=Accusative|Number=Singular|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 3 ἀνέθηκεν | obj | high | Enclitic object pronoun. |
| 3 | ἀνέθηκεν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | VAAI3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 4 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 5 Πόντιος | det | high | Article with Πόντιος. |
| 5 | Πόντιος | Πόντιος | PROPN | A-N---SM- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 1 Κλεοσθένης | appos | medium | Appositive identifier of Κλεοσθένης. |
| 6 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | P | Case=Genitive | 7 Ἐπιδάμνου | case | high | Preposition governing Ἐπιδάμνου. |
| 7 | Ἐπιδάμνου | Ἐπίδαμνος | PROPN | N-S---NG- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 3 ἀνέθηκεν | obl | high | Source/origin phrase. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἀνέθηκεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | νικήσας | νικάω | VERB | AAPMSN | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Active | 3 ἀνέθηκεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying the subject. |
| 10 | ἵπποις | ἵππος | NOUN | N-P---DM- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 9 νικήσας | obl | medium | Dative of means/instrument with νικήσας. |
| 11 | καλὸν | καλός | ADJ | A-S---AN- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 12 ἀγῶνα | amod | high | Modifies ἀγῶνα. |
| 12 | ἀγῶνα | ἀγών | NOUN | N-S---AM- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 9 νικήσας | obj | high | Object of νικήσας. |
| 13 | Διός | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-S---NG- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 12 ἀγῶνα | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent of ἀγῶνα; likely 'of Zeus'. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἀνέθηκεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |