Grammar parses for passage 6.10.8
Open translation for this passage
τῶν δὲ ἱπποτροφησάντων ἐν Ἕλλησι πρῶτος ἐς Ὀλυμπίαν εἰκόνα ἀνέθηκεν ὁ Κλεοσθένης οὗτος.
Genitive substantival participle τῶν ἱπποτροφησάντων means “of those who bred horses”; πρῶτος is predicative with the postposed subject ὁ Κλεοσθένης οὗτος, and εἰκόνα is the direct object of ἀνέθηκεν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἱπποτροφησάντων | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | P | _ | 10 ἀνέθηκεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἱπποτροφησάντων | ἱπποτροφέω | VERB | V-GAAP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Ptcp|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 10 ἀνέθηκεν | nsubj | high | Substantival genitive aorist active participle. |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 5 Ἕλλησι | case | high | |
| 5 | Ἕλλησι | Ἕλλην | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἱπποτροφησάντων | obl | high | Dative plural after ἐν. |
| 6 | πρῶτος | πρῶτος | ADJ | A-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀνέθηκεν | advmod | high | Predicative nominative adjective, ‘first’. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 8 Ὀλυμπίαν | case | high | |
| 8 | Ὀλυμπίαν | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἀνέθηκεν | obl | high | Accusative of goal with ἐς. |
| 9 | εἰκόνα | εἰκών | NOUN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἀνέθηκεν | obj | high | |
| 10 | ἀνέθηκεν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Κλεοσθένης | det | high | |
| 12 | Κλεοσθένης | Κλεοσθένης | PROPN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀνέθηκεν | nsubj | high | Personal name; nominative lemma. |
| 13 | οὗτος | οὗτος | DET | D-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Κλεοσθένης | det | high | Postposed demonstrative agreeing with Κλεοσθένης. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἀνέθηκεν | punct | high |
τὰ γὰρ Μιλτιάδου τοῦ Ἀθηναίου καὶ Εὐαγόρου τοῦ Λάκωνος ἀναθήματα, τοῦ μὲν ἅρματά ἐστιν, οὐ μὴν καὶ αὐτὸς ἐπὶ τοῖς ἅρμασιν Εὐαγόρας·
Elliptical copular construction: τὰ ... ἀναθήματα is the topic/subject; τοῦ μὲν ἅρματά ἐστιν means Miltiades' offerings are chariots, while Εὐαγόρας is nominative in the adversative clarification οὐ μὴν καὶ αὐτὸς ... Εὐαγόρας. The genitives depend attributively on ἀναθήματα; τοῦ μὲν is a resumptive genitive referring to Miltiades.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἀναθήματα | det | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | X | _ | 10 ἀναθήματα | discourse | high | |
| 3 | Μιλτιάδου | Μιλτιάδης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀναθήματα | nmod | high | |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Ἀθηναίου | det | high | |
| 5 | Ἀθηναίου | Ἀθηναῖος | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Μιλτιάδου | amod | high | Ethnic adjective used substantivally/appositionally. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 7 Εὐαγόρου | cc | high | |
| 7 | Εὐαγόρου | Εὐαγόρας | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀναθήματα | conj | high | |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Λάκωνος | det | high | |
| 9 | Λάκωνος | Λάκων | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Εὐαγόρου | appos | high | Ethnic noun in apposition to Εὐαγόρου. |
| 10 | ἀναθήματα | ἀνάθημα | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of the first copular clause. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 10 ἀναθήματα | punct | high | |
| 12 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἅρματά | det | high | Resumptive genitive referring to Μιλτιάδου. |
| 13 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X | _ | 12 τοῦ | discourse | high | |
| 14 | ἅρματά | ἅρμα | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 ἐστιν | attr | high | Predicate nominative with ἐστιν. |
| 15 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 15 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 17 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | X | _ | 24 Εὐαγόρας | advmod | high | |
| 18 | μὴν | μήν | PART | X | _ | 24 Εὐαγόρας | discourse | high | Adversative particle phrase οὐ μὴν. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | ADV | D | _ | 20 αὐτὸς | advmod | high | Scalar/additive καί ('also/even'). |
| 20 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | P-GSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Intens | 24 Εὐαγόρας | nsubj | high | Intensive pronoun, subject of the elliptical clause. |
| 21 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 23 ἅρμασιν | case | high | |
| 22 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 23 ἅρμασιν | det | high | |
| 23 | ἅρμασιν | ἅρμα | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 Εὐαγόρας | obl | high | ἐπί with dative: on/upon the chariots. |
| 24 | Εὐαγόρας | Εὐαγόρας | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἐστιν | parataxis | medium | Nominative appositional/clarifying subject in an elliptical adversative clause; understood predicate is not 'is [a chariot]'. |
| 25 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 15 ἐστιν | punct | high |
τὰ Μιλτιάδου δέ, ὁποῖα ἐς Ὀλυμπίαν ἀνέθηκεν, ἑτέρωθι δὴ δηλώσω τοῦ λόγου.
The sentence has a substantivized neuter plural τὰ, clarified by the relative clause ὁποῖα ... ἀνέθηκεν; τοῦ λόγου is a genitive dependent on δηλώσω, with its precise semantic subtype uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 δηλώσω | obj | high | Substantivized article, referring to the things dedicated. |
| 2 | Μιλτιάδου | Μιλτιάδης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 τὰ | nmod | high | Possessive genitive: Miltiades'. |
| 3 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 δηλώσω | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 δηλώσω | punct | high | |
| 5 | ὁποῖα | ὁποῖος | PRON | P-APNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 8 ἀνέθηκεν | obj | high | Relative pronoun, referring to τὰ and serving as the object of ἀνέθηκεν. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 Ὀλυμπίαν | case | high | |
| 7 | Ὀλυμπίαν | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀνέθηκεν | obl | high | Destination with ἐς. |
| 8 | ἀνέθηκεν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 12 δηλώσω | acl:relcl | high | Aorist relative-clause predicate modifying the substantivized τὰ. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 δηλώσω | punct | high | |
| 10 | ἑτέρωθι | ἑτέρωθι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 12 δηλώσω | advmod | high | Adverb meaning elsewhere/in another place. |
| 11 | δὴ | δή | PART | X-------- | _ | 12 δηλώσω | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 12 | δηλώσω | δηλόω | VERB | V-FAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate: I shall explain/show. |
| 13 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 λόγου | det | high | |
| 14 | λόγου | λόγος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 δηλώσω | obl | medium | Genitive of reference or partitive expression with δηλώσω; exact attachment is somewhat interpretive. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 δηλώσω | punct | high |
Ἐπιδάμνιοι δὲ χώραν μὲν ἥνπερ καὶ ἐξ ἀρχῆς, πόλιν δὲ οὐ τὴν ἀρχαίαν ἐπὶ ἡμῶν ἔχουσιν, ἐκείνης δὲ ἀφεστηκυῖαν ὀλίγον·
The sentence contrasts the territory retained from the beginning with a newer city: ἔχουσιν governs χώραν and πόλιν, while ἀφεστηκυῖαν is a predicative/resultative participle agreeing with πόλιν and takes ἐκείνης as its genitive of separation; ὀλίγον modifies the separation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἐπιδάμνιοι | Ἐπιδάμνιος | PROPN | N--MP--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ἔχουσιν | nsubj | high | Demotic name functioning as subject of ἔχουσιν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 ἔχουσιν | cc | high | Postpositive contrastive connective. |
| 3 | χώραν | χώρα | NOUN | N--ASF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἔχουσιν | obj | high | First coordinated object of ἔχουσιν. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 3 χώραν | advmod | high | Correlative particle paired with δὲ at token 11. |
| 5 | ἥνπερ | ὅσπερ | PRON | P-ASFA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 3 χώραν | acl:relcl | medium | Feminine accusative relative pronoun referring to χώραν; περ adds emphasis. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 ἥνπερ | advmod | high | Adverbial καί, ‘also/even’, within the relative clause. |
| 7 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 ἀρχῆς | case | high | Preposition governing genitive ἀρχῆς. |
| 8 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N--GSF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἥνπερ | obl | high | Temporal/source adjunct in the relative clause; understood verb is εἶχον or equivalent. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἔχουσιν | punct | high | |
| 10 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N--ASF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἔχουσιν | obj | high | Second coordinated object of ἔχουσιν. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 πόλιν | cc | high | Correlative particle contrasting πόλιν with χώραν. |
| 12 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | _ | 17 ἔχουσιν | advmod | high | Negates the phrase headed by ἔχουσιν. |
| 13 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L--ASF--- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἀρχαίαν | det | high | |
| 14 | ἀρχαίαν | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A--ASF--- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 πόλιν | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of πόλιν. |
| 15 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 ἡμῶν | case | high | Preposition governing genitive ἡμῶν. |
| 16 | ἡμῶν | ἐγώ | PRON | P----G--- | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 17 ἔχουσιν | obl | high | Genitive of the time/period, ‘in our time’. |
| 17 | ἔχουσιν | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAI-3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite predicate governing the two accusative objects. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἔχουσιν | punct | high | |
| 19 | ἐκείνης | ἐκεῖνος | PRON | P-GSFA--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 21 ἀφεστηκυῖαν | obl | high | Genitive complement of separation with ἀφεστηκυῖαν, referring to the ancient city. |
| 20 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 ἀφεστηκυῖαν | cc | medium | Connective particle introducing the participial qualification. |
| 21 | ἀφεστηκυῖαν | ἀφίστημι | VERB | V-RAP-AFS-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 πόλιν | acl | high | Perfect active participle agreeing with πόλιν; predicative/resultative, ‘standing apart’. |
| 22 | ὀλίγον | ὀλίγος | ADV | A-ASN--- | Degree=Pos | 21 ἀφεστηκυῖαν | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative modifying ἀφεστηκυῖαν, ‘a little’. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἔχουσιν | punct | high |
ὄνομα δὲ τῇ πόλει τῇ νῦν Δυρράχιον ἀπὸ τοῦ οἰκιστοῦ.
Elliptical nominal sentence: ὄνομα is the subject/predicate notion ‘name’, with an understood ἐστίν; τῇ πόλει ... is a dative of reference, and ἀπὸ τοῦ οἰκιστοῦ expresses the name’s origin. The second τῇ introduces a temporal relative-like modifier with νῦν, modifying πόλει; Δυρράχιον is the current name in apposition/predicative relation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Subject of the elliptical nominal sentence; understood ἐστίν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 1 ὄνομα | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | d-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 πόλει | det | high | Article agreeing with πόλει. |
| 4 | πόλει | πόλις | NOUN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ὄνομα | obl | high | Dative of reference: ‘for/to the city’. |
| 5 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | d-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 πόλει | det | medium | Article introducing the temporal modifier; formally agrees with πόλει. |
| 6 | νῦν | νῦν | ADV | d-------- | _ | 7 Δυρράχιον | advmod | high | Temporal adverb, ‘now/currently’. |
| 7 | Δυρράχιον | Δυρράχιον | PROPN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ὄνομα | appos | medium | Current city name, appositional or predicative with ὄνομα; neuter nominative form. |
| 8 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | r-------- | _ | 10 οἰκιστοῦ | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 9 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | d-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 οἰκιστοῦ | det | high | Article agreeing with οἰκιστοῦ. |
| 10 | οἰκιστοῦ | οἰκιστής | NOUN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ὄνομα | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἀπό; names the founder as the source of the name. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ὄνομα | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |