Grammar parses for passage 6.12.3
Open translation for this passage
οὗτος ὁ Ἱέρων ξενίαν πρὸς Πύρρον τὸν Αἰακίδου καὶ ὁμοῦ τῇ ξενίᾳ καὶ ἐπιγαμίαν ἐποιήσατο, Γέλωνι τῷ παιδὶ Νηρηίδα ἀγαγόμενος τὴν Πύρρου.
The participle ἀγαγόμενος is circumstantial and supplies the marriage arrangement: Hiero took Nereis, daughter of Pyrrhus, as wife for his child Gelon. The repeated genitive Πύρρου is patronymic/possessive; ξενίαν and ἐπιγαμίαν are coordinated objects of ἐποιήσατο.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | D-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 Ἱέρων | det | high | |
| 2 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 Ἱέρων | det | high | |
| 3 | Ἱέρων | Ἱέρων | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἐποιήσατο | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | ξενίαν | ξενία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἐποιήσατο | obj | high | Coordinated with ἐπιγαμίαν. |
| 5 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | P | _ | 6 Πύρρον | case | high | |
| 6 | Πύρρον | Πύρρος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ξενίαν | nmod | high | Object of πρὸς within the ξενίαν relation. |
| 7 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Πύρρον | det | high | |
| 8 | Αἰακίδου | Αἰακίδης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Πύρρον | appos | high | Patronymic apposition: Pyrrhus son of Aeacides. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 14 ἐπιγαμίαν | cc | high | Coordinates ξενίαν and ἐπιγαμίαν. |
| 10 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | D | _ | 15 ἐποιήσατο | advmod | high | |
| 11 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 ξενίᾳ | det | high | |
| 12 | ξενίᾳ | ξενία | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ὁμοῦ | obl | high | Dative complement with ὁμοῦ. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 14 ἐπιγαμίαν | cc | high | |
| 14 | ἐπιγαμίαν | ἐπιγαμία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἐποιήσατο | conj | high | Coordinated object with ξενίαν. |
| 15 | ἐποιήσατο | ποιέω | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐποιήσατο | punct | high | |
| 17 | Γέλωνι | Γέλων | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἀγαγόμενος | iobj | medium | Dative beneficiary/recipient of the marriage arrangement. |
| 18 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 παιδὶ | det | high | |
| 19 | παιδὶ | παῖς | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Γέλωνι | appos | high | Apposition to Γέλωνι. |
| 20 | Νηρηίδα | Νηρηίς | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ἀγαγόμενος | obj | high | Object of ἀγαγόμενος. |
| 21 | ἀγαγόμενος | ἄγω | VERB | V-AMP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 15 ἐποιήσατο | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with Ἱέρων. |
| 22 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 Πύρρου | det | high | |
| 23 | Πύρρου | Πύρρος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 Νηρηίδα | nmod | high | Genitive of parentage/possession: Nereis, Pyrrhus's daughter. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐποιήσατο | punct | high |
Ῥωμαίων δὲ περὶ Σικελίας ἐς τὴν πρὸς Καρχηδονίους πόλεμον καταστάντων εἶχον μὲν οἱ Καρχηδόνιοι τῆς νήσου πλέον ἢ ἥμισυ, Ἱέρωνι δὲ συνιόντων μὲν ἄρτι ἐς τὸν πόλεμον ἑλέσθαι τὰ Καρχηδονίων ἤρεσε, μετὰ δὲ οὐ πολὺ δυνάμει τε εἶναι νομίζων τὰ Ῥωμαίων ἐχυρώτερα καὶ βεβαιότερα ἅμα ἐς φιλίαν μετεβάλετο ὡς τούτους.
Complex participial construction: genitive absolute Ῥωμαίων ... καταστάντων; Ἱέρωνι is the dative subject of συνιόντων and the experiencer with ἤρεσε. The later νομίζων is a nominative participle agreeing with Ἱέρων and governs an accusative-plus-infinitive (τὰ Ῥωμαίων ἐχυρώτερα καὶ βεβαιότερα εἶναι).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | A-P---G- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 καταστάντων | nsubj | high | Genitive-absolutive subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 εἶχον | cc | high | |
| 3 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 Σικελίας | case | high | |
| 4 | Σικελίας | Σικελία | PROPN | N-S---G- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 καταστάντων | obl | high | Object of περί. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 τὴν | case | high | |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-S---F-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 πόλεμον | det | high | |
| 7 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 Καρχηδονίους | case | high | |
| 8 | Καρχηδονίους | Καρχηδόνιος | PROPN | A-P---A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 πόλεμον | nmod | high | Object of πρὸς. |
| 9 | πόλεμον | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-S---A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 καταστάντων | obl | high | Accusative with εἰς. |
| 10 | καταστάντων | καθίστημι | VERB | V-AAP-GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 11 εἶχον | advcl | high | Genitive absolute. |
| 11 | εἶχον | ἔχω | VERB | V-IAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 11 εἶχον | discourse | high | Correlative with δὲ. |
| 13 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-P---M-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 Καρχηδόνιοι | det | high | |
| 14 | Καρχηδόνιοι | Καρχηδόνιος | PROPN | A-P---M-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 εἶχον | nsubj | high | |
| 15 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-S---F-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 νήσου | det | high | |
| 16 | νήσου | νῆσος | NOUN | N-S---F-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 πλέον | nmod | high | Partitive genitive. |
| 17 | πλέον | πλείων | ADJ | A-S---N-A | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 εἶχον | obj | medium | Substantival accusative, modified by ἢ ἥμισυ. |
| 18 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 ἥμισυ | cc | high | Comparative conjunction. |
| 19 | ἥμισυ | ἥμισυς | ADJ | A-S---N-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 πλέον | conj | high | Substantival neuter. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 εἶχον | punct | high | |
| 21 | Ἱέρωνι | Ἱέρων | PROPN | N-S---M-D | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 ἤρεσε | iobj | high | Dative experiencer with ἤρεσε; also understood as subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 22 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 32 ἤρεσε | cc | high | |
| 23 | συνιόντων | σύνειμι | VERB | V-PAP-GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 32 ἤρεσε | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute; subject is implicit/elliptical, likely Ἱέρων with the opposing party. |
| 24 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 23 συνιόντων | discourse | high | Correlative with δὲ at 35. |
| 25 | ἄρτι | ἄρτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 23 συνιόντων | advmod | high | |
| 26 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 28 πόλεμον | case | high | |
| 27 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-S---M-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 πόλεμον | det | high | |
| 28 | πόλεμον | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-S---M-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 συνιόντων | obl | high | |
| 29 | ἑλέσθαι | αἱρέω | VERB | V-AMN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 32 ἤρεσε | csubj | high | Infinitive subject of ἤρεσε. |
| 30 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-P---N-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 31 Καρχηδονίων | det | high | |
| 31 | Καρχηδονίων | Καρχηδόνιος | PROPN | A-P---G- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 ἑλέσθαι | nmod | high | Genitive possessive: the Carthaginians' option/side. |
| 32 | ἤρεσε | ἀρέσκω | VERB | V-AAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 11 εἶχον | parataxis | high | Second coordinated finite predicate. |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 32 ἤρεσε | punct | high | |
| 34 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 37 πολὺ | case | high | Temporal μετά with accusative. |
| 35 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 50 μετεβάλετο | cc | high | Contrasts with μὲν at 24. |
| 36 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | T-------- | _ | 37 πολὺ | advmod | high | |
| 37 | πολὺ | πολύς | ADJ | A-S---N-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 50 μετεβάλετο | obl | high | Substantival temporal accusative with μετά. |
| 38 | δυνάμει | δύναμις | NOUN | N-S---F-D | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 40 εἶναι | obl | medium | Dative of respect/capacity with εἶναι. |
| 39 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 38 δυνάμει | cc | high | |
| 40 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PXN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 41 νομίζων | xcomp | high | Infinitive in the accusative-plus-infinitive construction. |
| 41 | νομίζων | νομίζω | VERB | V-PAP-N-SM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 50 μετεβάλετο | advcl | high | Nominative circumstantial participle, agreeing with Ἱέρων. |
| 42 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-P---N-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 44 ἐχυρώτερα | det | high | |
| 43 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | A-P---G- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 44 ἐχυρώτερα | nmod | high | Possessive genitive. |
| 44 | ἐχυρώτερα | ἐχυρός | ADJ | A-P---N- C | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 40 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective in the infinitival clause; token form is comparative neuter plural. |
| 45 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 46 βεβαιότερα | cc | high | |
| 46 | βεβαιότερα | βέβαιος | ADJ | A-P---N- C | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 44 ἐχυρώτερα | conj | high | Coordinated predicate adjective. |
| 47 | ἅμα | ἅμα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 50 μετεβάλετο | advmod | high | Adverbial, ‘at the same time’. |
| 48 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 49 φιλίαν | case | high | |
| 49 | φιλίαν | φιλία | NOUN | N-S---F-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 50 μετεβάλετο | obl | high | Directional/resultative phrase. |
| 50 | μετεβάλετο | μεταβάλλω | VERB | V-AMI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 11 εἶχον | conj | high | Finite predicate coordinated with εἶχον. |
| 51 | ὡς | ὡς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 52 τούτους | case | medium | Here treated as a preposition-like directional complement, ‘toward’. |
| 52 | τούτους | οὗτος | PRON | PD-P---M-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 50 μετεβάλετο | obl | high | Refers to the Romans. |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 εἶχον | punct | high |