Grammar parses for passage 6.12.5
Open translation for this passage
μετὰ δὲ τοῦ Ἱέρωνος τὰς εἰκόνας Ἀρεὺς ὁ Ἀκροτάτου Λακεδαιμονίων βασιλεὺς καὶ Ἄρατος ἕστηκεν ὁ Κλεινίου, καὶ αὖθις ἀναβεβηκώς ἐστιν Ἀρεὺς ἵππον.
The syntax is somewhat elliptical/corrupt: Ἀρεὺς and Ἄρατος are coordinated subjects of ἕστηκεν, while ἀναβεβηκώς ἐστιν introduces a second description of Ἀρεὺς with an accusative object ἵππον; the article–genitive groups are treated as patronymic/appositional modifiers.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 6 εἰκόνας | case | high | With genitive τοῦ Ἱέρωνος. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 14 ἕστηκεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Ἱέρωνος | det | high | |
| 4 | Ἱέρωνος | Ἱέρων | PROPN | NE---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 εἰκόνας | nmod | high | Possessive/relational genitive. |
| 5 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | S---AFP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 εἰκόνας | det | high | |
| 6 | εἰκόνας | εἰκών | NOUN | N-----AFP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 14 ἕστηκεν | obl | medium | Object/location complement associated with ἕστηκεν; exact construction is elliptical. |
| 7 | Ἀρεὺς | Ἀρεύς | PROPN | NE---NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἕστηκεν | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S---NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 Ἀκροτάτου | det | high | Article in name/appositional phrase. |
| 9 | Ἀκροτάτου | Ἀκρότατος | PROPN | NE---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ἀρεὺς | nmod | medium | Likely patronymic/name element; token is genitive despite preceding nominative article. |
| 10 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | ADJ | A--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 βασιλεὺς | amod | high | Substantivized ethnic adjective modifying βασιλεύς. |
| 11 | βασιλεὺς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ἀρεὺς | appos | high | Apposition to Ἀρεὺς. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 13 Ἄρατος | cc | high | |
| 13 | Ἄρατος | Ἄρατος | PROPN | NE---NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἕστηκεν | conj | high | Coordinated subject. |
| 14 | ἕστηκεν | ἵστημι | VERB | V--XPAI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect with stative meaning, singular despite coordinated/names-based subject. |
| 15 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S---NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 Κλεινίου | det | high | Article in patronymic/appositional phrase. |
| 16 | Κλεινίου | Κλεινίας | PROPN | NE---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 Ἄρατος | nmod | medium | Patronymic genitive associated with Ἄρατος; article does not agree in case. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἕστηκεν | punct | high | |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 21 ἐστιν | cc | high | Connects the second predication. |
| 19 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | D | _ | 20 ἀναβεβηκώς | advmod | high | |
| 20 | ἀναβεβηκώς | ἀναβαίνω | VERB | V--XPA-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 21 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Perfect active participle, predicative with ἐστιν. |
| 21 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 14 ἕστηκεν | conj | high | Second coordinated finite predication. |
| 22 | Ἀρεὺς | Ἀρεύς | PROPN | NE---NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστιν. |
| 23 | ἵππον | ἵππος | NOUN | N-----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἀναβεβηκώς | obj | medium | Accusative object of ἀναβεβηκώς; construction may be elliptical for riding a horse. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἕστηκεν | punct | high |
ἀνάθημα δὲ ὁ μὲν Κορινθίων ὁ Ἄρατος, Ἀρεὺς δὲ Ἠλείων ἐστί·
Elliptical copular coordination: Ἄρατος is the Corinthian dedication, while Ἀρεύς is the Elean one; ἀνάθημα is shared as predicate nominative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀνάθημα | ἀνάθημα | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Predicate nominative introducing the subject/topic. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 1 ἀνάθημα | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ἄρατος | det | high | Article substantivizing the proper name. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | d-------- | _ | 7 Ἄρατος | discourse | high | First member of the μέν...δέ contrast. |
| 5 | Κορινθίων | Κορίνθιος | PROPN | a-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 Ἄρατος | nmod | high | Genitive of affiliation: the Corinthian [dedication]. |
| 6 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ἄρατος | det | high | Article with the proper name. |
| 7 | Ἄρατος | Ἄρατος | PROPN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνάθημα | nsubj | high | Subject, with omitted/copular ἐστί understood in the first clause. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 Ἄρατος | punct | high | |
| 9 | Ἀρεὺς | Ἀρεύς | PROPN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνάθημα | nsubj | high | Subject of the second μέν...δέ clause. |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 9 Ἀρεὺς | cc | high | Second member of the μέν...δέ contrast. |
| 11 | Ἠλείων | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | a-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 Ἀρεὺς | nmod | high | Genitive of affiliation: the Elean [dedication]. |
| 12 | ἐστί | εἰμί | AUX | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 ἀνάθημα | cop | high | Copula of the second clause; predicate nominative ἀνάθημα is shared. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀνάθημα | punct | high |
καί μοι τοῦ λόγου τὰ πρότερα οὔτε τῶν ἐς Ἄρατον οὔτε τῶν ἐς Ἀρέα ἀμνημόνως ἔσχεν, Ἄρατος δὲ καὶ ἅρματι ἀνηγορεύθη νικῶν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ.
The first clause is idiomatic and elliptical: πρότερα is substantivized, with genitives τῶν ἐς Ἄρατον and τῶν ἐς Ἀρέα specifying the matters previously discussed; the second clause coordinates a further assertion about Ἄρατος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καί | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 16 ἔσχεν | cc | high | |
| 2 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1D-S | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 16 ἔσχεν | iobj | high | |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 λόγου | det | high | |
| 4 | λόγου | λόγος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 πρότερα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on πρότερα, referring to the preceding discourse. |
| 5 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 πρότερα | det | high | |
| 6 | πρότερα | πρότερος | ADJ | A-NPA | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 16 ἔσχεν | nsubj | medium | Substantivized neuter plural, subject of ἔσχεν; syntax is elliptical/idiomatic. |
| 7 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 8 τῶν | cc | high | |
| 8 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 πρότερα | nmod | medium | Substantivized genitive plural, part of the first οὔτε...οὔτε coordination. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 10 Ἄρατον | case | high | |
| 10 | Ἄρατον | Ἄρατος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 τῶν | nmod | high | |
| 11 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 12 τῶν | cc | high | |
| 12 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 πρότερα | nmod | medium | Second coordinated substantivized genitive plural. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 14 Ἀρέα | case | high | |
| 14 | Ἀρέα | Ἄρης | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 τῶν | nmod | high | Accusative form of the proper name Ἄρης. |
| 15 | ἀμνημόνως | ἀμνημόνως | ADV | D- | Degree=Pos | 16 ἔσχεν | advmod | high | |
| 16 | ἔσχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V-3AAI-S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Idiomatic construction; literal syntactic relations are somewhat compressed. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἔσχεν | punct | high | |
| 18 | Ἄρατος | Ἄρατος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἀνηγορεύθη | nsubj | high | |
| 19 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 22 ἀνηγορεύθη | cc | high | |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 21 ἅρματι | advmod | medium | Adverbial καί modifying the instrumental phrase. |
| 21 | ἅρματι | ἅρμα | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ἀνηγορεύθη | obl | high | Instrumental dative. |
| 22 | ἀνηγορεύθη | ἀναγορεύω | VERB | V-3API-S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 16 ἔσχεν | conj | high | |
| 23 | νικῶν | νικάω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 22 ἀνηγορεύθη | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, agreeing with Ἄρατος. |
| 24 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 25 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | |
| 25 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 νικῶν | obl | high | Location of the victory. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἀνηγορεύθη | punct | high |