Grammar parses for passage 6.13.3
Open translation for this passage
ἐοικότα δὲ Χιόνιδι τὰ ἐς δόξαν καὶ ἀνὴρ Λύκιος παρέσχετο Ἑρμογένης Ξάνθιος, ὃς τὸν κότινον ἐν τρισὶν Ὀλυμπιάσιν ἀνείλετο ὀκτάκις ἐπίκλησίν τε ἔσχεν Ἵππος ὑπὸ Ἑλλήνων·
The opening participial phrase is syntactically compressed: ἐοικότα appears to govern an implied comparison or predicate relation with τὰ ἐς δόξαν and Χιόνιδι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐοικότα | ἔοικα | VERB | Ptcp | Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 παρέσχετο | xcomp | medium | Likely participle agreeing with implied object 'τὰ' or predicative complement; syntax somewhat loose. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 10 παρέσχετο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Χιόνιδι | Χιόνης | PROPN | N-s---d- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἐοικότα | iobj | medium | Dative complement of participle/adjective; probably proper name Χιόνης. |
| 4 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 1 ἐοικότα | obj | high | Article functioning substantivally with omitted noun or as anticipatory object. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 δόξαν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 6 | δόξαν | δόξα | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἐοικότα | obl | high | Prepositional phrase dependent on ἐοικότα. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ἀνὴρ | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 8 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 παρέσχετο | nsubj | high | Subject of παρέσχετο. |
| 9 | Λύκιος | Λύκιος | ADJ | A-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀνὴρ | amod | high | Ethnic adjective modifying ἀνήρ. |
| 10 | παρέσχετο | παρέχω | VERB | V-3sami-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 11 | Ἑρμογένης | Ἑρμογένης | PROPN | N-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀνὴρ | appos | high | Apposition to ἀνήρ. |
| 12 | Ξάνθιος | Ξάνθιος | ADJ | A-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Ἑρμογένης | amod | high | Ethnic adjective modifying Ἑρμογένης. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 παρέσχετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 14 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | P-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 24 ἔσχεν | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun introducing clause. |
| 15 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 κότινον | det | high | Article. |
| 16 | κότινον | κότινος | NOUN | N-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἀνείλετο | obj | high | Direct object of ἀνείλετο. |
| 17 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 Ὀλυμπιάσιν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 18 | τρισὶν | τρεῖς | NUM | M-p---dd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 Ὀλυμπιάσιν | nummod | high | Numeral modifying Ὀλυμπιάσιν. |
| 19 | Ὀλυμπιάσιν | Ὀλυμπιάς | NOUN | N-p---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 20 ἀνείλετο | obl | high | Temporal oblique phrase. |
| 20 | ἀνείλετο | ἀναιρέω | VERB | V-3sami-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 24 ἔσχεν | advcl | high | Verb of the relative clause coordinated with ἔσχεν. |
| 21 | ὀκτάκις | ὀκτάκις | ADV | D-------- | _ | 20 ἀνείλετο | advmod | high | Adverbial numeral. |
| 22 | ἐπίκλησίν | ἐπίκλησις | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἔσχεν | obj | high | Object of ἔσχεν. |
| 23 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 24 ἔσχεν | cc | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 24 | ἔσχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V-3siae-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 14 ὃς | conj | high | Second coordinated verb in relative clause. |
| 25 | Ἵππος | Ἵππος | PROPN | N-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἔσχεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔσχεν. |
| 26 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 27 Ἑλλήνων | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 27 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 ἔσχεν | obl | high | Agentive phrase with passive-like sense under ἔχω/ἐπίκλησιν ἔσχεν. |
| 28 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 παρέσχετο | punct | high | Sentence-ending punctuation. |
ὁ Πολίτης δʼ ἦν οὗτος ἐκ Κεράμου τῆς ἐν τῇ Θρακίᾳ Καρίᾳ, ἀνέφηνε δὲ ἀρετὴν ποδῶν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ πᾶσαν·
The opening clause has a copular structure with both Πολίτης and οὗτος referring to the subject; Καρίᾳ likely continues the geographic modifier of Κεράμου.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 2 Πολίτης | det | high | Article modifying Πολίτης. |
| 2 | Πολίτης | πολίτης | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦν. |
| 3 | δʼ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 4 ἦν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 4 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 5 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 ἦν | nsubj | medium | Likely appositional or predicative with ἦν; taken as subject-like demonstrative. |
| 6 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 7 Κεράμου | case | high | Preposition governing Κεράμου. |
| 7 | Κεράμου | Κέραμος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 Πολίτης | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἐκ modifying Πολίτης. |
| 8 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 Καρίᾳ | det | high | Article modifying Καρίᾳ. |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 12 Καρίᾳ | case | high | Preposition governing Θρακίᾳ. |
| 10 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 Θρακίᾳ | det | high | Article modifying Θρακίᾳ. |
| 11 | Θρακίᾳ | Θρᾴκη | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 Καρίᾳ | nmod | medium | Dative dependent inside the adjectival phrase Καρίᾳ. |
| 12 | Καρίᾳ | Κάριος | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Κεράμου | amod | medium | Adjectival/attributive phrase with embedded PP ἐν τῇ Θρακίᾳ; modifying Κεράμου. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἦν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 14 | ἀνέφηνε | ἀναφαίνω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 4 ἦν | conj | high | Second coordinated verb with δὲ. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 14 ἀνέφηνε | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 16 | ἀρετὴν | ἀρετή | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἀνέφηνε | obj | high | Direct object of ἀνέφηνε. |
| 17 | ποδῶν | πούς | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἀρετὴν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἀρετήν. |
| 18 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 19 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | Preposition governing Ὀλυμπίᾳ. |
| 19 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἀνέφηνε | obl | high | Locative oblique of ἀνέφηνε. |
| 20 | πᾶσαν | πᾶς | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἀρετὴν | amod | high | Modifies ἀρετήν. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἀνέφηνε | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἀπὸ γὰρ τοῦ μηκίστου καὶ διαρκεστάτου διʼ ὀλιγίστου δὴ καιροῦ μεθηρμόσατο ἐπὶ τὸ βραχύτατον ὁμοῦ καὶ ὤκιστον, καὶ δολίχου τε ἐν ἡμέρᾳ τῇ αὐτῇ καὶ παραυτίκα σταδίου λαβὼν νίκην προσέθηκε δὲ διαύλου σφίσι τὴν τρίτην.
Two coordinated main clauses share a highly compressed ellipsis in the comparative measure phrases; the second clause likely omits a governing noun after διαύλου, making the relation of token 33 somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | P- | _ | 11 μεθηρμόσατο | case | high | governs the genitive phrase |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | G | _ | 11 μεθηρμόσατο | discourse | high | postpositive explanatory particle |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 μηκίστου | det | high | article modifying comparative adjective used substantively |
| 4 | μηκίστου | μακρός | ADJ | A-S---GSN- | Case=Gen|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 καιροῦ | amod | high | superlative adjective functioning as noun modifier |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 6 διαρκεστάτου | cc | high | joins coordinated adjectives |
| 6 | διαρκεστάτου | διαρκής | ADJ | A-S---GSN- | Case=Gen|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 μηκίστου | conj | high | coordinated with μηκίστου |
| 7 | διʼ | διά | ADP | P- | _ | 10 καιροῦ | case | high | governs genitive |
| 8 | ὀλιγίστου | ὀλίγος | ADJ | A-S---GSN- | Case=Gen|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 καιροῦ | amod | high | superlative adjective modifying καιροῦ |
| 9 | δὴ | δή | PART | G | _ | 11 μεθηρμόσατο | discourse | high | emphatic particle |
| 10 | καιροῦ | καιρός | NOUN | N-S---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 μεθηρμόσατο | obl | high | complement of ἀπό and διʼ |
| 11 | μεθηρμόσατο | μεταρμόζω | VERB | V-AMI3S--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | main verb of the first clause |
| 12 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P- | _ | 11 μεθηρμόσατο | case | high | introduces goal/comparison phrase |
| 13 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 βραχύτατον | det | high | article with superlative adjective |
| 14 | βραχύτατον | βραχύς | ADJ | A-S---ASN- | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 μεθηρμόσατο | obl | high | predicate/goal expression with ἐπί |
| 15 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | D- | _ | 14 βραχύτατον | advmod | high | modifies the superlative phrase |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 17 ὤκιστον | cc | high | joins adjectives |
| 17 | ὤκιστον | ὠκύς | ADJ | A-S---ASN- | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 βραχύτατον | conj | high | coordinated with βραχύτατον |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 μεθηρμόσατο | punct | high | punctuation |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 31 προσέθηκε | cc | high | coordinates the second main clause with the first |
| 20 | δολίχου | δόλιχος | NOUN | N-S---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 σταδίου | nmod | medium | genitive dependent of σταδίου |
| 21 | τε | τε | PART | G | _ | 20 δολίχου | discourse | medium | enclitic connective particle |
| 22 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P- | _ | 23 ἡμέρᾳ | case | high | governs dative |
| 23 | ἡμέρᾳ | ἡμέρα | NOUN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 σταδίου | nmod | high | temporal modifier of σταδίου |
| 24 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | RA | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 ἡμέρᾳ | det | high | article |
| 25 | αὐτῇ | αὐτός | ADJ | A-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 ἡμέρᾳ | amod | high | attributive adjective with article |
| 26 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 27 παραυτίκα | cc | high | joins adverbs |
| 27 | παραυτίκα | παραυτίκα | ADV | D- | _ | 28 σταδίου | advmod | high | adverbial modifier of σταδίου |
| 28 | σταδίου | στάδιον | NOUN | N-S---GSN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 31 προσέθηκε | obl | high | genitive measure/extent with λαβών |
| 29 | λαβὼν | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-AAP-SNM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 31 προσέθηκε | advcl | high | participial attendant circumstance |
| 30 | νίκην | νίκη | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 λαβὼν | obj | high | object of λαβών |
| 31 | προσέθηκε | προστίθημι | VERB | V-AAI3S--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | main verb of the second clause |
| 32 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 31 προσέθηκε | discourse | high | postpositive contrastive/continuative particle |
| 33 | διαύλου | δίαυλος | NOUN | N-S---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 προσέθηκε | obj | medium | genitive of content/measure after προσέθηκε; syntactic analysis uncertain |
| 34 | σφίσι | σφεῖς | PRON | P-P---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 31 προσέθηκε | iobj | high | dative recipient |
| 35 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 36 τρίτην | det | high | article with ordinal adjective |
| 36 | τρίτην | τρίτος | ADJ | A-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 31 προσέθηκε | obj | high | object of προσέθηκε; ‘the third’ |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 προσέθηκε | punct | high | punctuation |