Grammar parses for passage 6.13.4
Open translation for this passage
οἳ δʼ ἂν ἐν ἑκάστῃ τάξει κρατήσωσιν, ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν αὖθις θέουσι τῶν ἄθλων·
The syntax is straightforward overall: a relative clause with a modal particle and a main clause; the final genitive phrase with τῶν ἄθλων is somewhat elliptical in relation to ὑπέρ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἳ | ὅς | PRON | P-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Rel | 7 κρατήσωσιν | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun introducing the clause. |
| 2 | δʼ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 οἳ | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | _ | _ | 7 κρατήσωσιν | advmod | high | Modal particle with the subjunctive. |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 6 τάξει | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 5 | ἑκάστῃ | ἕκαστος | DET | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 6 τάξει | det | high | Attributive adjective used pronominally/determiner-like. |
| 6 | τάξει | τάξις | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 κρατήσωσιν | obl | high | Dative object of ἐν. |
| 7 | κρατήσωσιν | κρατέω | VERB | V-AAS-3P | Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 1 οἳ | acl:relcl | high | Finite verb of the relative clause. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 κρατήσωσιν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 9 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | R | _ | 10 αὐτῶν | case | high | Preposition with genitive. |
| 10 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-PGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 12 θέουσι | obl | high | Genitive object of ὑπέρ. |
| 11 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | D | _ | 12 θέουσι | advmod | high | Adverb modifying θέουσι. |
| 12 | θέουσι | θέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 13 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 14 ἄθλων | det | high | Article introducing genitive phrase. |
| 14 | ἄθλων | ἄθλος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 θέουσι | obl | high | Genitive complement; likely with ὑπέρ implied by context/ellipsis. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 θέουσι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
καὶ οὕτω σταδίου δύο ὁ στεφανούμενος ἀναιρήσεται νίκας.
The syntax is straightforward overall; the main ambiguity is whether σταδίου δύο is best taken as a genitive of measure/extent modifying the verbal idea.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 7 ἀναιρήσεται | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction linking to previous clause. |
| 2 | οὕτω | οὕτω | ADV | _ | _ | 7 ἀναιρήσεται | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the main verb. |
| 3 | σταδίου | στάδιον | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἀναιρήσεται | obl | medium | Likely genitive of measure with the motion/extent implied by the clause. |
| 4 | δύο | δύο | NUM | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 σταδίου | nummod | high | Numeral agreeing with σταδίου. |
| 5 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 στεφανούμενος | det | high | Definite article introducing the participial subject. |
| 6 | στεφανούμενος | στεφανόω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 7 ἀναιρήσεται | nsubj | high | Articular participle functioning as subject. |
| 7 | ἀναιρήσεται | ἀναιρέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 8 | νίκας | νίκη | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 ἀναιρήσεται | obj | medium | Object/complement of ἀναιρέω; plural form may reflect textual or idiomatic usage. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀναιρήσεται | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
τὰ μέντοι ἐπιφανέστατα ἐς δρόμον Λεωνίδᾳ Ῥοδίῳ ἐστίν· ἐπὶ γὰρ τέσσαρας Ὀλυμπιάδας ἀκμάζων τε τῇ ὠκύτητι ἀντήρκεσε, καὶ γεγόνασιν αὐτῷ δρόμου νῖκαι δύο ἀριθμὸν καὶ δέκα.
The syntax is straightforward overall, but the opening noun phrase and the final numeral expression ἀριθμὸν καὶ δέκα are somewhat elliptical; I treat the latter as an appositive numeral phrase meaning 'twelve in number'.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | RTC-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 3 ἐπιφανέστατα | obj | high | Article substantivized with ἐπιφανέστατα. |
| 2 | μέντοι | μέντοι | PART | PTCL | _ | 8 ἐστίν | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | ἐπιφανέστατα | ἐπιφανής | ADJ | A-SN-SUP | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ἐστίν | nsubj | medium | Neuter plural substantive phrase, likely subject of ἐστίν. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 δρόμον | case | high | Preposition. |
| 5 | δρόμον | δρόμος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστίν | obl | high | Goal-like oblique with ἐς. |
| 6 | Λεωνίδᾳ | Λεωνίδας | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστίν | obl | high | Dative of reference/association. |
| 7 | Ῥοδίῳ | Ῥόδιος | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Λεωνίδᾳ | amod | high | Epexegetic/attributive adjective with the proper name. |
| 8 | ἐστίν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστίν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 14 ἀκμάζων | case | high | Preposition with temporal phrase. |
| 11 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | PTCL | _ | 14 ἀκμάζων | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 12 | τέσσαρας | τέσσαρες | NUM | A-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 13 Ὀλυμπιάδας | nummod | high | Numeral modifying Ὀλυμπιάδας. |
| 13 | Ὀλυμπιάδας | Ὀλυμπιάς | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 ἀντήρκεσε | obl | high | Temporal oblique with ἐπὶ. |
| 14 | ἀκμάζων | ἀκμάζω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 18 ἀντήρκεσε | advcl | high | Participial clause modifying ἀντήρκεσε. |
| 15 | τε | τε | PART | PTCL | _ | 14 ἀκμάζων | discourse | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 16 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | RTC-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 ὠκύτητι | det | high | Article with ὠκύτητι. |
| 17 | ὠκύτητι | ὠκύτης | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἀκμάζων | obl | high | Dative of respect with ἀκμάζων. |
| 18 | ἀντήρκεσε | ἀνταρκέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 8 ἐστίν | conj | high | Coordinated with the first clause. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἀντήρκεσε | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 γεγόνασιν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 21 | γεγόνασιν | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-RAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 8 ἐστίν | conj | high | Second coordinated main verb. |
| 22 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 21 γεγόνασιν | obl | high | Dative of possession/reference. |
| 23 | δρόμου | δρόμος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 νῖκαι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of νῖκαι. |
| 24 | νῖκαι | νίκη | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 γεγόνασιν | nsubj | high | Subject of γεγόνασιν. |
| 25 | δύο | δύο | NUM | A-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 24 νῖκαι | nummod | high | Numeral modifying νῖκαι. |
| 26 | ἀριθμὸν | ἀριθμός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 δέκα | advmod | medium | Accusative of measure/extent: 'by number'. |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 28 δέκα | cc | high | Connects numeral components. |
| 28 | δέκα | δέκα | NUM | A- | NumType=Card | 25 δύο | conj | medium | Likely part of the numeral expression 'twelve'; attached under δύο as compound coordination. |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστίν | punct | high | Punctuation. |