Grammar parses for passage 6.14.11
Open translation for this passage
ἀπὸ τῆς Ἀριστοτίμου τυραννίδος ἠλευθέρωσεν Ἠλείους.
Simple transitive clause: ἠλευθέρωσεν takes Ἠλείους as accusative object; ἀπό with the genitive phrase marks separation from Aristotimus' tyranny.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 τυραννίδος | case | high | |
| 2 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 τυραννίδος | det | high | |
| 3 | Ἀριστοτίμου | Ἀριστότιμος | PROPN | NPR-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 τυραννίδος | nmod | high | Proper name in the genitive; agrees semantically with the possessor of τυραννίς. |
| 4 | τυραννίδος | τυραννίς | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἠλευθέρωσεν | obl | high | |
| 5 | ἠλευθέρωσεν | ἐλευθερόω | VERB | V-3SAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | Ἠλείους | Ἠλεῖος | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἠλευθέρωσεν | obj | high | Ethnic adjective used substantivally for the Eleans. |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | punct | _ | 5 ἠλευθέρωσεν | punct | high |
Γόργον δὲ τὸν Εὐκλήτου Μεσσήνιον ἀνελόμενον πεντάθλου νίκην καὶ Δαμάρετον καὶ τοῦτον Μεσσήνιον κρατήσαντα πυγμῇ παῖδας, τὸν μὲν αὐτῶν Βοιώτιος Θήρων, Δαμαρέτου δὲ τὴν εἰκόνα Ἀθηναῖος Σιλανίων ἐποίησεν.
The sentence uses a compressed accusative sequence: Γόργον and Δαμάρετον/τοῦτον are linked to the participles, while παῖδας introduces the subsequent identification of the represented figures; attachment of παῖδας is therefore somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Γόργον | Γόργων | PROPN | N--AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 ἐποίησεν | obj | high | Personal name, coordinated object with Δαμάρετον. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 30 ἐποίησεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l--ams | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Εὐκλήτου | det | high | |
| 4 | Εὐκλήτου | Εὐκλήτος | PROPN | N--GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Μεσσήνιον | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitival identifier. |
| 5 | Μεσσήνιον | Μεσσήνιος | ADJ | A--AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Γόργον | amod | high | Ethnic adjective modifying Γόργον. |
| 6 | ἀνελόμενον | ἀναιρέω | VERB | V--AAP-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 1 Γόργον | acl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with Γόργον. |
| 7 | πεντάθλου | πένταθλον | NOUN | N--GNS | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 νίκην | nmod | high | |
| 8 | νίκην | νίκη | NOUN | N--AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἀνελόμενον | obj | high | |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 10 Δαμάρετον | cc | high | |
| 10 | Δαμάρετον | Δαμάρετος | PROPN | N--AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Γόργον | conj | high | Coordinated accusative name. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 12 τοῦτον | cc | high | |
| 12 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | PRON | pd--ams | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Δαμάρετον | conj | medium | Resumptive/additional accusative referring to Δαμάρετον. |
| 13 | Μεσσήνιον | Μεσσήνιος | ADJ | A--AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 τοῦτον | amod | high | |
| 14 | κρατήσαντα | κρατέω | VERB | V--AAP-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 12 τοῦτον | acl | high | Participial modifier of τοῦτον. |
| 15 | πυγμῇ | πυγμή | NOUN | N--DFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 κρατήσαντα | obl | high | Dative of contest/manner. |
| 16 | παῖδας | παῖς | NOUN | N--AMP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 ἐποίησεν | obj | medium | Predicative/elliptical accusative associated with the named victors; exact attachment is syntactically compressed. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 ἐποίησεν | punct | high | |
| 18 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l--ams | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 Θήρων | det | high | |
| 19 | μὲν | μέν | PART | d-------- | _ | 22 Θήρων | discourse | high | Correlative μέν; δέ follows at token 25. |
| 20 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | p--gmp | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 22 Θήρων | nmod | high | Partitive/genitival relation. |
| 21 | Βοιώτιος | Βοιώτιος | ADJ | A--NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 Θήρων | amod | high | Ethnic adjective modifying Θήρων. |
| 22 | Θήρων | Θήρων | PROPN | N--NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 ἐποίησεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐποίησεν. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 ἐποίησεν | punct | high | |
| 24 | Δαμαρέτου | Δαμάρετος | PROPN | N--GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 εἰκόνα | nmod | high | Genitive identifying the image. |
| 25 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 29 Σιλανίων | cc | high | Correlative with μέν at token 19. |
| 26 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l--afs | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 εἰκόνα | det | high | |
| 27 | εἰκόνα | εἰκών | NOUN | N--AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 ἐποίησεν | obj | high | |
| 28 | Ἀθηναῖος | Ἀθηναῖος | ADJ | A--NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 Σιλανίων | amod | high | Ethnic adjective modifying Σιλανίων. |
| 29 | Σιλανίων | Σιλανίων | PROPN | N--NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 ἐποίησεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐποίησεν in the δέ clause. |
| 30 | ἐποίησεν | ποιέω | VERB | V--AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 ἐποίησεν | punct | high |
Ἀναυχίδας δὲ ὁ Φίλυος Ἠλεῖος πάλης ἔσχεν ἐν παισὶ στέφανον καὶ ἐν ἀνδράσιν ὕστερον·
Ἀναυχίδας is the accusative object of ἔσχεν; ὁ Φίλυος Ἠλεῖος is the subject, with the ethnic adjective in apposition. πάλης is a genitive of contest/event with στέφανον understood as a prize, and the two ἐν-phrases specify age divisions; ὕστερον is an adverb modifying the later adult victory.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀναυχίδας | Ἀναυχίδας | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἔσχεν | obj | high | Personal name, accusative singular. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἔσχεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Φίλυος | det | high | Article with the personal name. |
| 4 | Φίλυος | Φίλυος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἔσχεν | nsubj | high | Personal name, nominative singular. |
| 5 | Ἠλεῖος | Ἠλεῖος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Φίλυος | appos | high | Ethnic adjective in apposition to Φίλυος. |
| 6 | πάλης | πάλη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 στέφανον | nmod | medium | Genitive of the wrestling contest/prize context; attachment to στέφανον is conventional but syntactically somewhat elliptical. |
| 7 | ἔσχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist active indicative, third singular. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 9 παισὶ | case | high | Preposition governing παισὶ. |
| 9 | παισὶ | παῖς | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἔσχεν | obl | high | Dative plural after ἐν, indicating the boys' division. |
| 10 | στέφανον | στέφανος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἔσχεν | obj | high | Accusative object of ἔσχεν, a crown/victory prize. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἔσχεν | cc | high | Coordinates the two age-division phrases. |
| 12 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 13 ἀνδράσιν | case | high | Preposition governing ἀνδράσιν. |
| 13 | ἀνδράσιν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἔσχεν | obl | high | Dative plural after ἐν, indicating the men's division. |
| 14 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | A-ASN | Degree=Pos | 7 ἔσχεν | advmod | high | Adverbial neuter accusative, ‘later’; modifies the adult victory. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔσχεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
τούτῳ μὲν δὴ τὴν εἰκόνα ὅστις ὁ εἰργασμένος ἐστὶν οὐκ ἴσμεν.
The sentence means that the maker of this image is unknown to us; ὅστις introduces an embedded interrogative/content clause, with ὁ εἰργασμένος as its subject and εἰκόνα as the object of the participle.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-dsm | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 εἰκόνα | iobj | medium | Dative likely refers to the person or subject represented; syntactic attachment is somewhat elliptical. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df | _ | 11 ἴσμεν | discourse | high | |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | Df | _ | 11 ἴσμεν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 εἰκόνα | det | high | |
| 5 | εἰκόνα | εἰκών | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 εἰργασμένος | obj | high | Object of the perfect participle εἰργασμένος. |
| 6 | ὅστις | ὅστις | PRON | Pi-nsm | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Int | 8 εἰργασμένος | nsubj | medium | Interrogative pronoun introducing the embedded question/content clause: ‘who [is] the one who made it’. |
| 7 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 εἰργασμένος | det | high | |
| 8 | εἰργασμένος | ἐργάζομαι | VERB | V-RMP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 9 ἐστὶν | nsubj | medium | Substantivized perfect middle/passive participle, ‘the one who made [it]’; exact voice is lexically ambiguous. |
| 9 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 11 ἴσμεν | ccomp | medium | Copular verb of the embedded content/interrogative clause; clause is coordinated semantically with the omitted predicate ‘[we do not know]’. |
| 10 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | Df | Polarity=Neg | 11 ἴσμεν | advmod | high | |
| 11 | ἴσμεν | οἶδα | VERB | V-RAI-1P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect-form verb with present meaning, ‘we know’. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἴσμεν | punct | high |
Ἄνοχος δὲ ὁ Ἀδαμάτα Ταραντῖνος, σταδίου λαβὼν καὶ διαύλου νίκην, ἐστὶν Ἀγελάδα τέχνη τοῦ Ἀργείου.
The final phrase Ἀγελάδα τέχνη τοῦ Ἀργείου is textually/syntactically difficult; it appears to be an elliptical attribution involving the Argive Ageladas, so the analyses of tokens 14–17 are low/medium confidence.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἄνοχος | ἄνοχος | ADJ | A--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 ἐστὶν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Ἀδαμάτα | det | high | |
| 4 | Ἀδαμάτα | Ἀδαμάτας | PROPN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Ἄνοχος | appos | medium | Personal name; form is nominative despite the apparent ending. |
| 5 | Ταραντῖνος | Ταραντῖνος | ADJ | A--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Ἀδαμάτα | amod | high | Ethnic adjective, ‘Tarentine’. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 λαβὼν | punct | high | |
| 7 | σταδίου | στάδιον | NOUN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 νίκην | nmod | high | Genitive of the event/race. |
| 8 | λαβὼν | λαμβάνω | VERB | V--AAPNSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 ἐστὶν | advcl | high | Aorist participle with implicit subject Ἄνοχος. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 διαύλου | cc | high | |
| 10 | διαύλου | δίαυλος | NOUN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 νίκην | nmod | high | Genitive of the event/race. |
| 11 | νίκην | νίκη | NOUN | N--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 λαβὼν | obj | high | Object of λαβών, with coordinated genitives specifying the victories. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐστὶν | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI3SG- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular verb. |
| 14 | Ἀγελάδα | Ἀγελάδας | PROPN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 τέχνη | obj | medium | Name in the accusative; construction is elliptical or textually difficult. |
| 15 | τέχνη | τέχνη | NOUN | N--NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἐστὶν | xcomp | low | Predicative phrase is syntactically difficult; likely an elliptical reference to artistic/workmanship attribution. |
| 16 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Ἀργείου | det | high | |
| 17 | Ἀργείου | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | A--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 τέχνη | nmod | medium | Argive; substantivized ethnic adjective, dependent on τέχνη. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐστὶν | punct | high |