Grammar parses for passage 6.14.2
Open translation for this passage
ὄγδοον γὰρ ἐπὶ τοῖς δέκα ἔτεσι γεγονὼς μὴ παλαῖσαι μὲν ἐν παισὶν ὑπὸ Ἠλείων ἀπηλάθη, ἀνηγορεύθη δὲ ἐν ἀνδράσιν, ὥσπερ γε καὶ ἐνίκησεν·
The sentence is a chain of coordinated finite verbs with a circumstantial participle; the temporal phrase ἐπὶ τοῖς δέκα ἔτεσι is attached to the participle as an adverbial modifier.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὄγδοον | ὄγδοος | ADJ | ADJ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 γεγονὼς | advmod | high | Accusative adverbial use: 'for the eighth time'. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | PART | _ | 7 γεγονὼς | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R- | _ | 7 γεγονὼς | obl | high | Introduces temporal expression. |
| 4 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἔτεσι | det | high | Article with δέκα ἔτεσι. |
| 5 | δέκα | δέκα | NUM | NU | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἔτεσι | nummod | high | Numeral modifying ἔτεσι. |
| 6 | ἔτεσι | ἔτος | NOUN | N- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 ἐπὶ | obj | medium | Part of temporal prepositional phrase; relation to ἐπί somewhat uncertain. |
| 7 | γεγονὼς | γίγνομαι | VERB | V- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 ἀπηλάθη | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with implicit subject of ἀπηλάθη/ἀνηγορεύθη. |
| 8 | μὴ | μή | PART | PRT | _ | 9 παλαῖσαι | advmod | high | Negates infinitive. |
| 9 | παλαῖσαι | παλαίω | VERB | V- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 15 ἀπηλάθη | advcl | high | Complementary infinitive dependent on ἀπηλάθη. |
| 10 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 9 παλαῖσαι | discourse | high | Correlative particle introducing first clause. |
| 11 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R- | _ | 12 παισὶν | case | high | Preposition with dative. |
| 12 | παισὶν | παῖς | NOUN | N- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 παλαῖσαι | obl | high | Locative/competitive phrase 'among boys'. |
| 13 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R- | _ | 14 Ἠλείων | case | high | Agentive preposition. |
| 14 | Ἠλείων | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | N- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἀπηλάθη | obl | high | Agent in passive clause. |
| 15 | ἀπηλάθη | ἀπελαύνω | VERB | V- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb of first clause. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἀπηλάθη | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 17 | ἀνηγορεύθη | ἀναγορεύω | VERB | V- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 15 ἀπηλάθη | conj | high | Second coordinated main verb. |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 17 ἀνηγορεύθη | discourse | high | Mild connective particle. |
| 19 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R- | _ | 20 ἀνδράσιν | case | high | Preposition with dative. |
| 20 | ἀνδράσιν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ἀνηγορεύθη | obl | high | Locative/competitive phrase 'among men'. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἀνηγορεύθη | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 22 | ὥσπερ | ὥσπερ | ADV | D- | _ | 25 ἐνίκησεν | advmod | high | Comparative adverb 'just as'. |
| 23 | γε | γε | PART | PART | _ | 22 ὥσπερ | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 25 ἐνίκησεν | cc | high | Links comparative clause content. |
| 25 | ἐνίκησεν | νικάω | VERB | V- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 17 ἀνηγορεύθη | conj | high | Final coordinated verb, likely sharing subject. |
| 26 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἀνηγορεύθη | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ἀνηγορεύθη δὲ καὶ ὕστερον Νεμέᾳ τε καὶ Ἰσθμῷ.
Straightforward clause with aorist passive main verb and coordinated dative-place complements; καὶ ὕστερον is best taken as modifying the verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀνηγορεύθη | ἀναγορεύω | VERB | V-API-3S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἀνηγορεύθη | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 ὕστερον | cc | medium | Likely coordinates ὕστερον with implied context; could also be adverbial focus. |
| 4 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 ἀνηγορεύθη | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 5 | Νεμέᾳ | Νεμέα | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνηγορεύθη | obl | high | Dative of place. |
| 6 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 5 Νεμέᾳ | advmod | medium | Enclitic connective particle attached to first coordinated place name. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 8 Ἰσθμῷ | cc | high | Coordinates the two datives. |
| 8 | Ἰσθμῷ | Ἰσθμός | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Νεμέᾳ | conj | high | Second coordinated dative of place. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀνηγορεύθη | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
γεγονότα δὲ εἰκοσαετῆ τὸ χρεὼν ἐπιλαμβάνει, πρὶν ἢ ἐς τὴν Ῥόδον αὐτὸν οἴκαδε ἀναστρέψαι.
The clause after πρὶν ἢ is an infinitival temporal clause; χρεὼν with εἰκοσαετῆ is treated as the subject-predicate core, though the adjective agreement is somewhat irregular.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γεγονότα | γιγνώσκω | VERB | V-_XAP-NSN | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Active | 5 χρεὼν | amod | high | Perfect active participle used adjectivally with χρεὼν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 6 ἐπιλαμβάνει | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | εἰκοσαετῆ | εἰκοσαετής | ADJ | A-ASF-? | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 5 χρεὼν | amod | medium | Likely agreeing with χρεὼν as an accusative/adjectival predicate; form is ambiguous. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-S---NSN | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 5 χρεὼν | det | high | Article with χρεὼν. |
| 5 | χρεὼν | χρεών | NOUN | N-S---NSN | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 6 ἐπιλαμβάνει | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐπιλαμβάνει. |
| 6 | ἐπιλαμβάνει | ἐπιλαμβάνω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐπιλαμβάνει | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 8 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | _ | _ | 15 ἀναστρέψαι | mark | high | Introduces temporal clause with infinitive. |
| 9 | ἢ | ἤ | SCONJ | _ | _ | 10 ἐς | fixed | medium | Correlative element in πρὶν ἢ construction. |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 15 ἀναστρέψαι | case | high | Preposition governing τὴν Ῥόδον. |
| 11 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-S---FSA | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 12 Ῥόδον | det | high | Article with Ῥόδον. |
| 12 | Ῥόδον | Ῥόδος | PROPN | N-S---FSA | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 15 ἀναστρέψαι | obl | high | Complement of ἐς. |
| 13 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-3MSA | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Prs | 15 ἀναστρέψαι | nsubj | high | Subject of infinitive. |
| 14 | οἴκαδε | οἴκαδε | ADV | _ | _ | 15 ἀναστρέψαι | advmod | high | Directional adverb modifying ἀναστρέψαι. |
| 15 | ἀναστρέψαι | ἀναστρέφω | VERB | V-AAN | Aspect=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Active | 8 πρὶν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of πρίν. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐπιλαμβάνει | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τὸ δὲ ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ τοῦ Ῥοδίου παλαιστοῦ τόλμημα Ἀρτεμίδωρος γένος Τραλλιανὸς ὑπερεβάλετο κατὰ ἐμὴν δόξαν.
The phrase γένος Τραλλιανός is syntactically awkward; treated as an appositive/respect-like accusative attached to the subject, with low confidence.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 τόλμημα | det | high | Article with τόλμημα. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 12 ὑπερεβάλετο | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 4 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | Preposition governing Ὀλυμπίᾳ. |
| 4 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 τόλμημα | nmod | high | Locative prepositional phrase modifying τόλμημα. |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 παλαιστοῦ | det | high | Article with Ῥοδίου παλαιστοῦ. |
| 6 | Ῥοδίου | Ῥόδιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 παλαιστοῦ | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying παλαιστοῦ. |
| 7 | παλαιστοῦ | παλαιστής | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 τόλμημα | nmod | medium | Genitive modifier of τόλμημα; likely 'of the wrestler'. |
| 8 | τόλμημα | τόλμημα | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ὑπερεβάλετο | obj | high | Direct object of ὑπερεβάλετο. |
| 9 | Ἀρτεμίδωρος | Ἀρτεμίδωρος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ὑπερεβάλετο | nsubj | high | Subject of the verb. |
| 10 | γένος | γένος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ὑπερεβάλετο | obl | low | Likely in apposition / respect-like accusative with Τραλλιανός; syntax uncertain. |
| 11 | Τραλλιανὸς | Τραλλιανός | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Ἀρτεμίδωρος | amod | high | Ethnic adjective modifying Ἀρτεμίδωρος. |
| 12 | ὑπερεβάλετο | ὑπερβάλλω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 13 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | _ | _ | 15 δόξαν | case | high | Preposition governing ἐμὴν δόξαν. |
| 14 | ἐμὴν | ἐμός | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs | 15 δόξαν | amod | high | Possessive adjective modifying δόξαν. |
| 15 | δόξαν | δόξα | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ὑπερεβάλετο | obl | high | Prepositional phrase 'according to my opinion'. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ὑπερεβάλετο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Ἀρτεμιδώρῳ γὰρ ἁμαρτεῖν μὲν Ὀλυμπίων συνέβη παγκρατιάζοντι ἐν παισίν, αἰτία δέ οἱ ἐγένετο τῆς διαμαρτίας τὸ ἄγαν νέον·
The syntax is compressed and correlative: the first clause has an infinitival subject with a dative participant, while the second clause states that 'the too-great youth' became the cause of the error.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀρτεμιδώρῳ | Ἀρτεμίδωρος | PROPN | N-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 συνέβη | obl | high | Dative of reference/interest with συνέβη. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | X-------- | _ | 6 συνέβη | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | ἁμαρτεῖν | ἁμαρτάνω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Aspect=Imp|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 6 συνέβη | csubj | high | Infinitival clause serving as subject/content of συνέβη. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 3 ἁμαρτεῖν | discourse | high | Correlative particle paired with δέ. |
| 5 | Ὀλυμπίων | Ὀλύμπια | PROPN | N-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 παγκρατιάζοντι | nmod | medium | Likely genitive dependent of participle; contextually 'at the Olympic games'. |
| 6 | συνέβη | συμβαίνω | VERB | V3SAI---3- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 7 | παγκρατιάζοντι | παγκρατιάζω | VERB | VPPP-SMD- | Aspect=Imp|Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 ἁμαρτεῖν | advcl | high | Dative participle modifying Ἀρτεμιδώρῳ. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 παισίν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 9 | παισίν | παῖς | NOUN | N-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 παγκρατιάζοντι | obl | high | Prepositional object. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 συνέβη | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 11 | αἰτία | αἰτία | NOUN | N-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἐγένετο | xcomp | medium | Predicative noun; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 12 | δέ | δέ | PART | X-------- | _ | 14 ἐγένετο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 13 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | P-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 14 ἐγένετο | iobj | high | Dative of interest = 'to him'. |
| 14 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V3SAI---3- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second main verb. |
| 15 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | l-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 διαμαρτίας | det | high | Article. |
| 16 | διαμαρτίας | διαμαρτία | NOUN | N-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 αἰτία | nmod | high | Genitive complement of αἰτία. |
| 17 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 νέον | det | high | Article. |
| 18 | ἄγαν | ἄγαν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 19 νέον | advmod | high | Adverb modifying νέον. |
| 19 | νέον | νέος | ADJ | A-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἐγένετο | xcomp | medium | Predicate/subject-like complement in the phrase τὸ ἄγαν νέον; analysis is somewhat uncertain. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐγένετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |