Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 6.14.3

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Passage 6.14.3

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3sentences parsed

86Greek tokens

2,614input tokens

6,404output tokens

Sentence 1

6.14.3 sentence 1

Tokens: 47
Input: 1,073
Output: 3,583
Total: 4,656

ὡς δὲ ἀφίκετο ἀγῶνος καιρὸς ὃν Σμυρναῖοι Ἰώνων ἄγουσιν, ἐς τοσοῦτο ἄρα αὐτῷ τὰ τῆς ῥώμης ἐπηύξητο ὡς κρατῆσαι παγκρατιάζοντα ἐπὶ ἡμέρας τῆς αὐτῆς τούς τε ἐξ Ὀλυμπίας ἀνταγωνιστὰς καὶ ἐπὶ τοῖς παισὶν οὓς ἀγενείους καλοῦσι καὶ τρίτα δὴ ὅ τι ἄριστον ἦν τῶν ἀνδρῶν.

ὡς ... ἐπηύξητο introduces a result clause with ὡς + infinitive; παγκρατιάζοντα agrees with the understood accusative subject of κρατῆσαι, while the latter governs coordinated accusative groups. The final τῶν ἀνδρῶν is partitive; ὅ τι ἄριστον is an elliptical superlative phrase, analyzed as the third group.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	C	_	3 ἀφίκετο	mark	high	Temporal subordinating conjunction.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C	_	3 ἀφίκετο	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἀφίκετο	ἀφικνέομαι	VERB	V-2AIAI-3S	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Singular\|Person=3\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Active	18 ἐπηύξητο	advcl	high	Temporal aorist indicative.
4	ἀγῶνος	ἀγών	NOUN	N-GSM	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Singular	5 καιρὸς	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on καιρός.
5	καιρὸς	καιρός	NOUN	N-NSM	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Singular	3 ἀφίκετο	nsubj	high	Subject of ἀφίκετο.
6	ὃν	ὅς	PRON	P-ASM	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Singular\|PronType=Rel	9 ἄγουσιν	obj	high	Relative object of ἄγουσιν.
7	Σμυρναῖοι	Σμυρναῖος	PROPN	A-NPM	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plural	9 ἄγουσιν	nsubj	high	Ethnic name used substantivally.
8	Ἰώνων	Ἴων	PROPN	N-GPM	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plural	9 ἄγουσιν	nmod	high	Genitive of relation: Ionian festival/contest.
9	ἄγουσιν	ἄγω	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Plural\|Person=3\|Tense=Present\|Voice=Active	5 καιρὸς	acl:relcl	high	Relative-clause predicate.
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	3 ἀφίκετο	punct	high
11	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R	_	12 τοσοῦτο	case	high	Preposition governing τοσοῦτο.
12	τοσοῦτο	τοσοῦτος	PRON	A-ASN	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Singular\|PronType=Dem	18 ἐπηύξητο	obl	high	Extent accusative with ἐς.
13	ἄρα	ἄρα	PART	D	_	18 ἐπηύξητο	advmod	high	Inferential particle.
14	αὐτῷ	αὐτός	PRON	P-DSM	Case=Dative\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Singular\|PronType=Prs	18 ἐπηύξητο	iobj	medium	Dative of possession/reference with ἐπηύξητο.
15	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T-NPN	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plural\|PronType=Art	17 ῥώμης	det	high	Article substantivizing the possessive phrase.
16	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-GSF	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Singular\|PronType=Art	17 ῥώμης	det	high	Article with ῥώμης.
17	ῥώμης	ῥώμη	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Singular	18 ἐπηύξητο	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on τὰ.
18	ἐπηύξητο	ἐπαυξάνω	VERB	V-AMI-3S	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Singular\|Person=3\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Middle	0 ROOT	root	medium	Aorist middle, intransitive/inchoative sense ‘had increased’; τὰ is neuter plural collective subject with singular agreement.
19	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	C	_	20 κρατῆσαι	mark	high	Introduces result construction with infinitive.
20	κρατῆσαι	κρατέω	VERB	V-2AAN	Mood=Infinitive\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Active	18 ἐπηύξητο	xcomp	high	Infinitival result complement.
21	παγκρατιάζοντα	παγκρατιάζω	VERB	V-PAP-ASM	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Participle\|Number=Singular\|Tense=Present\|Voice=Active	20 κρατῆσαι	advcl	high	Circumstantial participle, accusative subject-oriented with κρατῆσαι.
22	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	R	_	23 ἡμέρας	case	high	With genitive, marking duration.
23	ἡμέρας	ἡμέρα	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Singular	21 παγκρατιάζοντα	obl	high	Duration phrase.
24	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-GSF	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Singular\|PronType=Art	25 αὐτῆς	det	high	Article with αὐτῆς.
25	αὐτῆς	αὐτός	ADJ	A-GSF	Case=Genitive\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Singular	23 ἡμέρας	amod	high	Intensive/adjectival ‘same’ modifying ἡμέρας.
26	τούς	ὁ	DET	T-APM	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plural\|PronType=Art	30 ἀνταγωνιστὰς	det	high	Article with ἀνταγωνιστάς.
27	τε	τε	CCONJ	C	_	30 ἀνταγωνιστὰς	cc	high	First member of coordination.
28	ἐξ	ἐκ	ADP	R	_	29 Ὀλυμπίας	case	high	Preposition governing Ὀλυμπίας.
29	Ὀλυμπίας	Ὀλυμπία	PROPN	N-GSF	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Singular	30 ἀνταγωνιστὰς	nmod	high	Origin/source complement.
30	ἀνταγωνιστὰς	ἀνταγωνιστής	NOUN	N-APM	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plural	20 κρατῆσαι	obj	high	First coordinated object of κρατῆσαι.
31	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	34 παισὶν	cc	high	Coordinates the second competitor group.
32	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	R	_	34 παισὶν	case	high	Preposition governing τοῖς παισίν.
33	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	T-DPM	Case=Dative\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plural\|PronType=Art	34 παισὶν	det	high	Article with παισίν.
34	παισὶν	παῖς	NOUN	N-DPM	Case=Dative\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plural	30 ἀνταγωνιστὰς	conj	medium	Second coordinated group; ἐπί phrase is syntactically elliptical.
35	οὓς	ὅς	PRON	P-APM	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plural\|PronType=Rel	37 καλοῦσι	obj	high	Relative object of καλοῦσι.
36	ἀγενείους	ἀγένειος	ADJ	A-APM	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plural	37 καλοῦσι	xcomp	high	Predicative complement of οὓς with καλοῦσι.
37	καλοῦσι	καλέω	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Plural\|Person=3\|Tense=Present\|Voice=Active	34 παισὶν	acl:relcl	high	Relative-clause predicate.
38	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	39 τρίτα	cc	high	Coordinates the third group.
39	τρίτα	τρίτος	ADJ	A-APN	Case=Accusative\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plural	20 κρατῆσαι	conj	medium	Elliptical accusative plural neuter, ‘thirdly/the third class’; exact nominal ellipsis uncertain.
40	δὴ	δή	PART	D	_	39 τρίτα	advmod	high	Emphatic particle.
41	ὅ	ὅς	PRON	P-NSN	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Singular\|PronType=Rel	44 ἦν	nsubj	medium	Relative pronoun in elliptical superlative phrase.
42	τι	τις	PRON	P-NSN	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Singular\|PronType=Ind	41 ὅ	det	medium	Indefinite element in ὅ τι, ‘whatever’; tokenization prevents treating the phrase as one unit.
43	ἄριστον	ἄριστος	ADJ	A-NSN-SUP	Case=Nominative\|Degree=Sup\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Singular	39 τρίτα	acl	medium	Superlative predicate/adjectival element of the elliptical third group.
44	ἦν	εἰμί	AUX	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Singular\|Person=3\|Tense=Imperfect\|Voice=Active	43 ἄριστον	cop	high	Copula in relative clause.
45	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T-GPM	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plural\|PronType=Art	46 ἀνδρῶν	det	high	Article with ἀνδρῶν.
46	ἀνδρῶν	ἀνήρ	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plural	43 ἄριστον	nmod	high	Partitive genitive with ἄριστον.
47	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	18 ἐπηύξητο	punct	high

Sentence 2

6.14.3 sentence 2

Tokens: 24
Input: 803
Output: 1,635
Total: 2,438

γενέσθαι δέ οἱ τὴν ἅμιλλαν πρὸς ἀγενείους τε καὶ ἄνδρας τὴν μὲν ἐκ γυμναστοῦ παρακλήσεώς φασι, τὴν δὲ ἐξ ἀνδρὸς παγκρατιαστοῦ λοιδορίας.

Infinitive γενέσθαι is the accusative-and-infinitive subject of φασι, with οἱ as its dative experiencer/possessor; τὴν ἅμιλλαν is the infinitive’s subject accusative, while τὴν μὲν ... τὴν δὲ ... gives the two reported causes. The exact attachment of the first τὴν μὲν phrase is somewhat compressed.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	γενέσθαι	γίγνομαι	VERB	V-AIN	Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Mid	16 φασι	csubj	high
2	δέ	δέ	CCONJ	C	_	16 φασι	cc	high
3	οἱ	οἱ	PRON	P-D3MS	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	16 φασι	iobj	medium	Dative pronoun with compressed reported-speech construction; could be construed with the infinitive.
4	τὴν	ὁ	DET	RAFS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	5 ἅμιλλαν	det	high
5	ἅμιλλαν	ἅμιλλα	NOUN	N-AF-S	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	1 γενέσθαι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of γενέσθαι.
6	πρὸς	πρός	ADP	P	_	7 ἀγενείους	case	high
7	ἀγενείους	ἀγένειος	ADJ	A-AM-P	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	5 ἅμιλλαν	obl	high	Object of πρὸς, coordinated with ἄνδρας.
8	τε	τε	CCONJ	C	_	9 καὶ	cc	high
9	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	10 ἄνδρας	cc	high
10	ἄνδρας	ἀνήρ	NOUN	N-AM-P	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	7 ἀγενείους	conj	high
11	τὴν	ὁ	DET	RAFS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	15 παρακλήσεώς	det	high	Article introducing the first correlated explanatory phrase.
12	μὲν	μέν	PART	X	_	15 παρακλήσεώς	advmod	high	Correlative particle paired with δέ at token 19.
13	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	P	_	14 γυμναστοῦ	case	high
14	γυμναστοῦ	γυμναστής	NOUN	N-GM-S	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	15 παρακλήσεώς	obl	high
15	παρακλήσεώς	παράκλησις	NOUN	N-GF-S	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	5 ἅμιλλαν	obl	high	Genitive of source/cause, coordinated semantically with λοιδορίας.
16	φασι	φημί	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	16 φασι	punct	high
18	τὴν	ὁ	DET	RAFS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	23 λοιδορίας	det	high	Article introducing the second correlated explanatory phrase.
19	δὲ	δέ	PART	X	_	23 λοιδορίας	advmod	high	Correlative particle paired with μέν at token 12.
20	ἐξ	ἐκ	ADP	P	_	21 ἀνδρὸς	case	high	Allomorph of ἐκ before a vowel.
21	ἀνδρὸς	ἀνήρ	NOUN	N-GM-S	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	23 λοιδορίας	obl	high
22	παγκρατιαστοῦ	παγκρατιαστής	NOUN	N-GM-S	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	21 ἀνδρὸς	nmod	high	Genitive attributive/appositional modifier of ἀνδρός.
23	λοιδορίας	λοιδορία	NOUN	N-GF-S	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	5 ἅμιλλαν	obl	high	Second coordinated genitive source/cause, paired with παρακλήσεώς.
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	16 φασι	punct	high

Sentence 3

6.14.3 sentence 3

Tokens: 15
Input: 738
Output: 1,186
Total: 1,924

ἀνείλετο δὲ ἐν ἀνδράσιν ὁ Ἀρτεμίδωρος Ὀλυμπικὴν νίκην δευτέρᾳ καὶ δεκάτῃ πρὸς διακοσίαις Ὀλυμπιάδι.

The subject ὁ Ἀρτεμίδωρος is postposed; ἀνείλετο takes Ὀλυμπικὴν νίκην as its object. The ordinal phrase gives the Olympiad date, with πρὸς διακοσίαις agreeing with the understood/expressed ordinal counting construction; exact case syntax is somewhat compressed.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἀνείλετο	ἀναιρέω	VERB	V-3SAMI	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Singular\|Person=3\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Middle	0 ROOT	root	high	Aorist middle indicative, ‘won/took’.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C	_	1 ἀνείλετο	cc	high	Postpositive coordinating particle.
3	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	P	_	4 ἀνδράσιν	case	high	Preposition governing dative.
4	ἀνδράσιν	ἀνήρ	NOUN	N-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plural	1 ἀνείλετο	obl	high	Dative plural, ‘among men’; governed by ἐν.
5	ὁ	ὁ	DET	RA-NMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Singular	6 Ἀρτεμίδωρος	det	high	Article with the proper name.
6	Ἀρτεμίδωρος	Ἀρτεμίδωρος	PROPN	N-NMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Singular	1 ἀνείλετο	nsubj	high	Postposed nominative subject.
7	Ὀλυμπικὴν	Ὀλυμπικός	ADJ	A-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Singular	8 νίκην	amod	high	Accusative feminine modifying νίκην.
8	νίκην	νίκη	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Singular	1 ἀνείλετο	obj	high	Direct object of ἀνείλετο.
9	δευτέρᾳ	δεύτερος	ADJ	A-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Singular	14 Ὀλυμπιάδι	amod	medium	Ordinal modifying Ὀλυμπιάδι, ‘second’.
10	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	11 δεκάτῃ	cc	high	Coordinates the ordinal components.
11	δεκάτῃ	δέκατος	ADJ	A-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Singular	9 δευτέρᾳ	conj	high	Ordinal coordinated with δευτέρᾳ; ‘tenth’.
12	πρὸς	πρός	ADP	P	_	13 διακοσίαις	case	medium	Preposition in the idiom πρὸς διακοσίαις, likely contributing ‘plus/nearly’ to the numeral expression.
13	διακοσίαις	διακόσιοι	NUM	A-DPF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plural	11 δεκάτῃ	obl	low	Feminine dative plural numeral; compressed dating/counting syntax, likely ‘two hundred’.
14	Ὀλυμπιάδι	Ὀλυμπιάς	NOUN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Singular	1 ἀνείλετο	obl	high	Dative of time/date, ‘in the Olympiad’.
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἀνείλετο	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

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