Grammar parses for passage 6.15.8
Open translation for this passage
Σπαρτιάτῃ δὲ Εὐτελίδᾳ γεγόνασιν ἐν παισὶ νῖκαι δύο ἐπὶ τῆς ὀγδόης καὶ τριακοστῆς Ὀλυμπιάδος πάλης, ἡ δὲ ἑτέρα πεντάθλου·
The sentence has an implicit copular/possessive construction: Εὐτελίδᾳ is the dative possessor/beneficiary, νῖκαι is the subject, and γεγόνασιν means ‘have occurred/been won’; πάλης and πεντάθλου are genitives specifying the events. The final clause is elliptical, with ἡ ἑτέρα supplying νίκη and πεντάθλου dependent on it.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Σπαρτιάτῃ | Σπαρτιάτης | PROPN | N--DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Εὐτελίδᾳ | appos | high | Ethnic designation appositional to Εὐτελίδᾳ. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 4 γεγόνασιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | Εὐτελίδᾳ | Εὐτελίδας | PROPN | N--DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 γεγόνασιν | iobj | medium | Dative of the person associated with or credited with the victories; lemma normalized to nominative. |
| 4 | γεγόνασιν | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--XAI-3P | Aspect=Perfective|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Perfect active form of γίγνομαι in the sense ‘have occurred/been won’; morphology is formally compatible with γίγνομαι’s perfect γεγόνασιν. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 παισὶ | case | high | |
| 6 | παισὶ | παῖς | NOUN | N--DPN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 γεγόνασιν | obl | high | ἐν παισὶ specifies the youth category. |
| 7 | νῖκαι | νίκη | NOUN | N--NPF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 γεγόνασιν | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | δύο | δύο | NUM | M-------- | Case=Nom|Number=Plur | 7 νῖκαι | nummod | high | Cardinal modifying νῖκαι. |
| 9 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 Ὀλυμπιάδος | case | high | |
| 10 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L--GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ὀγδόης | det | high | |
| 11 | ὀγδόης | ὄγδοος | ADJ | A--GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 Ὀλυμπιάδος | amod | high | Ordinal modifying Ὀλυμπιάδος. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 13 τριακοστῆς | cc | high | |
| 13 | τριακοστῆς | τριακοστός | ADJ | A--GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 Ὀλυμπιάδος | amod | high | Ordinal coordinated with ὀγδόης. |
| 14 | Ὀλυμπιάδος | Ὀλυμπιάς | PROPN | N--GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 νῖκαι | nmod | high | Genitive of the Olympiad dating the victories. |
| 15 | πάλης | πάλη | NOUN | N--GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 νῖκαι | nmod | medium | Genitive specifying one victory’s event, likely ‘of wrestling’; scope over νῖκαι is syntactically compressed. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 γεγόνασιν | punct | high | |
| 17 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | L--NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἑτέρα | det | high | Article with substantivized/elliptical ἑτέρα. |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 19 ἑτέρα | cc | high | |
| 19 | ἑτέρα | ἕτερος | ADJ | A--NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 γεγόνασιν | nsubj | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘the other [victory]’; elliptical νίκη. |
| 20 | πεντάθλου | πένταθλον | NOUN | N--GSN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ἑτέρα | nmod | high | Genitive specifying the other victory, ‘of the pentathlon’. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 γεγόνασιν | punct | high |
πρῶτον γὰρ δὴ τότε οἱ παῖδες καὶ ὕστατον πενταθλήσοντες ἐσεκλήθησαν·
The finite passive verb ἐσεκλήθησαν is the root; παῖδες is its nominative subject, with πενταθλήσοντες as a future active circumstantial participle agreeing with παῖδες. πρῶτον and ὕστατον are adverbial accusatives modifying the temporal/eventual assertion; τότε is temporal adverb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πρῶτον | πρῶτος | ADV | A-S---NA- | Degree=Pos | 10 ἐσεκλήθησαν | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative, ‘first’; adjective form is morphologically neuter accusative singular. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 ἐσεκλήθησαν | cc | high | Postpositive explanatory conjunction. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | X-------- | _ | 10 ἐσεκλήθησαν | discourse | high | Emphatic discourse particle. |
| 4 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Dem | 10 ἐσεκλήθησαν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 5 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 παῖδες | det | high | Article modifying παῖδες. |
| 6 | παῖδες | παῖς | NOUN | N-NPM---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἐσεκλήθησαν | nsubj:pass | high | Nominative plural subject of the passive verb. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 πενταθλήσοντες | cc | high | Coordinates πρῶτον and ὕστατον within the participial/event description. |
| 8 | ὕστατον | ὕστατος | ADV | A-S---NA- | Degree=Pos | 10 ἐσεκλήθησαν | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative, ‘last’; coordinated semantically with πρῶτον. |
| 9 | πενταθλήσοντες | πενταθλέω | VERB | V-F APNM-P | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 παῖδες | acl | high | Future active circumstantial participle agreeing with παῖδες; orthographic spacing in xpos is nonstandard but morphology is clear. |
| 10 | ἐσεκλήθησαν | ἐσκαλέω | VERB | V-AAP3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist passive of ἐσκαλέω, ‘were summoned/called in’; form is ἐσεκλήθησαν. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐσεκλήθησαν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἔστι δὲ ἥ τε εἰκὼν ἀρχαία τοῦ Εὐτελίδα, καὶ τὰ ἐπὶ τῷ βάθρῳ γράμματα ἀμυδρὰ ὑπὸ τοῦ χρόνου.
Copular/existential ἔστι coordinates εἰκών ... ἀρχαία and τὰ ... γράμματα ἀμυδρά; ὑπὸ τοῦ χρόνου expresses the cause or agent of their dimness.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 εἰκὼν | cop | high | Existential/copular present. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔστι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἥ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 εἰκὼν | det | high | Correlative article in τε ... καί coordination. |
| 4 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 καὶ | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί. |
| 5 | εἰκὼν | εἰκών | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | high | First coordinated nominative predicate/subject of ἔστι. |
| 6 | ἀρχαία | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 εἰκὼν | amod | high | |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Εὐτελίδα | det | high | |
| 8 | Εὐτελίδα | Εὐτελίδας | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 εἰκὼν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on εἰκών. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 εἰκὼν | punct | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔστι | cc | high | Coordinates the two nominative predicates/subjects. |
| 11 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 γράμματα | det | high | |
| 12 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 14 βάθρῳ | case | high | Takes dative βάθρῳ. |
| 13 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 βάθρῳ | det | high | |
| 14 | βάθρῳ | βάθρον | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 γράμματα | nmod | high | Dative object of ἐπί; spelling/gender mismatch is orthographically apparent, lemma is neuter. |
| 15 | γράμματα | γράμμα | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Second coordinated nominative subject/predicate with ἀμυδρά. |
| 16 | ἀμυδρὰ | ἀμυδρός | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 γράμματα | amod | high | |
| 17 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 19 χρόνου | case | high | Agentive/cause phrase with genitive. |
| 18 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 χρόνου | det | high | |
| 19 | χρόνου | χρόνος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἀμυδρὰ | obl | high | Cause/agent of the inscriptions being dim. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high |