Grammar parses for passage 6.16.1
Open translation for this passage
Κάπρῳ μὲν δὴ οὐκ ἄνευ μεγάλων πόνων καὶ ἰσχυρᾶς ταλαιπωρίας ἐγένοντο αἱ νῖκαι·
The prepositional phrase οὐκ ἄνευ μεγάλων πόνων καὶ ἰσχυρᾶς ταλαιπωρίας is an ablative-like circumstance (‘not without great toil and strong hardship’) modifying ἐγένοντο; Κάπρῳ is a dative of reference.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Κάπρῳ | κάπρος | PROPN | N--DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἐγένοντο | obl | high | Dative of reference/agent-like beneficiary: ‘for Kapros’. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Ptcl | _ | 1 Κάπρῳ | discourse | high | |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | Ptcl | _ | 11 ἐγένοντο | discourse | high | |
| 4 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | Neg | Polarity=Neg | 5 ἄνευ | advmod | high | |
| 5 | ἄνευ | ἄνευ | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 7 πόνων | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 6 | μεγάλων | μέγας | ADJ | A--GPN | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 πόνων | amod | high | |
| 7 | πόνων | πόνος | NOUN | N--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ταλαιπωρίας | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἄνευ; coordinated circumstance with ταλαιπωρίας. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CjCo | _ | 10 ταλαιπωρίας | cc | high | |
| 9 | ἰσχυρᾶς | ἰσχυρός | ADJ | A--GSF | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ταλαιπωρίας | amod | high | |
| 10 | ταλαιπωρίας | ταλαιπωρία | NOUN | N--GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἐγένοντο | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἄνευ, coordinated with πόνων. |
| 11 | ἐγένοντο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V3PAIM-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPF | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 13 νῖκαι | det | high | |
| 13 | νῖκαι | νίκη | NOUN | N--NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 ἐγένοντο | nsubj | high | |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | Punct | _ | 11 ἐγένοντο | punct | high |
εἰσὶ δὲ εἰκόνες ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ καὶ Ἀναυχίδᾳ καὶ Φερενίκῳ, γένος μὲν Ἠλείοις, πάλης δὲ ἐν παισὶν ἀνελομένοις στεφάνους.
The copular clause means 'there are images/statues in Olympia, of Anauchidas and Pherenicus'; γένος ... Ἠλείοις and πάλης ... ἀνελομένοις στεφάνους are compressed appositional/partitive descriptions, with ἀνελομένοις agreeing with an understood masculine plural subject (the athletes).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἰσὶ | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 εἰσὶ | cc | high | |
| 3 | εἰκόνες | εἰκών | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 εἰσὶ | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | |
| 5 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 εἰσὶ | obl | high | Locative place-name. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 Ἀναυχίδᾳ | cc | high | |
| 7 | Ἀναυχίδᾳ | Ἀναυχίδας | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | conj | high | Coordinated name in the locative phrase; form is dative singular. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 Φερενίκῳ | cc | high | |
| 9 | Φερενίκῳ | Φερενῖκος | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ἀναυχίδᾳ | conj | high | Coordinated personal name in the locative phrase. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 εἰσὶ | punct | high | |
| 11 | γένος | γένος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 εἰκόνες | appos | medium | Compressed appositional specification, likely 'by race/origin'. |
| 12 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PTCL | _ | 11 γένος | discourse | high | Correlative particle, with δὲ at token 16. |
| 13 | Ἠλείοις | Ἠλεῖος | ADJ | A-DSM-P | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 γένος | obl | high | Dative of respect/association: Eleans by descent. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 εἰσὶ | punct | high | |
| 15 | πάλης | πάλη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 εἰκόνες | appos | medium | Genitive specification, 'in wrestling'; syntactically compressed. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 πάλης | cc | high | Correlative particle balancing μὲν at token 12. |
| 17 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 παισὶν | case | high | |
| 18 | παισὶν | παῖς | NOUN | N-DMP | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἀνελομένοις | obl | high | Dative plural, 'among/in the boys' category. |
| 19 | ἀνελομένοις | ἀναιρέω | VERB | V-AMP-DP | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 18 παισὶν | acl | medium | Aorist middle participle, agreeing with an understood masculine plural subject; spelling reflects αἱρέομαι compound morphology. |
| 20 | στεφάνους | στέφανος | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἀνελομένοις | obj | high | |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 εἰσὶ | punct | high |
Πλείσταινον δὲ τὸν Εὐρυδάμου τοῦ ἐναντία Γαλατῶν στρατηγήσαντος Αἰτωλοῖς Θεσπιεῖς εἰσιν οἱ ἀναθέντες.
The sentence has an elliptical/idiomatic comparative-quantity predicate: Θεσπιεῖς εἰσιν οἱ ἀναθέντες, with Πλείσταινον likely meaning ‘the greatest number were the Thespians who dedicated [them]’; the genitive participial phrase around Εὐρυδάμου is syntactically compressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Πλείσταινον | πλεισταίνω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 11 εἰσιν | ccomp | medium | Imperfective/present form used predicatively; exact tense-value may be textual or idiomatic. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 εἰσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Εὐρυδάμου | det | high | |
| 4 | Εὐρυδάμου | Εὐρύδαμος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 στρατηγήσαντος | nmod | high | Patronymic/name dependent on the participle. |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 στρατηγήσαντος | det | high | |
| 6 | ἐναντία | ἐναντίος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 στρατηγήσαντος | obj | medium | Neuter plural substantivized adjective, ‘things opposed’; governs the genitive Γαλατῶν. |
| 7 | Γαλατῶν | Γαλάται | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἐναντία | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἐναντία. |
| 8 | στρατηγήσαντος | στρατηγέω | VERB | V-PAP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 10 Θεσπιεῖς | acl | high | Genitive participle agreeing with Εὐρυδάμου, in a genitive absolute-like/name-dependent construction. |
| 9 | Αἰτωλοῖς | Αἰτωλός | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 στρατηγήσαντος | obl | high | Dative object/addressee of στρατηγήσαντος. |
| 10 | Θεσπιεῖς | Θεσπιεύς | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 εἰσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 11 | εἰσιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/possessive-clause predicate. |
| 12 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἀναθέντες | det | high | |
| 13 | ἀναθέντες | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 10 Θεσπιεῖς | acl | high | Substantivized participle with οἱ, ‘those who dedicated’; predicative/complementary to the clause. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 εἰσιν | punct | high |