Grammar parses for passage 6.16.4
Open translation for this passage
Ἀριστείδῃ δὲ Ἠλείῳ γενέσθαι μὲν ὅπλου νίκην ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ, γενέσθαι δὲ καὶ διαύλου Πυθοῖ τὸ ἐπίγραμμα τὸ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ δηλοῖ Νεμείων τε ἐν παισὶν ἐπὶ τῷ ἱππίῳ δρόμῳ.
Indirect statement with δηλοῖ as the matrix verb: Ἀριστείδῃ Ἠλείῳ is the dative experiencer/possessor, and two coordinated γενέσθαι infinitives report victories; τὸ ἐπίγραμμα is the subject of δηλοῖ and τὸ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ is a relative-like attributive phrase referring to the inscription on the monument. The final ἐπὶ τῷ ἱππίῳ δρόμῳ is elliptical/complementary, likely specifying the Nemean boys’ event; attachment is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀριστείδῃ | Ἀριστείδης | PROPN | N--DSM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 δηλοῖ | iobj | high | Dative person associated with the victories/inscription. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 δηλοῖ | cc | high | |
| 3 | Ἠλείῳ | Ἠλεῖος | ADJ | A--DSM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Ἀριστείδῃ | amod | high | Ethnic adjective agreeing with Ἀριστείδῃ. |
| 4 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--AMN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 21 δηλοῖ | ccomp | high | First coordinated infinitive in the content of δηλοῖ. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 4 γενέσθαι | advmod | high | Correlative particle with δὲ at token 12. |
| 6 | ὅπλου | ὅπλον | NOUN | N--GSN-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 νίκην | nmod | high | Genitive specifying the kind of victory/prize. |
| 7 | νίκην | νίκη | NOUN | N--ASF-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 γενέσθαι | obj | high | Accusative object/predicate complement with γενέσθαι. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | |
| 9 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | N--DSF-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 γενέσθαι | obl | high | Location of the Olympic victory. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 γενέσθαι | punct | high | |
| 11 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--AMN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 21 δηλοῖ | ccomp | high | Second coordinated infinitive in the content of δηλοῖ. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 γενέσθαι | cc | high | Correlative counterpart to μέν. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 γενέσθαι | cc | high | Coordinates the second victory statement. |
| 14 | διαύλου | δίαυλος | NOUN | N--GSM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 γενέσθαι | obj | medium | Genitive of the event/victory; construction is elliptical after γενέσθαι. |
| 15 | Πυθοῖ | Πυθώ | PROPN | N--DSF-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 γενέσθαι | obl | high | Locative dative, at Delphi/Pytho. |
| 16 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L--NSN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἐπίγραμμα | det | high | |
| 17 | ἐπίγραμμα | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N--NSN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 δηλοῖ | nsubj | high | Subject of δηλοῖ. |
| 18 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L--ASN-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 αὐτῷ | det | medium | Article in the phrase τὸ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ, likely substantivizing an attributive expression. |
| 19 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 20 αὐτῷ | case | high | Elided form of ἐπί before vowel. |
| 20 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P--DSM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἐπίγραμμα | nmod | medium | Dative governed by ἐπί; phrase likely means the inscription on the monument associated with him. |
| 21 | δηλοῖ | δηλόω | VERB | V-PAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 22 | Νεμείων | Νέμειος | ADJ | A--GPF-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 25 παισὶν | amod | high | Agrees with παισὶν; Nemean boys’ event. |
| 23 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 Νεμείων | cc | medium | Postpositive coordinator; coordination/continuation is textually compressed. |
| 24 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 25 παισὶν | case | high | |
| 25 | παισὶν | παῖς | NOUN | N--DPM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 δηλοῖ | obl | medium | Dative within the final compressed phrase, probably referring to the boys’ competition. |
| 26 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 29 δρόμῳ | case | high | |
| 27 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L--DSM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 δρόμῳ | det | high | |
| 28 | ἱππίῳ | ἱππικός | ADJ | A--DSM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 δρόμῳ | amod | high | Agrees with δρόμῳ. |
| 29 | δρόμῳ | δρόμος | NOUN | N--DSM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 παισὶν | obl | medium | Event specification, ‘in the equestrian race’; attachment to the final dative phrase is compressed. |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 δηλοῖ | punct | high |
δρόμου δέ εἰσι τοῦ ἱππίου μῆκος μὲν δίαυλοι δύο.
The construction means ‘as for the length of the racecourse, [there are] two diauloi’; εἰσι is existential/copular with omitted or contextually supplied predicate, and δίαυλοι δύο is the nominative quantified subject. δρόμου is a genitive dependent on ἱππίου, with the phrase τοῦ ἱππίου δρόμου modifying μῆκος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δρόμου | δρόμος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἱππίου | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἱππίου in the compound designation ‘racecourse’. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 μῆκος | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | εἰσι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 8 δίαυλοι | cop | medium | Existential/copular verb; predicate structure is elliptical or contextually supplied. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἱππίου | det | high | Article agreeing with ἱππίου. |
| 5 | ἱππίου | ἱππικός | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 μῆκος | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of μῆκος, with δρόμου understood/expressed as its complement. |
| 6 | μῆκος | μῆκος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Topic/fronted nominative subject or predicate noun: ‘as for the length’. |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PRT | _ | 6 μῆκος | discourse | high | Correlative particle, likely anticipating a following δέ. |
| 8 | δίαυλοι | δίαυλος | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 μῆκος | nsubj | high | Nominative quantified subject of εἰσι. |
| 9 | δύο | δύο | NUM | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 δίαυλοι | nummod | medium | Cardinal numeral agreeing with δίαυλοι; Ancient Greek numerals can show limited inflection. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 μῆκος | punct | high |
ἐκλειφθέντα δὲ ἐκ Νεμείων τε καὶ Ἰσθμίων αὐτὸν βασιλεὺς Ἀδριανὸς ἐς Νεμείων ἀγῶνα τῶν χειμερινῶν ἀπέδωκεν Ἀργείοις.
The accusative participle ἐκλειφθέντα and αὐτόν form an accusative absolute-like detached construction, with αὐτόν likely referring to the omitted object/person whose exclusion prompted Hadrian's restoration; ἐς Νεμείων ἀγῶνα is the goal of ἀπέδωκεν, and τῶν χειμερινῶν modifies ἀγῶνα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐκλειφθέντα | ἐκλείπω | VERB | V-APP-NAM/ANP | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 16 ἀπέδωκεν | advcl | medium | Aorist passive accusative plural neuter participle; semantically an absolute/depictive construction, though its syntactic attachment is uncertain. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ἀπέδωκεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 Νεμείων | case | high | |
| 4 | Νεμείων | Νέμεια | PROPN | N- GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 ἐκλειφθέντα | obl | medium | Genitive with ἐκ; place-name in plural form. |
| 5 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 Νεμείων | cc | high | First member of τε καί coordination. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 Ἰσθμίων | cc | high | Coordinates the second genitive place-name. |
| 7 | Ἰσθμίων | Ἴσθμια | PROPN | N- GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 Νεμείων | conj | high | Genitive coordinated with Νεμείων after ἐκ. |
| 8 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 1 ἐκλειφθέντα | obj | low | Accusative masculine singular; likely refers to the person/object involved in the participial clause, but its exact relation is difficult. |
| 9 | βασιλεὺς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Ἀδριανὸς | appos | high | Apposition to Ἀδριανός. |
| 10 | Ἀδριανὸς | Ἀδριανός | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἀπέδωκεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀπέδωκεν. |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 ἀγῶνα | case | high | Variant form ἐς of εἰς. |
| 12 | Νεμείων | Νέμεια | PROPN | N- GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἀγῶνα | nmod | medium | Genitive place-name dependent on ἀγῶνα; likely identifies the Nemean contest. |
| 13 | ἀγῶνα | ἀγών | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἀπέδωκεν | obl | high | Accusative goal with ἐς. |
| 14 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPN | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 χειμερινῶν | det | high | |
| 15 | χειμερινῶν | χειμερινός | ADJ | A-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἀγῶνα | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective: the winter games/contests. |
| 16 | ἀπέδωκεν | ἀποδίδωμι | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 17 | Ἀργείοις | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἀπέδωκεν | iobj | high | Recipient/beneficiary of the restoration. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἀπέδωκεν | punct | high |