Grammar parses for passage 6.16.4
Open translation for this passage
Ἀριστείδῃ δὲ Ἠλείῳ γενέσθαι μὲν ὅπλου νίκην ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ, γενέσθαι δὲ καὶ διαύλου Πυθοῖ τὸ ἐπίγραμμα τὸ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ δηλοῖ Νεμείων τε ἐν παισὶν ἐπὶ τῷ ἱππίῳ δρόμῳ.
The syntax is a chain of indirect-assertion infinitives governed by δηλοῖ; the main difficulty is assigning the genitives and the relative clause around τὸ ἐπίγραμμα τὸ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀριστείδῃ | Ἀριστείδης | PROPN | N-S---MD- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 γενέσθαι | nsubj | high | Dative of the subject of γενέσθαι in indirect statement. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 4 γενέσθαι | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | Ἠλείῳ | Ἠλεῖος | ADJ | A-S---MD- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Ἀριστείδῃ | amod | high | Epexegetic/attributive adjective modifying Ἀριστείδῃ. |
| 4 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--AUN--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 21 δηλοῖ | csubj | high | Infinitival clause governed by δηλοῖ. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 4 γενέσθαι | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 6 | ὅπλου | ὅπλον | NOUN | N-S---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 νίκην | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of νίκην. |
| 7 | νίκην | νίκη | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 γενέσθαι | obj | high | Object of γενέσθαι in the infinitival clause. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 9 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 γενέσθαι | obl | high | Locative oblique with ἐν. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 γενέσθαι | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 11 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--AUN--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 21 δηλοῖ | csubj | high | Second coordinated infinitival clause. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 11 γενέσθαι | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 γενέσθαι | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 14 | διαύλου | διάυλος | NOUN | N-S---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Πυθοῖ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of Πυθοῖ. |
| 15 | Πυθοῖ | Πυθώ | PROPN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 γενέσθαι | obl | high | Dative of place/time with omitted preposition. |
| 16 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-S---NA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 ἐπίγραμμα | det | high | Article modifying ἐπίγραμμα. |
| 17 | ἐπίγραμμα | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N-S---NA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 δηλοῖ | nsubj | high | Subject of δηλοῖ. |
| 18 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-S---NA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 ἐπίγραμμα | det | high | Article introducing the relative modifier. |
| 19 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 20 αὐτῷ | case | high | Preposition, elided form. |
| 20 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | A-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 17 ἐπίγραμμα | obl | medium | Likely dative object of ἐπί in attributive relative clause. |
| 21 | δηλοῖ | δηλόω | VERB | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 22 | Νεμείων | Νεμέα | PROPN | N-P---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 29 δρόμῳ | nmod | medium | Genitive depending on δρόμῳ, likely 'of Nemean games'. |
| 23 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 22 Νεμείων | discourse | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 24 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 25 παισὶν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 25 | παισὶν | παῖς | NOUN | N-P---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 δηλοῖ | obl | high | Oblique complement of δηλοῖ, expressing category/participants. |
| 26 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 29 δρόμῳ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 27 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 29 δρόμῳ | det | high | Article modifying δρόμῳ. |
| 28 | ἱππίῳ | ἵππιος | ADJ | A-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 29 δρόμῳ | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying δρόμῳ. |
| 29 | δρόμῳ | δρόμος | NOUN | N-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 παισὶν | nmod | medium | Dative phrase governed by ἐπί; attached under ἐν παισίν as the event type. |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 δηλοῖ | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
δρόμου δέ εἰσι τοῦ ἱππίου μῆκος μὲν δίαυλοι δύο.
The syntax is fragmentary and appositional: μῆκος is the grammatical subject, while δίαυλοι δύο functions as a second nominal predicate or loose apposition, with δέ/μέν marking contrastive structure.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δρόμου | δρόμος | NOUN | N-SG-GEN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 μῆκος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of μῆκος. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 3 εἰσι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | εἰσι | εἰμί | AUX | V-3P-PRS-IND-ACT | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-SG-GEN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ἱππίου | det | high | Article modifying ἱππίου. |
| 5 | ἱππίου | ἱππῖος | ADJ | A-SG-GEN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 δρόμου | amod | medium | Attributive genitive modifying δρόμου; agreement with article suggests adjectival use. |
| 6 | μῆκος | μῆκος | NOUN | N-SG-NOM/ACC | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 εἰσι | nsubj | high | Subject of εἰσι. |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 8 δίαυλοι | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 8 | δίαυλοι | δίαυλος | NOUN | N-NOM-PL | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 εἰσι | nsubj | medium | Likely predicate nominative/appositive in an equative clause with εἰσι. |
| 9 | δύο | δύο | NUM | M-PL | NumType=Card | 8 δίαυλοι | nummod | high | Cardinal numeral modifying δίαυλοι. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 εἰσι | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ἐκλειφθέντα δὲ ἐκ Νεμείων τε καὶ Ἰσθμίων αὐτὸν βασιλεὺς Ἀδριανὸς ἐς Νεμείων ἀγῶνα τῶν χειμερινῶν ἀπέδωκεν Ἀργείοις.
The opening participial phrase is syntactically loose; it most likely refers to αὐτόν as an accusative participial clause before the main clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐκλειφθέντα | ἐκλείπω | VERB | V-APP-NSM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 9 βασιλεὺς | advcl | high | Aorist passive participle, agreeing with αὐτόν; circumstance/temporal nuance. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 16 ἀπέδωκεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 Νεμείων | case | high | Governed by Νεμείων. |
| 4 | Νεμείων | Νεμέα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 ἐκλειφθέντα | obl | medium | Likely place-name used in genitive after ἐκ. |
| 5 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 4 Νεμείων | cc | high | Paired with καὶ. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 7 Ἰσθμίων | cc | high | Coordinates the two genitives. |
| 7 | Ἰσθμίων | Ἰσθμία | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 Νεμείων | conj | medium | Likely genitive plural place-name parallel to Νεμείων. |
| 8 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-P---ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=No | 16 ἀπέδωκεν | obj | high | Direct object of ἀπέδωκεν. |
| 9 | βασιλεὺς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἀπέδωκεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀπέδωκεν. |
| 10 | Ἀδριανὸς | Ἁδριανός | PROPN | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 βασιλεὺς | appos | high | Apposition to βασιλεὺς. |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 ἀγῶνα | case | high | Preposition governing ἀγῶνα. |
| 12 | Νεμείων | Νεμέα | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἀγῶνα | nmod | medium | Genitive modifier of ἀγῶνα; probably 'of the Nemean (games)'. |
| 13 | ἀγῶνα | ἀγών | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἀπέδωκεν | obl | high | Oblique complement with ἐς. |
| 14 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 χειμερινῶν | det | high | Article introducing participial/genitive phrase. |
| 15 | χειμερινῶν | χειμερινός | ADJ | A-GPN | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἀγῶνα | amod | medium | Modifies ἀγῶνα with article; phrase may function as a genitive attribute, but adjectival modifier is most likely. |
| 16 | ἀπέδωκεν | ἀποδίδωμι | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 17 | Ἀργείοις | Ἀργεῖος | ADJ | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἀπέδωκεν | iobj | high | Dative recipient. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἀπέδωκεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |