Grammar parses for passage 6.18.2
Open translation for this passage
ἐνταῦθα καὶ Ἀναξιμένους οἶδα εἰκόνα ἀνευρών, ὃς τὰ ἐν Ἕλλησιν ἀρχαῖα, καὶ ὅσα Φίλιππος ὁ Ἀμύντου καὶ ὕστερον Ἀλέξανδρος εἰργάσατο, συνέγραψεν ὁμοίως ἅπαντα·
Main clause: οἶδα governs an accusative object (Ἀναξιμένους) with εἰκόνα as a predicative/object complement and ἀνευρών as a circumstantial participle; ὃς introduces a relative clause whose subject is Ἀναξιμένους and whose object is ἅπαντα, with τὰ ἐν Ἕλλησιν ἀρχαῖα and ὅσα ... εἰργάσατο coordinated object contents. The finite form συνέγραψεν is perfect with aorist-like morphology and is coordinated semantically with the relative clause description.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-D | PronType=Dem | 4 οἶδα | advmod | high | |
| 2 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 Ἀναξιμένους | cc | high | Connects this object phrase with preceding discourse. |
| 3 | Ἀναξιμένους | Ἀναξιμένης | PROPN | NeASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 οἶδα | obj | high | Accusative object of οἶδα. |
| 4 | οἶδα | οἶδα | VERB | V-RIA-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect-form verb with present meaning. |
| 5 | εἰκόνα | εἰκών | NOUN | NbASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἀνευρών | obj | medium | Accusative object of ἀνευρών; may also be read as an object/complement associated with οἶδα. |
| 6 | ἀνευρών | ἀνευρίσκω | VERB | V-APA-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 οἶδα | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist participle, agreeing with the first-person subject of οἶδα. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 6 ἀνευρών | punct | high | |
| 8 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | Pr-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 24 συνέγραψεν | nsubj | high | Relative subject, referring to Ἀναξιμένους. |
| 9 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | S-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 ἀρχαῖα | det | high | |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 Ἕλλησιν | case | high | |
| 11 | Ἕλλησιν | Ἕλλην | NOUN | Nb-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἀρχαῖα | obl | high | Dative with ἐν. |
| 12 | ἀρχαῖα | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-PNA | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 συνέγραψεν | obj | high | Substantivized neuter plural adjective. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 12 ἀρχαῖα | punct | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 ὅσα | cc | high | |
| 15 | ὅσα | ὅσος | PRON | Pr-NPA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 24 συνέγραψεν | obj | high | Free relative object, coordinated with ἀρχαῖα. |
| 16 | Φίλιππος | Φίλιππος | PROPN | NeNSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 εἰργάσατο | nsubj | high | |
| 17 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 Ἀμύντου | det | high | |
| 18 | Ἀμύντου | Ἄμυντος | PROPN | NeGSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 Φίλιππος | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitive modifier: Philip son of Amyntas. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 Ἀλέξανδρος | cc | high | Coordinates the two subjects of εἰργάσατο. |
| 20 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Pos | 22 εἰργάσατο | advmod | high | |
| 21 | Ἀλέξανδρος | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | NeNSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 εἰργάσατο | nsubj | high | Coordinated subject with Φίλιππος. |
| 22 | εἰργάσατο | ἐργάζομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 15 ὅσα | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause internal to ὅσα; coordinated subjects Φίλιππος and Ἀλέξανδρος. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 24 συνέγραψεν | punct | high | |
| 24 | συνέγραψεν | συγγράφω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 8 ὃς | acl:relcl | medium | Likely coordinated predicate/content of the relative clause; subject is ὃς. Morphologically aorist active indicative. |
| 25 | ὁμοίως | ὁμοίως | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Pos | 24 συνέγραψεν | advmod | high | |
| 26 | ἅπαντα | ἅπας | PRON | A-PNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Ind | 24 συνέγραψεν | obj | high | Accusative total object of συνέγραψεν. |
| 27 | · | · | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 24 συνέγραψεν | punct | high |
ἡ δέ οἱ τιμὴ γέγονεν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ παρὰ τῶν Λαμψακηνῶν τοῦ δήμου.
The dative οἱ is best read as a third-person singular personal pronoun, ‘for him’; γέγονεν is perfect active of γίγνομαι with a resulting-state sense, and the genitive phrases specify the honor’s source and civic context.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 τιμὴ | det | high | |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 γέγονεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 5 γέγονεν | iobj | medium | Interpreted as the personal pronoun οἱ, not the article, because it is dative and enclitic. |
| 4 | τιμὴ | τιμή | NOUN | N----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 γέγονεν | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | γέγονεν | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--XAI--3S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect active form with resulting-state meaning ‘has come to be / has been established’. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | |
| 7 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | N----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 γέγονεν | obl | high | Locative dative governed by ἐν. |
| 8 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 Λαμψακηνῶν | case | high | With genitive, marking source or agency. |
| 9 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 Λαμψακηνῶν | det | high | |
| 10 | Λαμψακηνῶν | Λαμψακηνός | PROPN | A----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 γέγονεν | obl | high | Substantivized ethnic name, ‘of the Lampsacenes’. |
| 11 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 δήμου | det | high | |
| 12 | δήμου | δῆμος | NOUN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Λαμψακηνῶν | nmod | high | Genitive apposition/specification: ‘of the demos/community’. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 γέγονεν | punct | high |
ὑπελίπετο δὲ Ἀναξιμένης τοσάδε ἐς μνήμην· βασιλέα γὰρ οὐ τὰ πάντα ἤπιον ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ μάλιστα θυμῷ χρώμενον, Ἀλέξανδρον τὸν Φιλίππου, τέχνῃ περιῆλθε τοιᾷδε.
Ἀναξιμένης is the subject of ὑπελίπετο; τοσάδε is a predicative/object-like accusative with ἐς μνήμην. The following accusative phrase elaborates what he left in memory: βασιλέα ... Ἀλέξανδρον, with περιῆλθε as the finite verb and χρώμενον agreeing with Ἀλέξανδρον. The construction is syntactically compressed; the participle θυμῷ χρώμενον is instrumental/dative-complemental.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὑπελίπετο | ὑπολείπω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 1 ὑπελίπετο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἀναξιμένης | Ἀναξιμένης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 1 ὑπελίπετο | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | τοσάδε | τοσόσδε | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 1 ὑπελίπετο | obj | medium | Substantivized demonstrative; construed as the content left for remembrance. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 6 μνήμην | case | high | |
| 6 | μνήμην | μνήμη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Accusative|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 4 τοσάδε | nmod | medium | Goal phrase dependent on τοσάδε: ‘into remembrance’. |
| 7 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ὑπελίπετο | punct | high | |
| 8 | βασιλέα | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 26 περιῆλθε | obj | medium | Accusative resumed/specifying the content; linked to the later finite verb in a compressed construction. |
| 9 | γὰρ | γάρ | SCONJ | C---- | _ | 26 περιῆλθε | mark | high | Explanatory connective. |
| 10 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | T---- | Polarity=Neg | 13 ἤπιον | advmod | high | |
| 11 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 12 πάντα | det | high | |
| 12 | πάντα | πᾶς | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 13 ἤπιον | obj | medium | Substantivized neuter plural, ‘in all respects’ or ‘entirely’. |
| 13 | ἤπιον | ἤπιος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 8 βασιλέα | amod | medium | Predicative adjective agreeing with βασιλέα; οὐ ... ἀλλά contrasts his gentleness with his anger. |
| 14 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 13 ἤπιον | cc | high | |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 16 τὰ | cc | high | Correlative/additive conjunction. |
| 16 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 17 μάλιστα | det | high | |
| 17 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D----- | Degree=Superlative | 19 χρώμενον | advmod | medium | Adverbial superlative modifying χρώμενον: ‘especially/most’. |
| 18 | θυμῷ | θυμός | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 19 χρώμενον | obl | high | Dative governed by χράομαι. |
| 19 | χρώμενον | χράομαι | VERB | V-PMP-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|Voice=Middle | 8 βασιλέα | acl | high | Agrees with βασιλέα/Ἀλέξανδρον; χράομαι governs the dative θυμῷ. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 χρώμενον | punct | high | |
| 21 | Ἀλέξανδρον | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 8 βασιλέα | appos | high | Apposition to βασιλέα. |
| 22 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 21 Ἀλέξανδρον | det | high | |
| 23 | Φιλίππου | Φίλιππος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 21 Ἀλέξανδρον | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 Ἀλέξανδρον | punct | high | |
| 25 | τέχνῃ | τέχνη | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dative|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 26 περιῆλθε | obl | high | Instrumental dative: ‘by a stratagem/skill’. |
| 26 | περιῆλθε | περιέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 1 ὑπελίπετο | parataxis | medium | Finite verb of the explanatory clause; subject is understood as Ἀναξιμένης. |
| 27 | τοιᾷδε | τοιόσδε | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dative|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 25 τέχνῃ | amod | high | Agrees with τέχνῃ: ‘of the following kind’. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 περιῆλθε | punct | high |