Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 6.18.3

← 6.18.2 6.18.4 →

Passage 6.18.3

Open translation for this passage

2sentences parsed

53Greek tokens

1,694input tokens

4,071output tokens

Sentence 1

6.18.3 sentence 1

Tokens: 26
Input: 853
Output: 2,153
Total: 3,006

Λαμψακηνῶν τὰ βασιλέως τοῦ Περσῶν φρονησάντων ἢ καὶ αἰτίαν φρονῆσαι λαβόντων, ὁ Ἀλέξανδρος ἅτε ὑπερζέων ἐς αὐτοὺς τῇ ὀργῇ κακῶν ἠπείλει τὰ μέγιστα ἐργάσασθαι·

Genitive absolute at the opening: the Lampsacenes are understood as having adopted Persian sympathies or having taken a reason to do so; ἅτε with the causal participle ὑπερζέων explains Alexander's anger, and ἠπείλει governs the infinitive ἐργάσασθαι with τὰ μέγιστα as an accusative of extent/result.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Λαμψακηνῶν	Λαμψακηνός	PROPN	A-GEN-PL	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 φρονησάντων	nsubj	high	Subject of the genitive-absolute participles.
2	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T-ACC-PL-N	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	3 βασιλέως	det	high	Article with βασιλέως, substantivally forming the object phrase.
3	βασιλέως	βασιλεύς	NOUN	N-GEN-S-M	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 φρονησάντων	obj	medium	Genitive complement within the phrase τὰ βασιλέως τοῦ Περσῶν, construed as Persian-king sympathies/interests.
4	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GEN-S-M	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	5 Περσῶν	det	high	Article modifying Περσῶν.
5	Περσῶν	Πέρσης	PROPN	N-GEN-PL-M	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	3 βασιλέως	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on βασιλέως.
6	φρονησάντων	φρονέω	VERB	V-AAP-GEN-PL-M	Aspect=Perf\|Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	22 ἠπείλει	advcl	medium	Genitive-absolute participle; aorist active, with Λαμψακηνῶν as subject.
7	ἢ	ἤ	CCONJ	C	_	10 φρονῆσαι	cc	high	Coordinates the two alternative participial constructions.
8	καὶ	καί	PART	D	_	10 φρονῆσαι	advmod	high	Emphatic/additive particle.
9	αἰτίαν	αἰτία	NOUN	N-ACC-S-F	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	10 φρονῆσαι	obj	high	Object of λαβόντων.
10	φρονῆσαι	φρονέω	VERB	V-AAN	Aspect=Perf\|Mood=Inf\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	11 λαβόντων	xcomp	high	Complementary infinitive dependent on λαβόντων: to think/entertain a view.
11	λαβόντων	λαμβάνω	VERB	V-AAP-GEN-PL-M	Aspect=Perf\|Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	22 ἠπείλει	advcl	high	Second coordinated genitive-absolute participle.
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	22 ἠπείλει	punct	high
13	ὁ	ὁ	DET	T-NOM-S-M	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 Ἀλέξανδρος	det	high	Article with Ἀλέξανδρος.
14	Ἀλέξανδρος	Ἀλέξανδρος	PROPN	N-NOM-S-M	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	22 ἠπείλει	nsubj	high	Subject of ἠπείλει.
15	ἅτε	ἅτε	SCONJ	C	_	16 ὑπερζέων	mark	high	Causal subordinator introducing the participial clause.
16	ὑπερζέων	ὑπερζέω	VERB	V-PAP-NOM-S-M	Aspect=Imp\|Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	22 ἠπείλει	advcl	high	Causal participle agreeing with Alexander: being excessively inflamed/boiling with anger.
17	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R	_	18 αὐτοὺς	case	high	Preposition governing αὐτούς.
18	αὐτοὺς	αὐτός	PRON	P-ACC-PL-M	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Prs	16 ὑπερζέων	obl	high	Object of anger expressed with ἐς: against them.
19	τῇ	ὁ	DET	T-DAT-S-F	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	20 ὀργῇ	det	high	Article with ὀργῇ.
20	ὀργῇ	ὀργή	NOUN	N-DAT-S-F	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	16 ὑπερζέων	obl	high	Dative of manner/cause with ὑπερζέων: boiling with anger.
21	κακῶν	κακός	ADJ	A-GEN-PL-N	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	25 ἐργάσασθαι	obl	medium	Genitive dependent on ἐργάσασθαι, likely denoting evil deeds or harms.
22	ἠπείλει	ἀπειλέω	VERB	V-IAI-3S	Aspect=Imp\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main finite verb: threatened.
23	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T-ACC-PL-N	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	24 μέγιστα	det	high	Article substantivizing μέγιστα.
24	μέγιστα	μέγας	ADJ	A-ACC-PL-N-SUP	Case=Acc\|Degree=Sup\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	25 ἐργάσασθαι	obj	high	Substantivized superlative: the greatest things/deeds.
25	ἐργάσασθαι	ἐργάζομαι	VERB	V-AMN	Aspect=Perf\|Mood=Inf\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Mid	22 ἠπείλει	xcomp	high	Infinitival complement of ἠπείλει; τὰ μέγιστα is its object.
26	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	22 ἠπείλει	punct	high

Sentence 2

6.18.3 sentence 2

Tokens: 27
Input: 841
Output: 1,918
Total: 2,759

οἱ δὲ ἅτε θέοντες περὶ γυναικῶν τε καὶ παίδων καὶ αὐτῆς πατρίδος ἀποστέλλουσιν Ἀναξιμένην ἱκετεύειν, Ἀλεξάνδρῳ τε αὐτῷ καὶ ἔτι Φιλίππῳ πρότερον γεγονότα ἐν γνώσει.

The final accusative participial phrase γεγονότα ... ἐν γνώσει is an adjunct to Ἀναξιμένην, with coordinated datives marking Alexander and Philip as persons to whom he had previously been known.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	οἱ	ὁ	DET	T----NM-P	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 ἀποστέλλουσιν	nsubj	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	--------	_	13 ἀποστέλλουσιν	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἅτε	ἅτε	SCONJ	--------	_	4 θέοντες	mark	high	Introduces circumstantial causal/explanatory participial construction.
4	θέοντες	θέω	VERB	V-PAP-NMP	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	13 ἀποστέλλουσιν	advcl	high	Circumstantial participle agreeing with οἱ.
5	περὶ	περί	ADP	R--------	_	6 γυναικῶν	case	high
6	γυναικῶν	γυνή	NOUN	N----GFP-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	4 θέοντες	obl	high	Object of concern with περί.
7	τε	τε	CCONJ	--------	_	6 γυναικῶν	cc	high	First member of τε...καί coordination.
8	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	--------	_	9 παίδων	cc	high
9	παίδων	παῖς	NOUN	N----GMP-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 γυναικῶν	conj	high	Coordinated genitive with γυναικῶν.
10	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	--------	_	12 πατρίδος	cc	high
11	αὐτῆς	αὐτός	PRON	A-P---GF-S	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 πατρίδος	det	high	Intensifying/emphatic pronoun modifying πατρίδος.
12	πατρίδος	πατρίς	NOUN	N----GFS-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 γυναικῶν	conj	high	Third coordinated object of concern with περί.
13	ἀποστέλλουσιν	ἀποστέλλω	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
14	Ἀναξιμένην	Ἀναξιμένης	PROPN	N----ASM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 ἀποστέλλουσιν	obj	high	Person sent.
15	ἱκετεύειν	ἱκετεύω	VERB	V-PAN----	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	13 ἀποστέλλουσιν	xcomp	high	Complementary infinitive expressing the purpose/content of sending.
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	13 ἀποστέλλουσιν	punct	high
17	Ἀλεξάνδρῳ	Ἀλέξανδρος	PROPN	N----DSM-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	24 γεγονότα	obl	medium	Dative with γεγονότα, indicating the person known to Alexander.
18	τε	τε	CCONJ	--------	_	17 Ἀλεξάνδρῳ	cc	high	Coordinates Ἀλεξάνδρῳ and Φιλίππῳ.
19	αὐτῷ	αὐτός	PRON	A-P---DM-S	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 Ἀλεξάνδρῳ	appos	high	Emphatic appositive: Alexander himself.
20	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	--------	_	22 Φιλίππῳ	cc	high
21	ἔτι	ἔτι	ADV	D--------	_	24 γεγονότα	advmod	high	Further/also, modifying γεγονότα.
22	Φιλίππῳ	Φίλιππος	PROPN	N----DSM-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 Ἀλεξάνδρῳ	conj	high	Second dative complement coordinated with Ἀλεξάνδρῳ.
23	πρότερον	πρότερος	ADV	A-S---N-S	Degree=Pos	24 γεγονότα	advmod	high	Adverbial accusative, modifying γεγονότα.
24	γεγονότα	γίγνομαι	VERB	V-RAP-ASM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Act	14 Ἀναξιμένην	acl	medium	Accusative participle agreeing with Ἀναξιμένην: previously known/familiar to Alexander and Philip.
25	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R--------	_	26 γνώσει	case	high
26	γνώσει	γνῶσις	NOUN	N----DFS-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	24 γεγονότα	obl	medium	Phrase ἐν γνώσει is idiomatic; its exact semantic attachment is somewhat uncertain.
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	13 ἀποστέλλουσιν	punct	high

← 6.18.2 6.18.4 →