Grammar parses for passage 6.18.5
Open translation for this passage
φαίνεται δὲ καὶ ἄνδρα ὁ Ἀναξιμένης ἐχθρὸν οὐκ ἀμαθέστατα ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπιφθονώτατα ἀμυνάμενος.
The syntax is participial and somewhat elliptical: φαίνεται takes a nominative subject with an attendant participle ἀμυνάμενος, while ἄνδρα ἐχθρόν is best treated as the participle's object/predicate complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | φαίνεται | φαίνομαι | VERB | V-PPM/P-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 1 φαίνεται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 φαίνεται | cc | high | Connective particle. |
| 4 | ἄνδρα | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἀμυνάμενος | obj | medium | Object of participle; syntax is somewhat loose with φαίνεται. |
| 5 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Ἀναξιμένης | det | high | Article with proper name. |
| 6 | Ἀναξιμένης | Ἀναξιμένης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἀμυνάμενος | nsubj | high | Subject of participle. |
| 7 | ἐχθρὸν | ἐχθρός | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἀμυνάμενος | xcomp | medium | Predicative complement / object-like accusative with participle. |
| 8 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | PRT-N | _ | 9 ἀμαθέστατα | advmod | high | Negator. |
| 9 | ἀμαθέστατα | ἀμαθέστατα | ADV | D | Degree=Sup | 13 ἀμυνάμενος | advmod | high | Adverbial comparative/superlative form. |
| 10 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἐπιφθονώτατα | cc | high | Adversative coordinator. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἐπιφθονώτατα | cc | high | Conjoins with preceding adverb. |
| 12 | ἐπιφθονώτατα | ἐπιφθονώτατα | ADV | D | Degree=Sup | 13 ἀμυνάμενος | advmod | high | Adverbial superlative. |
| 13 | ἀμυνάμενος | ἀμύνω | VERB | V-AMP-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 1 φαίνεται | advcl | high | Concessive/attendant participle modifying φαίνεται. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 φαίνεται | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἐπεφύκει μὲν αὐτὸς σοφιστὴς καὶ σοφιστῶν λόγους μιμεῖσθαι·
ἐπεφύκει governs an infinitival complement; σοφιστὴς is best taken as a predicative/appositional complement of αὐτός.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπεφύκει | ἐφύω | VERB | V-3SIAI-? | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pluperfect|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Finite pluperfect form; syntax suggests main verb with implied complement. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Ptcl | _ | 1 ἐπεφύκει | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | A--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=No | 1 ἐπεφύκει | nsubj | high | Intensive pronoun used as subject. |
| 4 | σοφιστὴς | σοφιστής | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἐπεφύκει | xcomp | medium | Predicative complement or secondary predicate with infinitival content. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 σοφιστὴς | cc | high | Coordinates σοφιστής with the following genitive phrase. |
| 6 | σοφιστῶν | σοφιστής | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 λόγους | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of λόγους. |
| 7 | λόγους | λόγος | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 μιμεῖσθαι | obj | high | Direct object of μιμεῖσθαι. |
| 8 | μιμεῖσθαι | μιμέομαι | VERB | V-PMN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 1 ἐπεφύκει | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive governed by ἐπεφύκει. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐπεφύκει | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ὡς δὲ ἦν ἐς τὸ ἀκριβέστατον αὐτῷ μεμιμημένα, ἐπιγράψας τοῦ Θεοπόμπου τὸ ὄνομα τῷ βιβλίῳ διέπεμπεν ἐς τὰς πόλεις·
The syntax is somewhat loose: the opening ὡς-clause depends on διέπεμπεν, and the participle μεμιμημένα appears to describe an implied neuter plural subject with a dative αὐτῷ of reference.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 3 ἦν | mark | high | Introduces a comparative/clausal relation. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 3 ἦν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | 3SIA | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 17 διέπεμπεν | advcl | high | Imperfect auxiliary in the ὡς-clause. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 6 ἀκριβέστατον | case | high | Preposition governing the following noun phrase. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ἀκριβέστατον | det | high | Article with superlative adjective. |
| 6 | ἀκριβέστατον | ἀκριβής | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐς | obl | high | Accusative of extent/direction with ἐς. |
| 7 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 8 μεμιμημένα | iobj | medium | Likely dative of reference/interest with the participle. |
| 8 | μεμιμημένα | μιμέομαι | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 3 ἦν | xcomp | high | Perfect middle/passive participle agreeing with an implied neuter plural subject. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 διέπεμπεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | ἐπιγράψας | ἐπιγράφω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 17 διέπεμπεν | advcl | high | Aorist participle, adverbial/circumstantial. |
| 11 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 Θεοπόμπου | det | high | Article with proper name. |
| 12 | Θεοπόμπου | Θεόπομπος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ὄνομα | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ὄνομα. |
| 13 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 ὄνομα | det | high | Article with noun ὄνομα. |
| 14 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἐπιγράψας | obj | high | Direct object of ἐπιγράψας. |
| 15 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 βιβλίῳ | det | high | Article with βιβλίῳ. |
| 16 | βιβλίῳ | βιβλίον | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 διέπεμπεν | obl | medium | Dative with διέπεμπεν, likely recipient/means. |
| 17 | διέπεμπεν | διαπέμπω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 20 πόλεις | case | high | Preposition governing πόλεις. |
| 19 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 20 πόλεις | det | high | Article with πόλεις. |
| 20 | πόλεις | πόλις | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 διέπεμπεν | obl | high | Goal/destination with ἐς. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 διέπεμπεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |