Grammar parses for passage 6.18.6
Open translation for this passage
οὐ μὴν οὐδὲ εἰπεῖν τις αὐτοσχεδίως Ἀναξιμένους πρότερός ἐστιν εὑρηκώς·
The clause is a negative existential construction: οὐ ... ἐστιν with an infinitival subject εἰπεῖν; τις is the subject of the participial predicate εὑρηκώς, with πρότερος predicative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | ἄρνησις | Polarity=Neg | 9 ἐστιν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | μὴν | μήν | PART | μόριον | _ | 9 ἐστιν | discourse | high | |
| 3 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | σύνδεσμος | Polarity=Neg | 4 εἰπεῖν | cc | medium | Negative connective introducing the infinitival clause. |
| 4 | εἰπεῖν | λέγω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 9 ἐστιν | csubj | medium | Articular-less infinitive, understood as the subject of ἐστιν. |
| 5 | τις | τις | PRON | P-Indef-Nom-Sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 10 εὑρηκώς | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | αὐτοσχεδίως | αὐτοσχεδίως | ADV | Dšv | Degree=Pos | 4 εἰπεῖν | advmod | high | |
| 7 | Ἀναξιμένους | Ἀναξιμένης | PROPN | N-Prop-Acc-Sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 εἰπεῖν | obj | medium | Accusative object of εἰπεῖν; the name is the person said to have been discovered. |
| 8 | πρότερός | πρότερος | ADJ | A-S-Nom-Sg | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 εὑρηκώς | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective with εὑρηκώς; implies being earlier than another reference point. |
| 9 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | εὑρηκώς | εὑρίσκω | VERB | V-RAP-Nom-Sg-Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ἐστιν | acl | medium | Predicative perfect participle, with πρότερος; its subject τις is postposed. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐστιν | punct | high |
τὰ ἔπη δὲ τὰ ἐς Ἀλέξανδρον οὔ μοι πιστά ἐστιν Ἀναξιμένην τὸν ποιήσαντα εἶναι.
The infinitive εἶναι with accusative subject Ἀναξιμένην and participle ποιήσαντα is an accusative-and-infinitive construction dependent on the judgment πιστά ἐστιν; ἔπη is the neuter plural subject of εἰσιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T----NPA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 2 ἔπη | det | high | |
| 2 | ἔπη | ἔπος | NOUN | N----NPA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 4 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T----APA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 Ἀλέξανδρον | det | high | Article introducing an attributive prepositional phrase. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 Ἀλέξανδρον | case | high | |
| 6 | Ἀλέξανδρον | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | Ne-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 ἔπη | nmod | high | Object of ἐς; the phrase modifies ἔπη. |
| 7 | οὔ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 10 ἐστιν | advmod | high | |
| 8 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | Pp1----dat- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 9 πιστά | iobj | medium | Ethic/dative of judgment: πιστά μοι. |
| 9 | πιστά | πιστός | ADJ | A----NPA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with εἰσιν. |
| 10 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | Ἀναξιμένην | Ἀναξιμένης | PROPN | Ne-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 12 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T----AMA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ποιήσαντα | det | high | |
| 13 | ποιήσαντα | ποιέω | VERB | V--SAPMA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 Ἀναξιμένην | acl | high | Attributive participle modifying Ἀναξιμένην. |
| 14 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V--PNA--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 9 πιστά | ccomp | medium | Infinitival content complement under πιστά ἐστιν; construction means that Anaximenes was the author. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐστιν | punct | high |
Σωτάδης δὲ ἐπὶ δολίχου νίκαις Ὀλυμπιάδι μὲν ἐνάτῃ καὶ ἐνενηκοστῇ Κρής, καθάπερ γε καὶ ἦν, ἀνερρήθη,
Σωτάδης is the subject of ἀνερρήθη; ἐπὶ δολίχου νίκαις denotes the event in which he won, while Ὀλυμπιάδι ἐνάτῃ καὶ ἐνενηκοστῇ and Κρής are predicative/temporal details. καθάπερ καὶ ἦν is a parenthetical comparison: ‘just as he was’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Σωτάδης | Σωτάδης | PROPN | N-----NS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἀνερρήθη | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 ἀνερρήθη | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 δολίχου | case | high | |
| 4 | δολίχου | δόλιχος | NOUN | Nb-g---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 νίκαις | nmod | high | Genitive with ἐπί, ‘in the dolichos race’. |
| 5 | νίκαις | νίκη | NOUN | Nb----dp- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 ἀνερρήθη | obl | medium | Dative of circumstance/occasion: ‘in victories’; syntactic attachment is somewhat uncertain. |
| 6 | Ὀλυμπιάδι | Ὀλυμπιάς | NOUN | Nb----ds- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐνάτῃ | nmod | high | Date/occasion expressed by dative. |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 6 Ὀλυμπιάδι | discourse | high | Correlative particle; no overt δέ follows. |
| 8 | ἐνάτῃ | ἔνατος | ADJ | A-------DS- | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Ὀλυμπιάδι | amod | high | |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 ἐνενηκοστῇ | cc | high | |
| 10 | ἐνενηκοστῇ | ἐνενηκοστός | ADJ | A-------DS- | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Ὀλυμπιάδι | conj | high | Coordinates with ἐνάτῃ in the ordinal Olympic date. |
| 11 | Κρής | Κρής | PROPN | N-----NS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἀνερρήθη | xcomp | medium | Predicative nominative, ‘a Cretan’; could alternatively be analyzed as an apposition to Σωτάδης. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἀνερρήθη | punct | high | |
| 13 | καθάπερ | καθάπερ | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 16 ἦν | mark | high | Introduces the comparative parenthetical clause. |
| 14 | γε | γε | PART | X-------- | _ | 16 ἦν | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | ADV | D-------- | _ | 16 ἦν | advmod | medium | Adverbial ‘indeed/also’ in the parenthetical. |
| 16 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SIAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 18 ἀνερρήθη | advcl | high | Imperfect of εἰμί; subject is understood as Σωτάδης. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἀνερρήθη | punct | high | |
| 18 | ἀνερρήθη | ἀναγορεύω | VERB | V3SAPI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist passive, ‘was proclaimed/announced’; lemma and exact derivational analysis may vary by lexicon. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἀνερρήθη | punct | high |
τῇ ἐπὶ ταύτῃ δὲ λαβὼν χρήματα παρὰ τοῦ Ἐφεσίων κοινοῦ Ἐφεσίοις ἐσεποίησεν αὑτόν·
The sentence has an initial dative phrase referring to an antecedent feminine noun, followed by a circumstantial participle λαβών; χρήματα is the object of λαβών, and παρὰ τοῦ Ἐφεσίων κοινοῦ expresses the source. Ἐφεσίοις is the dative recipient/beneficiary with ἐσεποίησεν, while αὑτόν is its object.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 ἐπὶ | det | medium | Article substantivally or attributively marks the omitted feminine antecedent in the initial phrase. |
| 2 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 3 ταύτῃ | case | high | Preposition governing the dative. |
| 3 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | PRON | RD-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 λαβὼν | obl | medium | Dative demonstrative within the initial prepositional phrase; the phrase is elliptical in reference. |
| 4 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 5 λαβὼν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 5 | λαβὼν | λαμβάνω | VERB | VAAPMSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ἐσεποίησεν | advcl | high | Aorist active circumstantial participle with the understood masculine subject of ἐσεποίησεν. |
| 6 | χρήματα | χρῆμα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 λαβὼν | obj | high | Direct object of λαβών. |
| 7 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | P | _ | 9 Ἐφεσίων | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive source phrase. |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 κοινοῦ | det | high | Article agreeing with κοινοῦ. |
| 9 | Ἐφεσίων | Ἐφέσιος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 κοινοῦ | nmod | high | Genitive plural ethnic noun modifying κοινοῦ. |
| 10 | κοινοῦ | κοινόν | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 λαβὼν | obl | high | Head of the genitive source phrase governed by παρά. |
| 11 | Ἐφεσίοις | Ἐφέσιος | PROPN | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἐσεποίησεν | iobj | high | Dative recipient/beneficiary of ἐσεποίησεν. |
| 12 | ἐσεποίησεν | εἰσποιέω | VERB | VAAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist active form; understood subject is the masculine agent of λαβών. |
| 13 | αὑτόν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | RF-ASM3 | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 12 ἐσεποίησεν | obj | high | Reflexive accusative object, ‘himself’. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | U | _ | 12 ἐσεποίησεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
καὶ αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τῷ ἔργῳ φυγῇ ζημιοῦσιν οἱ Κρῆτες.
The phrase ἐπὶ τῷ ἔργῳ is construed with the dative, while φυγῇ is a dative of penalty; the exact attachment/semantic force is somewhat context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 7 ζημιοῦσιν | cc | high | |
| 2 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 7 ζημιοῦσιν | obj | high | Object of ζημιοῦσιν. |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 5 ἔργῳ | case | high | |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ἔργῳ | det | high | |
| 5 | ἔργῳ | ἔργον | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 φυγῇ | obl | medium | Dative with ἐπί; likely ‘in the act/deed’. |
| 6 | φυγῇ | φυγή | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ζημιοῦσιν | obl | medium | Dative of penalty/sanction, ‘with exile’; construction is somewhat elliptical. |
| 7 | ζημιοῦσιν | ζημιόω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 Κρῆτες | det | high | |
| 9 | Κρῆτες | Κρής | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ζημιοῦσιν | nsubj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ζημιοῦσιν | punct | high |