Grammar parses for passage 6.19.4
Open translation for this passage
ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ δὲ ἐπιγράμματα ἐπὶ τῷ ἐλάσσονί ἐστι τῶν θαλάμων, ἐς μὲν τοῦ χαλκοῦ τὸν σταθμόν, ὅτι πεντακόσια εἴη τάλαντα, ἐς δὲ τοὺς ἀναθέντας, Μύρωνα εἶναι καὶ τὸν Σικυωνίων δῆμον.
The sentence has an elliptical copular construction: the epigrams are about the smaller chamber, with two coordinated εἰς-phrases specifying (1) the bronze's weight and (2) the dedicators; ὅτι introduces the explanatory optative clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 2 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | |
| 2 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | N--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστι | obl | high | |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἐστι | cc | high | |
| 4 | ἐπιγράμματα | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N--NP-Neu | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 ἐλάσσονί | case | high | |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T--DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐλάσσονί | det | high | |
| 7 | ἐλάσσονί | ἐλάσσων | ADJ | A--DSM-C | Case=Dat|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστι | obl | medium | Substantivized comparative; understood chamber. |
| 8 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 θαλάμων | det | high | |
| 10 | θαλάμων | θάλαμος | NOUN | N--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἐλάσσονί | nmod | high | |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστι | punct | high | |
| 12 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 17 σταθμόν | case | high | |
| 13 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 17 σταθμόν | advmod | high | |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 χαλκοῦ | det | high | |
| 15 | χαλκοῦ | χαλκός | NOUN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 σταθμόν | nmod | high | |
| 16 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 σταθμόν | det | high | |
| 17 | σταθμόν | σταθμός | NOUN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστι | obl | high | First εἰς-phrase specifies the inscription's subject. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 σταθμόν | punct | high | |
| 19 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 εἴη | mark | high | |
| 20 | πεντακόσια | πεντακόσιοι | NUM | A--NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 22 τάλαντα | nummod | high | Neuter numeral agrees with τάλαντα. |
| 21 | εἴη | εἰμί | AUX | V-OIA-3S- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 17 σταθμόν | advcl | high | Optative in ὅτι clause; understood subject is τάλαντα. |
| 22 | τάλαντα | τάλαντον | NOUN | N--NP-Neu | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 21 εἴη | nsubj | high | |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 σταθμόν | punct | high | |
| 24 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 27 ἀναθέντας | case | high | |
| 25 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 27 ἀναθέντας | cc | high | |
| 26 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T--APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 ἀναθέντας | det | high | |
| 27 | ἀναθέντας | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-PAP-APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ἐστι | obl | high | Substantivized participle: those who dedicated it. |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ἀναθέντας | punct | high | |
| 29 | Μύρωνα | Μύρων | PROPN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Accusative subject of εἶναι. |
| 30 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PNA- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 27 ἀναθέντας | xcomp | high | Infinitive naming the dedicators. |
| 31 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 34 δῆμον | cc | high | |
| 32 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 δῆμον | det | high | |
| 33 | Σικυωνίων | Σικυώνιος | ADJ | A--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 34 δῆμον | amod | high | Ethnic adjective modifying δῆμον. |
| 34 | δῆμον | δῆμος | NOUN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 εἶναι | conj | high | Second accusative complement coordinated with Μύρωνα. |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστι | punct | high |
ἐν τούτῳ τῷ θησαυρῷ δίσκοι τὸν ἀριθμὸν ἀνάκεινται τρεῖς, ὅσους ἐς τοῦ πεντάθλου τὸ ἀγώνισμα ἐσκομίζουσι· καὶ ἀσπίς ἐστιν ἐπίχαλκος γραφῇ τὰ ἐντὸς πεποικιλμένη καὶ κράνος τε καὶ κνημῖδες ὁμοῦ τῇ ἀσπίδι·
The sentence has two coordinated clauses: three discus-like objects lie in the treasury, with ὅσους referring to δίσκοι; then a shield is described, with κράνος and κνημῖδες coordinated as further items. The phrase τὸν ἀριθμόν is an accusative of measure/specification, and ἐπίχαλκος is predicative with ἀσπίς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 4 θησαυρῷ | case | high | |
| 2 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | DET | Pd----DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 θησαυρῷ | det | high | |
| 3 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T----DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 θησαυρῷ | det | high | |
| 4 | θησαυρῷ | θησαυρός | NOUN | N----DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀνάκεινται | obl | high | |
| 5 | δίσκοι | δίσκος | NOUN | N----NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἀνάκεινται | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T----MAS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 ἀριθμὸν | det | high | |
| 7 | ἀριθμὸν | ἀριθμός | NOUN | N----MAS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀνάκεινται | obl | medium | Accusative of specification/measure: ‘three in number’. |
| 8 | ἀνάκεινται | ἀνάκειμαι | VERB | V3PPIA | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | τρεῖς | τρεῖς | NUM | M----NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 5 δίσκοι | nummod | high | |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀνάκεινται | punct | high | |
| 11 | ὅσους | ὅσος | PRON | P----MAS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 17 ἐσκομίζουσι | obj | high | Relative pronoun referring to δίσκοι. |
| 12 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 16 ἀγώνισμα | case | high | |
| 13 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T----GNS | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 πεντάθλου | det | high | |
| 14 | πεντάθλου | πένταθλον | NOUN | N----GNS | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἀγώνισμα | nmod | high | |
| 15 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T----NAS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 ἀγώνισμα | det | high | |
| 16 | ἀγώνισμα | ἀγώνισμα | NOUN | N----NAS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἐσκομίζουσι | obl | high | |
| 17 | ἐσκομίζουσι | εἰσκομίζω | VERB | V3PPIA | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 ἀνάκεινται | acl:relcl | medium | Subject is understood as the people who bring the objects into the event; the relative pronoun is its object. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀνάκεινται | punct | high | |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 ἀσπίς | cc | high | |
| 20 | ἀσπίς | ἀσπίς | NOUN | N----NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 21 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 ἀνάκεινται | conj | high | Coordinates a second clause with ἀνάκεινται. |
| 22 | ἐπίχαλκος | ἐπίχαλκος | ADJ | A----NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Predicative adjective with ἀσπίς. |
| 23 | γραφῇ | γραφή | NOUN | N----DFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 πεποικιλμένη | obl | medium | Dative of means/instrument with πεποικιλμένη. |
| 24 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T----NAP | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 25 ἐντὸς | det | high | |
| 25 | ἐντὸς | ἐντός | ADV | D-------- | _ | 26 πεποικιλμένη | advmod | high | Substantivized adverb, ‘the inner parts’. |
| 26 | πεποικιλμένη | ποικίλλω | VERB | VPRPFNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 20 ἀσπίς | acl | high | Perfect passive participle modifying ἀσπίς. |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 28 κράνος | cc | high | |
| 28 | κράνος | κράνος | NOUN | N----NNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 ἐστιν | conj | high | Coordinated additional item; copula is understood. |
| 29 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 28 κράνος | cc | high | |
| 30 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 31 κνημῖδες | cc | high | |
| 31 | κνημῖδες | κνημίς | NOUN | N----NFP | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 ἐστιν | conj | high | Coordinated additional item; copula is understood. |
| 32 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | D-------- | _ | 31 κνημῖδες | advmod | medium | ‘Together with’; syntactically associated with the coordinated armor items. |
| 33 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T----DFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 34 ἀσπίδι | det | high | |
| 34 | ἀσπίδι | ἀσπίς | NOUN | N----DFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 ὁμοῦ | obl | high | |
| 35 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἐστιν | punct | high |
ἐπίγραμμα δὲ ἐπὶ τοῖς ὅπλοις, ἀκροθίνιον τῷ Διὶ ὑπὸ Μυάνων ἀνα τεθῆναι.
Elliptical nominal clause: ἐπίγραμμα is the topic, with an implied εἶναι/ἐστίν; ἀκροθίνιον is a predicative apposition or resumptive specification, while τεθῆναι supplies the infinitival content of the inscription. ἀνα is understood as the preverb ἀνα- attached to τεθῆναι, despite separate tokenization.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπίγραμμα | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | -------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Topic/head of an elliptical nominal clause; implied εἶναι/ἐστίν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 1 ἐπίγραμμα | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | -------- | _ | 5 ὅπλοις | case | high | Preposition governing the dative. |
| 4 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | -------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ὅπλοις | det | high | Article agreeing with ὅπλοις. |
| 5 | ὅπλοις | ὅπλον | NOUN | -------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 ἐπίγραμμα | obl | high | Dative governed by ἐπί; location on the weapons. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐπίγραμμα | punct | high | |
| 7 | ἀκροθίνιον | ἀκροθίνιον | NOUN | -------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἐπίγραμμα | appos | medium | Nominal specification/apposition to ἐπίγραμμα; form may also be read as a predicative neuter. |
| 8 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | -------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Διὶ | det | high | Article agreeing with Διί. |
| 9 | Διὶ | Ζεύς | PROPN | -------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 τεθῆναι | obl | high | Dative recipient/dedication complement of τεθῆναι. |
| 10 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | -------- | _ | 11 Μυάνων | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive agent. |
| 11 | Μυάνων | Μύανοι | PROPN | -------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 τεθῆναι | obl:agent | medium | Ethnic proper name; genitive agent of the passive infinitive. |
| 12 | ἀνα | ἀνά | PART | -------- | _ | 13 τεθῆναι | compound:prt | medium | Separate token representing the preverb ἀνα- of τεθῆναι; orthographically unusual in isolation. |
| 13 | τεθῆναι | τίθημι | VERB | V--ANP-- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 7 ἀκροθίνιον | csubj | medium | Aorist passive infinitive, likely content/complement of the nominal statement; ἀνα- means 'to be set up/dedicated'. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐπίγραμμα | punct | high |
οἵτινες δὲ οὗτοι ἦσαν, οὐ κατὰ τὰ αὐτὰ παρίστατο ἅπασιν εἰκάζειν·
The relative clause οἵτινες δὲ οὗτοι ἦσαν is an interrogative-like identification (‘who these men were’); παρίστατο is impersonal, with εἰκάζειν as its infinitival complement and ἅπασιν as a dative of reference. The negative κατὰ τὰ αὐτά means ‘not in the same way’ / ‘not alike’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἵτινες | ὅστις | PRON | Pronominal relative, nominative masculine plural | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 4 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun introducing the identification clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conjunction | _ | 4 ἦσαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οὗτοι | οὗτος | PRON | Demonstrative pronoun, nominative masculine plural | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 4 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | Demonstrative subject/predicate element with ἦσαν. |
| 4 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | Imperfect indicative active, 3rd person plural | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 10 παρίστατο | csubj | medium | Copular verb in the subordinate identification clause; the clause functions as subject of παρίστατο. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἦσαν | punct | high | |
| 6 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | Negative particle | Polarity=Neg | 10 παρίστατο | advmod | high | Negates the impersonal predicate. |
| 7 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | Preposition governing accusative | _ | 9 αὐτὰ | case | high | Introduces the accusative phrase τὰ αὐτά. |
| 8 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | Article, accusative neuter plural | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 αὐτὰ | det | high | |
| 9 | αὐτὰ | αὐτός | PRON | Intensive/demonstrative pronoun, accusative neuter plural | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 10 παρίστατο | obl | high | Substantivized phrase τὰ αὐτά, ‘the same things/way’; κατά governs it. |
| 10 | παρίστατο | παρίστημι | VERB | Imperfect indicative middle/passive, 3rd person singular | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Impersonal use; middle voice morphology is retained, though lexical parsing of the form can be ambiguous. |
| 11 | ἅπασιν | ἅπας | PRON | Adjective/pronoun, dative masculine plural | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Tot | 10 παρίστατο | iobj | high | Dative of reference: ‘for everyone/all alike’. |
| 12 | εἰκάζειν | εἰκάζω | VERB | Present infinitive active | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 παρίστατο | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of impersonal παρίστατο. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 παρίστατο | punct | high |