Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 6.2.10

Sentence 1

6.2.10 sentence 1

Tokens: 15
Input: 701
Output: 1,096
Total: 1,797

παρὰ δὲ Μεσσήνιος Δαμίσκος, ὃς δύο γεγονὼς ἔτη καὶ δέκα ἐνίκησεν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ.

The opening phrase is elliptical; παρὰ likely marks origin/provenance before the subject, and ὃς γεγονὼς ἔτη δύο καὶ δέκα is a relative participial/time expression modifying the subject.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	παρὰ	παρά	ADP	_	_	12 ἐνίκησεν	advmod	medium	Likely preposed locative/prepositional modifier introducing the origin/provenance context.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	12 ἐνίκησεν	discourse	high	Postpositive connective particle.
3	Μεσσήνιος	Μεσσήνιος	ADJ	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 Δαμίσκος	amod	medium	Interpreted as adjectival ethnic modifying Δαμίσκος.
4	Δαμίσκος	Δαμίσκος	PROPN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 ἐνίκησεν	nsubj	high	Subject of ἐνίκησεν.
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	4 Δαμίσκος	punct	high	Comma punctuation.
6	ὃς	ὅς	PRON	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 ἐνίκησεν	nsubj	high	Relative pronoun, subject of ἐνίκησεν.
7	δύο	δύο	NUM	_	Case=Acc\|Number=Plur	9 ἔτη	nummod	medium	Numeral modifying ἔτη.
8	γεγονὼς	γίγνομαι	VERB	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	6 ὃς	advcl	medium	Participle agreeing with ὃς; construction is somewhat elliptical.
9	ἔτη	ἔτος	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	8 γεγονὼς	obj	high	Accusative of extent of time with numeral.
10	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	11 δέκα	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction inside numeral phrase.
11	δέκα	δέκα	NUM	_	Case=Acc\|Number=Plur	9 ἔτη	conj	medium	Part of the numeral expression δύο ... καὶ δέκα.
12	ἐνίκησεν	νικάω	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Finite verb, main predicate.
13	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	_	_	14 Ὀλυμπίᾳ	case	high	Preposition governing Ὀλυμπίᾳ.
14	Ὀλυμπίᾳ	Ὀλυμπία	PROPN	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 ἐνίκησεν	obl	high	Locative oblique complement of ἐνίκησεν.
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	12 ἐνίκησεν	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Sentence 4

6.2.10 sentence 4

Tokens: 14
Input: 691
Output: 1,022
Total: 1,713

εἶναι δὲ οἱ Σικελιῶται καὶ τούτους τῶν ἀρχαίων Ζαγκλαίων καὶ οὐ Μεσσηνίους φασί.

Indirect statement with εἶναι governed by φασί; the accusative predicate phrase is coordinated with a negative alternative.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	εἶναι	εἰμί	VERB	V-PAINF	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	13 φασί	ccomp	high	Infinitival complement of φασί.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	13 φασί	discourse	high	Postpositive particle.
3	οἱ	ὁ	DET	L-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	4 Σικελιῶται	det	high	Article with Σικελιῶται.
4	Σικελιῶται	Σικελιώτης	NOUN	N-P---MN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 φασί	nsubj	high	Subject of φασί.
5	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	6 τούτους	cc	high	Coordinates τούτους with Ζαγκλαίων phrase.
6	τούτους	οὗτος	PRON	P-P---MA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 φασί	obj	high	Object of εἶναι in indirect statement.
7	τῶν	ὁ	DET	L-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	9 Ζαγκλαίων	det	high	Article with ἀρχαίων Ζαγκλαίων.
8	ἀρχαίων	ἀρχαῖος	ADJ	A-P---MG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	9 Ζαγκλαίων	amod	high	Attributive adjective modifying Ζαγκλαίων.
9	Ζαγκλαίων	Ζάγκλαι	PROPN	Np-p---MG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 τούτους	nmod	high	Genitive complement of τούτους, with καὶ linking the whole noun phrase.
10	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	12 Μεσσηνίους	cc	high	Coordinates the negative alternative.
11	οὐ	οὐ	PART	_	_	12 Μεσσηνίους	advmod	high	Negation of Μεσσηνίους.
12	Μεσσηνίους	Μεσσήνιος	ADJ	A-P---MA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 τούτους	conj	high	Second coordinate with implicit εἶναι.
13	φασί	φημί	VERB	V-PAI3P-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb.
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	13 φασί	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Passage 6.2.10