Grammar parses for passage 6.2.5
Open translation for this passage
μαντικὴ δὲ ἡ μὲν διʼ ἐρίφων καὶ ἀρνῶν τε καὶ μόσχων ἐκ παλαιοῦ δήλη καθεστῶσά ἐστιν ἀνθρώποις, Κύπριοι δὲ ὡς καὶ ὑσὶν ἐπεξευρόντες ἔστι μαντεύεσθαι, κυσὶ δὲ οὐδένες ἐπί γε μαντικῆς νομίζουσιν οὐδὲν χρᾶσθαι·
The sentence has three coordinated clauses: mantikē is established as manifest to humans; Cypriots discovered divination also with pigs; no one thinks dogs are used for divination. The copular/impersonal constructions and the final use of χρᾶσθαι are annotated with moderate confidence.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μαντικὴ | μαντική | NOUN | A-N-----N- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 δήλη | nsubj | high | Subject of δήλη; substantive feminine noun. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 Κύπριοι | cc | high | Connective particle introducing the first clause. |
| 3 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | L----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 μαντικὴ | det | high | |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 μαντικὴ | discourse | high | Correlative particle, answered by δέ. |
| 5 | διʼ | διά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 ἐρίφων | case | high | Elided preposition governing the genitive. |
| 6 | ἐρίφων | ἔριφος | NOUN | N-GPM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 δήλη | obl | high | Genitive with διά, instrumental/means. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ἀρνῶν | cc | high | |
| 8 | ἀρνῶν | ἀρήν | NOUN | N-GPM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἐρίφων | conj | high | Coordinated genitive object of διά. |
| 9 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 μόσχων | cc | high | Correlative coordinating particle. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 μόσχων | cc | high | |
| 11 | μόσχων | μόσχος | NOUN | N-GPM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἐρίφων | conj | high | Further coordinated genitive object of διά. |
| 12 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 παλαιοῦ | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 13 | παλαιοῦ | παλαιός | ADJ | A-GSN--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 καθεστῶσά | obl | high | Substantive neuter genitive, ‘from of old’. |
| 14 | δήλη | δῆλος | ADJ | A--NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with εἰμί. |
| 15 | καθεστῶσά | καθίστημι | VERB | V-RAPNSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 ἐστιν | advcl | high | Perfect active participle, predicative/circumstantial. |
| 16 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA3-S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 17 | ἀνθρώποις | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-DPM--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἐστιν | iobj | high | Dative of reference/experiencer. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 19 | Κύπριοι | Κύπριος | PROPN | N-NPM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Subject of the second clause. |
| 20 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 25 ἔστι | cc | high | Connective coordinating particle. |
| 21 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 24 ἐπεξευρόντες | mark | medium | Introduces a comparative/content-like subordinate relation; exact force is idiomatic. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 ὑσὶν | cc | high | |
| 23 | ὑσὶν | ὗς | NOUN | N-DPM--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 ἐπεξευρόντες | iobj | high | Dative with ἐπεξευρίσκω, ‘with pigs’. |
| 24 | ἐπεξευρόντες | ἐπεξευρίσκω | VERB | V-AAPNPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 25 ἔστι | advcl | high | Aorist active participle agreeing with Κύπριοι. |
| 25 | ἔστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA3-S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Impersonal/existential construction with following infinitive; coordinated main clause. |
| 26 | μαντεύεσθαι | μαντεύομαι | VERB | V-PMN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 25 ἔστι | xcomp | high | Infinitive dependent on impersonal ἔστι. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἔστι | punct | high | |
| 28 | κυσὶ | κύων | NOUN | N-DPM--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 36 χρᾶσθαι | iobj | high | Dative with χρᾶσθαι. |
| 29 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 34 νομίζουσιν | cc | high | Connective particle introducing the final clause. |
| 30 | οὐδένες | οὐδείς | PRON | A-NPM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 34 νομίζουσιν | nsubj | high | Negative pronoun, subject of νομίζουσιν. |
| 31 | ἐπί | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 33 μαντικῆς | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 32 | γε | γε | PART | G-------- | _ | 31 ἐπί | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 33 | μαντικῆς | μαντική | NOUN | N-GSF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 34 νομίζουσιν | obl | high | Genitive with ἐπί, ‘in matters of divination’. |
| 34 | νομίζουσιν | νομίζω | VERB | V-PIA3-P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 25 ἔστι | conj | high | Main predicate of the final coordinated clause. |
| 35 | οὐδὲν | οὐδείς | PRON | A-NSN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 36 χρᾶσθαι | obj | medium | Neuter accusative, likely adverbial ‘in no way’ or object-like complement. |
| 36 | χρᾶσθαι | χράομαι | VERB | V-PMN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 34 νομίζουσιν | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by νομίζουσιν; χράομαι takes the dative κυσί. |
| 37 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 34 νομίζουσιν | punct | high |
ἔοικεν οὖν ἰδίαν τινὰ ὁ Θρασύβουλος ἐπὶ σπλάγχνων μαντικὴν κυνείων καταστήσασθαι.
The accusative μαντικήν is the object of καταστήσασθαι; ἐπὶ σπλάγχνων and κυνείων specify the divinatory practice associated with canine entrails.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔοικεν | ἔοικα | VERB | V-Perf-Act-Ind-3S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect form with present-like stative meaning. |
| 2 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | PART | _ | 1 ἔοικεν | discourse | high | |
| 3 | ἰδίαν | ἴδιος | ADJ | A-1A-S-F | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 μαντικὴν | amod | high | |
| 4 | τινὰ | τις | DET | D-Indef-Acc-S-F | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 3 ἰδίαν | det | high | Indefinite pronoun used attributively. |
| 5 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-Art-Nom-S-M | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Θρασύβουλος | det | high | |
| 6 | Θρασύβουλος | Θρασύβουλος | PROPN | N-Nom-S-M | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἔοικεν | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 8 σπλάγχνων | case | high | With genitive, indicating the bodily region involved. |
| 8 | σπλάγχνων | σπλάγχνον | NOUN | N-Gen-P-N | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 μαντικὴν | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἐπί. |
| 9 | μαντικὴν | μαντικός | NOUN | N-Acc-S-F | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 καταστήσασθαι | obj | high | Substantivized feminine accusative: a divinatory practice/art. |
| 10 | κυνείων | κύνειος | ADJ | A-Gen-P-F | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 μαντικὴν | nmod | medium | Agrees with μαντικήν in sense as a genitive descriptive complement; form is feminine genitive plural. |
| 11 | καταστήσασθαι | καθίστημι | VERB | V-Aor-Med-Inf | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 1 ἔοικεν | xcomp | high | Aorist middle infinitive complementary to ἔοικεν. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔοικεν | punct | high |
οἱ δʼ Ἰαμίδαι καλούμενοι μάντεις γεγόνασιν ἀπὸ Ἰάμου·
The nominative μάντεις is a predicate nominative with γεγόνασιν; ἀπὸ Ἰάμου expresses origin, while καλούμενοι modifies Ἰαμίδαι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | article-nom-mpl | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 Ἰαμίδαι | det | high | |
| 2 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | conj | _ | 6 γεγόνασιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἰαμίδαι | Ἰαμίδης | PROPN | noun-nom-mpl | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 γεγόνασιν | nsubj | high | Patronymic family name used substantivally. |
| 4 | καλούμενοι | καλέω | VERB | part-pres-mid nom-mpl | Aspect=Imp|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 3 Ἰαμίδαι | acl | high | Attributive/passive-in-form participle: 'being called'. |
| 5 | μάντεις | μάντις | NOUN | noun-nom-mpl | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 γεγόνασιν | predicative | high | Predicate nominative with γεγόνασιν. |
| 6 | γεγόνασιν | γίγνομαι | VERB | verb-perf-act-ind-3pl | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect of γίγνομαι, functioning as 'have become / are'. |
| 7 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | prep-gen | _ | 8 Ἰάμου | case | high | |
| 8 | Ἰάμου | Ἴαμος | PROPN | noun-gen-sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 γεγόνασιν | obl | high | Source/origin complement of γεγόνασιν. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 γεγόνασιν | punct | high |
τὸν δὲ εἶναι παῖδα Ἀπόλλωνος καὶ λαβεῖν μαντικήν φησιν ἐν ᾄσματι Πίνδαρος.
φησιν takes an accusative-and-infinitive report: τὸν ... παῖδα ... εἶναι and λαβεῖν are coordinated infinitival predicates; ἐν ᾄσματι modifies the reported statement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | article-ACC-M-SG | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 παῖδα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 φησιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-INF-PRES-ACT | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 φησιν | ccomp | high | Infinitive in reported assertion. |
| 4 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N-ACC-M-SG | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative with εἶναι. |
| 5 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | N-GEN-M-SG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 παῖδα | nmod | high | Genitive of parentage. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 λαβεῖν | cc | high | |
| 7 | λαβεῖν | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-INF-AOR-ACT | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 3 εἶναι | conj | high | Coordinated infinitive under φησιν. |
| 8 | μαντικήν | μαντική | NOUN | N-ACC-F-SG | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 λαβεῖν | obj | high | Object of λαβεῖν. |
| 9 | φησιν | φημί | VERB | V-3SG-PRES-ACT-IND | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 ᾄσματι | case | high | |
| 11 | ᾄσματι | ᾄσμα | NOUN | N-DAT-N-SG | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 φησιν | obl | high | Prepositional adjunct specifying the medium/source of the statement. |
| 12 | Πίνδαρος | Πίνδαρος | PROPN | N-NOM-M-SG | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 φησιν | nsubj | high | Subject of φησιν. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 φησιν | punct | high |