Grammar parses for passage 6.20.15
Open translation for this passage
παρεχομένου δὲ τοῦ ἱπποδρόμου παρήκουσαν ἐς πλέον τὴν ἑτέραν τῶν πλευρῶν, ἔστιν ἐπὶ τῆς μείζονος πλευρᾶς, οὔσης χώματος, κατὰ τὴν διέξοδον τὴν διὰ τοῦ χώματος τὸ τῶν ἵππων δεῖμα ὁ Ταράξιππος.
The sentence has an absolute genitive παρεχομένου τοῦ ἱπποδρόμου and a main verb παρήκουσαν with an elliptical/impersonal subject understood from context; οὔσης χώματος is a genitive absolute-like explanatory phrase dependent on τῆς μείζονος πλευρᾶς. The final clause identifies the Taraxippus as τὸ ... δεῖμα, with ἔστιν understood/copular.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρεχομένου | παρέχω | VERB | V-PAP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 ἱπποδρόμου | acl | medium | Genitive absolute participle; subject is τοῦ ἱπποδρόμου. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 παρήκουσαν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἱπποδρόμου | det | high | |
| 4 | ἱπποδρόμου | ἱππόδρομος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 παρήκουσαν | advcl | medium | Head of the genitive absolute with παρεχομένου. |
| 5 | παρήκουσαν | παραήκω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Lexical parsing and subject are somewhat uncertain; likely ‘extended/reached farther’. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 πλέον | case | high | |
| 7 | πλέον | πολύς | ADJ | A-NASN-CMP | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 παρήκουσαν | obl | medium | Substantivized comparative, ‘farther/more’. |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἑτέραν | det | high | |
| 9 | ἑτέραν | ἕτερος | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 παρήκουσαν | obj | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘the other’. |
| 10 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 πλευρῶν | det | high | |
| 11 | πλευρῶν | πλευρά | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 ἑτέραν | nmod | high | |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 παρήκουσαν | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 παρήκουσαν | parataxis | medium | Existential/copular clarification, ‘that is’. |
| 14 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 17 πλευρᾶς | case | high | |
| 15 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 μείζονος | det | high | |
| 16 | μείζονος | μέγας | ADJ | A-GSF-CMP | Case=Gen|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 πλευρᾶς | amod | high | Comparative adjective modifying πλευρᾶς. |
| 17 | πλευρᾶς | πλευρά | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἔστιν | obl | medium | Genitive governed by ἐπί; explanatory location. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἔστιν | punct | high | |
| 19 | οὔσης | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 17 πλευρᾶς | acl | medium | Genitive participle agreeing with πλευρᾶς; explanatory construction. |
| 20 | χώματος | χῶμα | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 οὔσης | xcomp | medium | Predicate genitive with οὔσης, ‘being an earthwork/embankment’. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἔστιν | punct | high | |
| 22 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 24 διέξοδον | case | high | |
| 23 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 διέξοδον | det | high | |
| 24 | διέξοδον | διέξοδος | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἔστιν | obl | high | |
| 25 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 διὰ | det | high | |
| 26 | διὰ | διά | ADP | PREP | _ | 28 χώματος | case | high | |
| 27 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 28 χώματος | det | high | |
| 28 | χώματος | χῶμα | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 διέξοδον | nmod | high | The relative-like phrase τὴν διὰ τοῦ χώματος modifies διέξοδον. |
| 29 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 32 δεῖμα | det | high | |
| 30 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 31 ἵππων | det | high | |
| 31 | ἵππων | ἵππος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 δεῖμα | nmod | high | |
| 32 | δεῖμα | δεῖμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἔστιν | nsubj | medium | Subject/predicate nominal in the identification of Taraxippus. |
| 33 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 Ταράξιππος | det | high | |
| 34 | Ταράξιππος | Ταράξιππος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | Proper name; appositional/identificational relation with τὸ ... δεῖμα. |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 παρήκουσαν | punct | high |
σχῆμα μὲν βωμοῦ περιφεροῦς ἐστι, παραθέοντας δὲ κατὰ τοῦτο τοὺς ἵππους φόβος τε αὐτίκα ἰσχυρὸς ἀπʼ οὐδεμιᾶς προφάσεως φανερᾶς καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ φόβου λαμβάνει ταραχή, τά τε δὴ ἅρματα καταγνύουσιν ὡς ἐπίπαν καὶ οἱ ἡνίοχοι τιτρώσκονται·
The sentence has a verbless initial nominal clause and a coordinated finite sequence; παραθέοντας is an accusative circumstantial participle agreeing with τοὺς ἵππους, while φόβος is the subject of ἐστι understood/continued into λαμβάνει. The final clauses coordinate the consequences.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | σχῆμα | σχῆμα | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | g-------- | _ | 1 σχῆμα | discourse | high | |
| 3 | βωμοῦ | βωμός | NOUN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 σχῆμα | nmod | high | |
| 4 | περιφεροῦς | περιφερής | ADJ | a-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 βωμοῦ | amod | medium | Agrees with βωμοῦ; the form is semantically ‘round/circular’. |
| 5 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | --------- | _ | 5 ἐστι | punct | high | |
| 7 | παραθέοντας | παραθέω | VERB | v--pamaa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 φόβος | advcl | medium | Accusative participle, agreeing with τοὺς ἵππους; circumstantial, with subject/object relation to the following event. |
| 8 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 13 φόβος | cc | high | |
| 9 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | r-------- | _ | 10 τοῦτο | case | high | |
| 10 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | pd-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 13 φόβος | obl | high | Accusative object of κατά. |
| 11 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | l-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 ἵππους | det | high | |
| 12 | ἵππους | ἵππος | NOUN | n-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 παραθέοντας | obj | high | |
| 13 | φόβος | φόβος | NOUN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 λαμβάνει | nsubj | medium | Subject of λαμβάνει; semantically introduces the new fear event. |
| 14 | τε | τε | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 13 φόβος | cc | high | |
| 15 | αὐτίκα | αὐτίκα | ADV | d-------- | _ | 25 λαμβάνει | advmod | high | |
| 16 | ἰσχυρὸς | ἰσχυρός | ADJ | a-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 φόβος | amod | high | |
| 17 | ἀπʼ | ἀπό | ADP | r-------- | _ | 19 προφάσεως | case | high | |
| 18 | οὐδεμιᾶς | οὐδείς | DET | a-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Neg | 19 προφάσεως | det | high | |
| 19 | προφάσεως | πρόφασις | NOUN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 λαμβάνει | obl | high | |
| 20 | φανερᾶς | φανερός | ADJ | a-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 προφάσεως | amod | high | |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 25 λαμβάνει | cc | high | |
| 22 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | r-------- | _ | 24 φόβου | case | high | |
| 23 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 24 φόβου | det | high | |
| 24 | φόβου | φόβος | NOUN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 λαμβάνει | obl | high | |
| 25 | λαμβάνει | λαμβάνω | VERB | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 ἐστι | conj | high | |
| 26 | ταραχή | ταραχή | NOUN | n-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 λαμβάνει | obj | medium | Nominally the disturbance acquired; accusative would be expected in a straightforward object analysis, but the transmitted form is nominative. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | --------- | _ | 25 λαμβάνει | punct | high | |
| 28 | τά | ὁ | DET | l-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 31 ἅρματα | det | high | |
| 29 | τε | τε | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 31 ἅρματα | cc | high | |
| 30 | δὴ | δή | PART | g-------- | _ | 32 καταγνύουσιν | discourse | high | |
| 31 | ἅρματα | ἅρμα | NOUN | n-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 32 καταγνύουσιν | obj | high | |
| 32 | καταγνύουσιν | κατάγνυμι | VERB | v3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 25 λαμβάνει | conj | high | |
| 33 | ὡς | ὡς | ADV | d-------- | _ | 34 ἐπίπαν | advmod | high | Together with ἐπίπαν: ‘for the most part/as a rule’. |
| 34 | ἐπίπαν | ἐπίπαν | ADV | d-------- | _ | 32 καταγνύουσιν | advmod | high | |
| 35 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 38 τιτρώσκονται | cc | high | |
| 36 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | l-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 37 ἡνίοχοι | det | high | |
| 37 | ἡνίοχοι | ἡνίοχος | NOUN | n-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 38 τιτρώσκονται | nsubj | high | |
| 38 | τιτρώσκονται | τιτρώσκω | VERB | v3ppim--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 32 καταγνύουσιν | conj | high | Middle/passive-form finite verb, coordinated with καταγνύουσιν. |
| 39 | · | · | PUNCT | --------- | _ | 32 καταγνύουσιν | punct | high |
καὶ τοῦδε ἡνίοχοι ἕνεκα θυσίας θύουσι καὶ γενέσθαι σφίσιν ἵλεων εὔχονται τὸν Ταράξιππον.
Τοῦδε is a genitive demonstrative referring to the preceding context; ἕνεκα θυσίας is a postposed causal phrase. The infinitive γενέσθαι is complementary to εὔχονται, with σφίσιν as ethical/indirect-object dative and ἵλεων as predicate accusative agreeing with the object Ταράξιππον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 6 θύουσι | cc | high | |
| 2 | τοῦδε | ὅδε | PRON | Demonstrative pronoun | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἕνεκα | obl | medium | Genitive demonstrative, probably dependent on ἕνεκα; exact antecedent is contextual. |
| 3 | ἡνίοχοι | ἡνίοχος | NOUN | Noun-2nd-declension | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 θύουσι | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | ἕνεκα | ἕνεκα | ADP | Prep | _ | 5 θυσίας | case | high | Postpositive causal preposition governing θυσίας. |
| 5 | θυσίας | θυσία | NOUN | Noun-1st-declension | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 θύουσι | obl | high | |
| 6 | θύουσι | θύω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 11 εὔχονται | cc | high | |
| 8 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2ADN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 11 εὔχονται | xcomp | high | Complementary aorist middle infinitive after εὔχονται. |
| 9 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | PersPron | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 10 ἵλεων | iobj | medium | Dative of advantage/ethical dative with ἵλεων γενέσθαι. |
| 10 | ἵλεων | ἵλεως | ADJ | Adjective-3rd-declension | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 γενέσθαι | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative with Ταράξιππον understood as subject/object of γενέσθαι. |
| 11 | εὔχονται | εὔχομαι | VERB | V-PMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 6 θύουσι | conj | high | |
| 12 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | Art | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 Ταράξιππον | det | high | |
| 13 | Ταράξιππον | Ταράξιππος | PROPN | Name-2nd-declension | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 γενέσθαι | obj | high | Accusative object of εὔχονται, semantically the subject of γενέσθαι and agreeing with predicate ἵλεων. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | Punct | _ | 6 θύουσι | punct | high |