Grammar parses for passage 6.21.3
Open translation for this passage
ὅροι δὲ πρὸς Ἀρκάδας τῆς χώρας τὰ μὲν παρόντα Ἠλείοις, τὰ δὲ ἐξ ἀρχῆς οἱ αὐτοὶ Πισαίοις καθεστήκεσαν.
The sentence has an elliptical copular predicate: ὅροι ... [εἰσί], with τὰ μὲν παρόντα Ἠλείοις contrasted with τὰ δὲ ἐξ ἀρχῆς οἱ αὐτοὶ Πισαίοις καθεστήκεσαν; καθεστήκεσαν is perfect active of καθίστημι, ‘have stood/been established’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὅροι | ὅρος | NOUN | Noun-Nom.Masc.Plur | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 καθεστήκεσαν | nsubj | high | Subject of the coordinated/elliptical predication. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 1 ὅροι | cc | high | Postpositive adversative/continuative conjunction. |
| 3 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | Prep | _ | 4 Ἀρκάδας | case | high | Introduces the neighboring Arcadians as a boundary reference. |
| 4 | Ἀρκάδας | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | Propn-Acc.Masc.Plur | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ὅροι | obl | high | Object of πρὸς. |
| 5 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | Art-Gen.Fem.Sing | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 χώρας | det | high | Article modifying χώρας. |
| 6 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | Noun-Gen.Fem.Sing | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ὅροι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ὅροι: ‘boundaries of the land’. |
| 7 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | Art-Acc.Neut.Plur | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 παρόντα | det | high | Substantivizing article for the first contrasted substantive phrase. |
| 8 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Part | _ | 7 τὰ | advmod | high | First member of μέν ... δέ contrast. |
| 9 | παρόντα | πάρειμι | VERB | Verb-Part.Pres.Act.Acc.Neut.Plur | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 καθεστήκεσαν | nsubj | medium | Substantivized participle, ‘the present/current [ones]’; case is accusative in form but functions in an elliptical nominal predication. |
| 10 | Ἠλείοις | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | Propn-Dat.Masc.Plur | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 παρόντα | iobj | medium | Dative of possession/association: ‘belonging to the Eleans’; syntactic attachment is somewhat elliptical. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 παρόντα | punct | high | |
| 12 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | Art-Acc.Neut.Plur | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 καθεστήκεσαν | nsubj | medium | Substantivizing article for the second contrasted phrase. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 12 τὰ | cc | high | Second member of μέν ... δέ contrast. |
| 14 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | Prep | _ | 15 ἀρχῆς | case | high | Introduces the source/time phrase. |
| 15 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | Noun-Gen.Fem.Sing | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 καθεστήκεσαν | obl | high | With ἐξ, ‘from the beginning/originally’. |
| 16 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | Art-Nom.Masc.Plur | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 αὐτοὶ | det | high | Article substantivizing or accompanying αὐτοί. |
| 17 | αὐτοὶ | αὐτός | PRON | Pron-Nom.Masc.Plur | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 19 καθεστήκεσαν | nsubj | high | Subject of καθεστήκεσαν, referring to the boundaries. |
| 18 | Πισαίοις | Πισαῖος | PROPN | Propn-Dat.Masc.Plur | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 καθεστήκεσαν | iobj | medium | Dative of possession/association: ‘for the Pisatans’. |
| 19 | καθεστήκεσαν | καθίστημι | VERB | Verb-Ind.Perf.Act.3Pl | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect active, ‘have stood/been established’; predicate for the boundary subject. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 καθεστήκεσαν | punct | high |
λέγουσι δὲ ὡς ὁδοιπόρους τε καὶ τοὺς προσοικοῦντας ὁ Σαῦρος ἐκακούργει, πρὶν ἢ παρὰ Ἡρακλέους τὴν δίκην ἔσχε.
The infinitive-like temporal construction πρὶν ἢ ... ἔσχε is analyzed as a subordinate temporal clause; παρὰ Ἡρακλέους is a source/agent phrase with the object τὴν δίκην. The object of ἐκακούργει is coordinated ὁδοιπόρους and τοὺς προσοικοῦντας.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 λέγουσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 λέγουσι | mark | high | Introduces reported content. |
| 4 | ὁδοιπόρους | ὁδοιπόρος | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἐκακούργει | obj | high | |
| 5 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ὁδοιπόρους | cc | high | |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 προσοικοῦντας | cc | high | Coordinates the two object conjuncts. |
| 7 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 προσοικοῦντας | det | high | |
| 8 | προσοικοῦντας | προσοικέω | VERB | V-PAP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 ὁδοιπόρους | conj | high | Substantivized participle, coordinated with ὁδοιπόρους. |
| 9 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Σαῦρος | det | high | |
| 10 | Σαῦρος | Σαῦρος | PROPN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἐκακούργει | nsubj | high | |
| 11 | ἐκακούργει | κακουργέω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 3 ὡς | ccomp | high | Finite verb in the ὡς-reported clause. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐκακούργει | punct | high | |
| 13 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 ἔσχε | mark | high | Temporal subordinator in πρὶν ἢ construction. |
| 14 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 πρὶν | cc | medium | Correlative particle completing πρὶν ἤ. |
| 15 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | PREP | _ | 16 Ἡρακλέους | case | high | |
| 16 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 δίκην | obl | high | Genitive with παρά, indicating source/agent. |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 δίκην | det | high | |
| 18 | δίκην | δίκη | NOUN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἔσχε | obj | high | Object of ἔσχε. |
| 19 | ἔσχε | ἔχω | VERB | V-2AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 11 ἐκακούργει | advcl | high | Temporal subordinate predicate; subject is understood as Σαῦρος. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 λέγουσι | punct | high |