Grammar parses for passage 6.22.4
Open translation for this passage
Πύρρου δὲ τοῦ Πανταλέοντος μετὰ Δαμοφῶντα τὸν ἀδελφὸν βασιλεύσαντος Πισαῖοι πόλεμον ἑκούσιον ἐπανείλοντο Ἠλείοις, συναπέστησαν δέ σφισιν ἀπὸ Ἠλείων Μακίστιοι καὶ Σκιλλούντιοι, οὗτοι μὲν ἐκ τῆς Τριφυλίας, τῶν δὲ ἄλλων περιοίκων Δυσπόντιοι·
The opening is a genitive absolute (Πύρρου ... Πανταλέοντος ... βασιλεύσαντος); the later clause coordinates συναπέστησαν with an elliptical continuation after Δυσπόντιοι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Πύρρου | Πύρρος | PROPN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 βασιλεύσαντος | nmod | high | Genitive subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | --------- | _ | 9 βασιλεύσαντος | cc | high | |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Πανταλέοντος | det | high | |
| 4 | Πανταλέοντος | Πανταλέων | PROPN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 βασιλεύσαντος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent within the genitive absolute. |
| 5 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 Δαμοφῶντα | case | high | |
| 6 | Δαμοφῶντα | Δαμοφῶν | PROPN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 βασιλεύσαντος | obl | high | Accusative object of μετά. |
| 7 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | S---ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀδελφὸν | det | high | |
| 8 | ἀδελφὸν | ἀδελφός | NOUN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Δαμοφῶντα | appos | high | Apposition to Δαμοφῶντα. |
| 9 | βασιλεύσαντος | βασιλεύω | VERB | VPAAGSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 13 ἐπανείλοντο | advcl | high | Genitive absolute, temporal/circumstantial. |
| 10 | Πισαῖοι | Πισαῖος | PROPN | A--NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἐπανείλοντο | nsubj | high | |
| 11 | πόλεμον | πόλεμος | NOUN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐπανείλοντο | obj | high | |
| 12 | ἑκούσιον | ἑκούσιος | ADJ | A--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 πόλεμον | amod | high | |
| 13 | ἐπανείλοντο | ἐπαναιρέομαι | VERB | V3PAMI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Lexical form may be parsed as aorist middle of ἐπαναιρέομαι; sense is undertaking/resuming war. |
| 14 | Ἠλείοις | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | A--DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἐπανείλοντο | obl | high | Dative opponent/target. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐπανείλοντο | punct | high | |
| 16 | συναπέστησαν | συναφίστημι | VERB | V3PAAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 13 ἐπανείλοντο | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb. |
| 17 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | --------- | _ | 16 συναπέστησαν | cc | high | |
| 18 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P---DPM- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 16 συναπέστησαν | obl | high | Dative of separation/association, ‘from them’. |
| 19 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 20 Ἠλείων | case | high | |
| 20 | Ἠλείων | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | A--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 συναπέστησαν | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀπό. |
| 21 | Μακίστιοι | Μακίστιος | PROPN | A--NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 συναπέστησαν | nsubj | high | |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | --------- | _ | 23 Σκιλλούντιοι | cc | high | |
| 23 | Σκιλλούντιοι | Σκιλλούντιος | PROPN | A--NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 Μακίστιοι | conj | high | |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 συναπέστησαν | punct | high | |
| 25 | οὗτοι | οὗτος | PRON | P---NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 35 Δυσπόντιοι | nsubj | high | Resumptive subject of Δυσπόντιοι, with μὲν marking the first member of a contrast. |
| 26 | μὲν | μέν | PART | --------- | _ | 25 οὗτοι | discourse | high | |
| 27 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 29 Τριφυλίας | case | high | |
| 28 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S---GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 Τριφυλίας | det | high | |
| 29 | Τριφυλίας | Τριφυλία | PROPN | N--GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 οὗτοι | obl | high | Origin phrase modifying οὗτοι. |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 35 Δυσπόντιοι | punct | high | |
| 31 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S---GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 34 περιοίκων | det | high | |
| 32 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | --------- | _ | 35 Δυσπόντιοι | cc | high | Correlative contrast with μὲν. |
| 33 | ἄλλων | ἄλλος | ADJ | A---GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 34 περιοίκων | amod | high | |
| 34 | περιοίκων | περίοικος | NOUN | N--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 35 Δυσπόντιοι | nmod | high | Genitive partitive/contrastive phrase. |
| 35 | Δυσπόντιοι | Δυσπόντιος | PROPN | A--NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 συναπέστησαν | nsubj | high | Second coordinated subject, with omitted repeated verb. |
| 36 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 συναπέστησαν | punct | high |
τούτοις καὶ μάλιστα ἐς τοὺς Πισαίους οἰκεῖα ἦν, καὶ οἰκιστὴν Δυσποντέα γενέσθαι σφίσιν Οἰνομάου παῖδα ἐμνημόνευον.
The first clause has an implicit subject and οἰκεῖα as a predicative adjective with ἦν; the second clause is coordinated, with ἐμνημόνευον governing an infinitival content clause γενέσθαι and its accusative subject οἰκιστὴν Δυσποντέα, while σφίσιν is the dative of reference/possession and Οἰνομάου παῖδα is appositional or identifying accusative within the infinitival construction.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτοις | οὗτος | PRON | RD-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 οἰκεῖα | obl | high | Dative of reference: ‘for these matters/people’. |
| 2 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 οἰκεῖα | cc | high | Coordinates the initial phrase with the following emphatic adverbial expression. |
| 3 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Sup | 7 οἰκεῖα | advmod | high | Superlative adverb, modifying οἰκεῖα. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 Πισαίους | case | high | Preposition governing τοὺς Πισαίους. |
| 5 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | LAMP---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 Πισαίους | det | high | Article with Πισαίους. |
| 6 | Πισαίους | Πισαῖος | PROPN | NPM-PA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 οἰκεῖα | obl | high | Accusative plural after ἐς; likely ‘toward/as regards the Pisataeans’. |
| 7 | οἰκεῖα | οἰκεῖος | ADJ | A- -NP-- | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ἦν | nsubj | medium | Neuter plural subject or substantivized predicate; exact syntactic force is somewhat elliptical. |
| 8 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin | 17 ἐμνημόνευον | conj | medium | Imperfect of εἰμί; coordinated predicate with an implicit subject. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 ἐμνημόνευον | cc | high | Coordinates the two finite clauses. |
| 11 | οἰκιστὴν | οἰκιστής | NOUN | NMSA---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 γενέσθαι | obj | medium | Accusative predicative complement of γενέσθαι, agreeing with its accusative subject. |
| 12 | Δυσποντέα | Δυσποντεύς | PROPN | NPMSA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 γενέσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive γενέσθαι. |
| 13 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--NAM--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 17 ἐμνημόνευον | ccomp | high | Infinitival content clause governed by ἐμνημόνευον. |
| 14 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | RP3DPM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 γενέσθαι | obl | medium | Dative of reference or possession: ‘for them/their community’. |
| 15 | Οἰνομάου | Οἰνόμαος | PROPN | NPMSG--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 παῖδα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on παῖδα. |
| 16 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | NMSA---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 γενέσθαι | appos | medium | Accusative identifying/appositional phrase, ‘son of Oinomaos’; attachment within the infinitival construction is syntactically debated. |
| 17 | ἐμνημόνευον | μνημονεύω | VERB | V3PIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite matrix verb, ‘they remembered/mentioned’. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐμνημόνευον | punct | high |
Πισαίους μὲν δὴ καὶ ὅσοι τοῦ πολέμου Πισαίοις μετέσχον, ἐπέλαβεν ἀναστάτους ὑπὸ Ἠλείων γενέσθαι·
The sentence has an accusative object Πισαίους with a coordinated relative clause; ἐπέλαβεν governs the complementary infinitive γενέσθαι, with ἀναστάτους as its predicative accusative and ὑπό + genitive marking the agent. The exact semantic force of ἐπέλαβεν is context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Πισαίους | Πισαῖος | PROPN | A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἐπέλαβεν | obj | high | Accusative plural subject/object of the understood or reported infinitive construction; coordinated with the relative clause. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df | _ | 1 Πισαίους | discourse | high | |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | Df | _ | 11 ἐπέλαβεν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 5 ὅσοι | cc | high | Coordinates the relative clause with the preceding Πισαίους phrase. |
| 5 | ὅσοι | ὅσος | PRON | P--MPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 μετέσχον | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun, subject of μετέσχον. |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S---MG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 πολέμου | det | high | |
| 7 | πολέμου | πόλεμος | NOUN | N---MG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 μετέσχον | obl | high | Genitive with μετέχω. |
| 8 | Πισαίοις | Πισαῖος | PROPN | A---MDP | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 μετέσχον | obl | high | Dative complement with μετέχω, 'share in/participate with'. |
| 9 | μετέσχον | μετέχω | VERB | V-2AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 1 Πισαίους | acl:relcl | high | Aorist active indicative; relative clause modifying or identifying the Pisaians. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐπέλαβεν | punct | high | |
| 11 | ἐπέλαβεν | ἐπιλαμβάνω | VERB | V-2AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist form; subject is implicit/contextual. Governs the infinitive γενέσθαι. |
| 12 | ἀναστάτους | ἀνάστατος | ADJ | A-AMP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 γενέσθαι | xcomp | high | Predicative accusative agreeing with the understood accusative subject Πισαίους of γενέσθαι. |
| 13 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R- | _ | 14 Ἠλείων | case | high | |
| 14 | Ἠλείων | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | A---GP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἀναστάτους | obl:agent | high | Genitive agent with passive/resultative ἀνάστατοι γενέσθαι. |
| 15 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2AMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 11 ἐπέλαβεν | xcomp | high | Aorist middle infinitive complementary to ἐπέλαβεν; its understood subject is Πισαίους. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐπέλαβεν | punct | high |