Grammar parses for passage 6.22.5
Open translation for this passage
Πύλου δὲ τῆς ἐν τῇ Ἠλείᾳ δῆλα τὰ ἐρείπια κατὰ τὴν ἐξ Ὀλυμπίας ἐστὶν ἐς Ἦλιν ὀρεινὴν ὁδόν, ὀγδοήκοντα δὲ στάδια ἐς Ἦλιν ἀπὸ τῆς Πύλου.
The sentence has an elliptical existential/copular construction: δῆλα governs τὰ ἐρείπια, while ἐστὶν links the predicative phrase to the locative/route context; the second clause gives an elliptical distance measure with στάδια.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Πύλου | Πῦλος | PROPN | N-g---s | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 τῆς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on τῆς, identifying the Pylos meant. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 δῆλα | cc | high | |
| 3 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S---gf-s | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 δῆλα | nsubj | medium | Article with an implied or appositional Πύλου phrase; syntactically the phrase identifies the subject. |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 Ἠλείᾳ | case | high | |
| 5 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | S---df-s | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Ἠλείᾳ | det | high | |
| 6 | Ἠλείᾳ | Ἠλεία | PROPN | N proper-df-s | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 δῆλα | nmod | high | Locative designation, ‘in Elis’. |
| 7 | δῆλα | δῆλος | ADJ | A----na-p | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἐστὶν | xcomp | medium | Predicative neuter plural adjective; ἐστὶν is the copular/elliptical predicate. |
| 8 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | S---na-p | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἐρείπια | det | high | |
| 9 | ἐρείπια | ἐρείπιον | NOUN | N-----na-p | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 δῆλα | nsubj | high | Subject of the copular construction. |
| 10 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 ὁδόν | case | high | With accusative τὴν ... ὁδόν. |
| 11 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S---af-s | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ὁδόν | det | high | |
| 12 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 Ὀλυμπίας | case | high | |
| 13 | Ὀλυμπίας | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | N proper-gf-s | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ὁδόν | nmod | high | Origin point of the road. |
| 14 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | VERB | V3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Copula/existential verb; number is singular despite the neuter plural predicative and subject phrase. |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 Ἦλιν | case | high | |
| 16 | Ἦλιν | Ἦλις | PROPN | N proper-af-s | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ὁδόν | nmod | high | Goal of the road. |
| 17 | ὀρεινὴν | ὀρεινός | ADJ | A----af-s | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ὁδόν | amod | high | |
| 18 | ὁδόν | ὁδός | NOUN | N-----af-s | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστὶν | obl | medium | Accusative route expression under κατὰ; attached to the clause as the road along which the ruins are evident. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐστὶν | punct | high | |
| 20 | ὀγδοήκοντα | ὀγδοήκοντα | NUM | M-----na-p | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 22 στάδια | nummod | medium | Numeral modifying στάδια; form is indeclinable in usage. |
| 21 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 στάδια | cc | high | |
| 22 | στάδια | στάδιον | NOUN | N-----na-p | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἐστὶν | obl | medium | Distance measure; the second clause is elliptical, with an implied verb such as εἰσίν. |
| 23 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 24 Ἦλιν | case | high | |
| 24 | Ἦλιν | Ἦλις | PROPN | N proper-af-s | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 στάδια | nmod | high | Destination in the elliptical distance statement. |
| 25 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 27 Πύλου | case | high | |
| 26 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S---gf-s | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 Πύλου | det | high | |
| 27 | Πύλου | Πῦλος | PROPN | N proper-gf-s | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 στάδια | nmod | high | Origin point of the measured distance. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐστὶν | punct | high |
ταύτην τὴν Πύλον ᾤκισε μὲν κατὰ τὰ ἤδη λελεγμένα μοι Μεγαρεὺς ἀνὴρ Πύλων ὁ Κλήσωνος·
The subject is Μεγαρεὺς ἀνήρ, further specified by Πύλων and the patronymic ὁ Κλήσωνος; κατὰ τὰ ἤδη λελεγμένα μοι is an oblique phrase meaning ‘according to what has already been said to me’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταύτην | οὗτος | DET | PD----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 Πύλον | det | high | |
| 2 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | DA----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 Πύλον | det | high | |
| 3 | Πύλον | Πύλος | PROPN | Ne----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ᾤκισε | obj | high | Place name, feminine in this usage. |
| 4 | ᾤκισε | οἰκίζω | VERB | VAIA3S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 4 ᾤκισε | discourse | high | Correlative μέν; no following δέ occurs in this sentence. |
| 6 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | AdpType=Prep | 9 λελεγμένα | case | high | |
| 7 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | DA----APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 λελεγμένα | det | high | Substantivizing the participle phrase. |
| 8 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D-------- | _ | 9 λελεγμένα | advmod | high | |
| 9 | λελεγμένα | λέγω | VERB | XPPNPA | Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|Voice=Pass | 4 ᾤκισε | obl | medium | Perfect passive participle, substantivized with τὰ; μοι supplies the experiencer/agent-like complement. |
| 10 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | RP1DS- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 9 λελεγμένα | obl | medium | Dative with λελεγμένα, ‘said/told to me’; exact attachment may be analyzed as iobj. |
| 11 | Μεγαρεὺς | Μεγαρεύς | PROPN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἀνὴρ | amod | high | Ethnic adjective used substantivally with ἀνήρ. |
| 12 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ᾤκισε | nsubj | high | |
| 13 | Πύλων | Πύλων | PROPN | N----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἀνὴρ | nmod | medium | Genitive of association/descent, ‘a man of the Pylians’; could be read as an ethnic designation. |
| 14 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | DA----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 Κλήσωνος | det | high | |
| 15 | Κλήσωνος | Κλήσων | PROPN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἀνὴρ | appos | high | Patronymic apposition: ὁ Κλήσωνος, ‘son of Kleson’. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ᾤκισε | punct | high |
γενομένη δὲ ὑπὸ Ἡρακλέους ἀνάστατος καὶ αὖθις ἐπισυνοικισθεῖσα ὑπὸ Ἠλείων, ἔμελλεν ἀνὰ χρόνον οὐχ ἕξειν οἰκήτορας.
The participles γενομένη and ἐπισυνοικισθεῖσα are coordinated circumstantial predicates with implicit feminine subject πόλις; ἔμελλεν governs the articular infinitival complement οὐχ ἕξειν οἰκήτορας, with ἀνάστατος predicative to the subject and ἀνὰ χρόνον expressing duration. The semantic subject of ἕξειν is the implied city.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γενομένη | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2AAP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Mid | 12 ἔμελλεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist middle participle, coordinated with ἐπισυνοικισθεῖσα. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἔμελλεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 Ἡρακλέους | case | high | Agent marker with the passive/agentive participial phrase. |
| 4 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 γενομένη | obl:agent | high | Agent of γενομένη in the construction meaning made desolate by Heracles. |
| 5 | ἀνάστατος | ἀνάστατος | ADJ | A-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 γενομένη | xcomp | high | Predicative adjective with the implied feminine subject of γενομένη. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἐπισυνοικισθεῖσα | cc | high | Coordinates the two participial predicates. |
| 7 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | ADV | _ | 8 ἐπισυνοικισθεῖσα | advmod | high | Adverb meaning again. |
| 8 | ἐπισυνοικισθεῖσα | ἐπισυνοικίζω | VERB | V-APP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Pass | 12 ἔμελλεν | advcl | high | Aorist passive participle, coordinated with γενομένη; agent follows with ὑπό. |
| 9 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 10 Ἠλείων | case | high | Agent marker for ἐπισυνοικισθεῖσα. |
| 10 | Ἠλείων | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἐπισυνοικισθεῖσα | obl:agent | high | The Eleans, agent of the passive participle. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἔμελλεν | punct | high | |
| 12 | ἔμελλεν | μέλλω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb, with infinitival complement. |
| 13 | ἀνὰ | ἀνά | ADP | PREP | _ | 14 χρόνον | case | high | Preposition expressing distributive or durative extent with χρόνον. |
| 14 | χρόνον | χρόνος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἕξειν | obl | medium | Duration/extent phrase modifying ἕξειν; exact scope can be analyzed with ἔμελλεν. |
| 15 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | PRT-N | Polarity=Neg | 16 ἕξειν | advmod | high | Negative particle before the infinitive. |
| 16 | ἕξειν | ἔχω | VERB | V-FAI | Mood=Inf|Tense=Future|Voice=Act | 12 ἔμελλεν | xcomp | high | Future infinitive governed by ἔμελλεν; implied subject is the city. |
| 17 | οἰκήτορας | οἰκήτωρ | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἕξειν | obj | high | Direct object of ἕξειν. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἔμελλεν | punct | high |
παρὰ δὲ αὐτὴν ποταμὸς Λάδων κάτεισιν ἐς τὸν Πηνειόν.
The river Ladon flows down beside it and into the Peneius; παρά takes the accusative, while ἐς marks destination.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | _ | Case=Acc | 6 κάτεισιν | case | high | Preposition governing αὐτήν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 κάτεισιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 4 ποταμὸς | obl | high | Accusative feminine pronoun, object of παρά; antecedent is understood geographical referent. |
| 4 | ποταμὸς | ποταμός | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 κάτεισιν | nsubj | high | Nominative subject. |
| 5 | Λάδων | Λάδων | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ποταμὸς | appos | high | Proper-name apposition to ποταμός. |
| 6 | κάτεισιν | κάτειμι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite predicate, ‘flows/goes down’. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | Case=Acc | 9 Πηνειόν | case | high | Preposition governing τὸν Πηνειόν. |
| 8 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 Πηνειόν | det | high | Article modifying Πηνειόν. |
| 9 | Πηνειόν | Πηνειός | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 κάτεισιν | obl | high | Accusative destination governed by ἐς. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 κάτεισιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |