Grammar parses for passage 6.23.1
Open translation for this passage
ἐν δὲ Ἤλιδι τὰ ἄξια μνήμης γυμνάσιόν ἐστιν ἀρχαῖον·
Copular clause with prepositional phrase of location; neuter plural articular phrase τὰ ἄξια μνήμης functions as the subject, with predicate adjective ἀρχαῖον and implied agreement in the singular copular construction as transmitted.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R- | _ | 3 Ἤλιδι | case | high | Preposition governing dative Ἤλιδι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 8 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | Ἤλιδι | Ἦλις | PROPN | Ne-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστιν | obl | high | Dative object of ἐν. |
| 4 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 γυμνάσιόν | det | high | Article modifying the noun phrase ἄξια μνήμης. |
| 5 | ἄξια | ἄξιος | ADJ | A- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 γυμνάσιόν | amod | high | Attributive adjective used substantively with article. |
| 6 | μνήμης | μνήμη | NOUN | N-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἄξια | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἄξιος. |
| 7 | γυμνάσιόν | γυμνάσιον | NOUN | N-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of the copula. |
| 8 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular verb; root of the clause. |
| 9 | ἀρχαῖον | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστιν | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective with copular verb. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
καὶ ὅσα ἐς τοὺς ἀθλητὰς πρὶν ἢ ἐς Ὀλυμπίαν ἀφικνεῖσθαι νομίζουσιν, ἐν τούτῳ σφίσι τῷ γυμνασίῳ δρᾶν καθέστηκε.
The syntax is difficult because ὅσα-νομίζουσιν forms a content clause whose exact dependency to the main predicate is somewhat loose; I analyzed νομίζουσιν as a clausal subject of καθέστηκε, with δρᾶν as a complement of the main verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 19 καθέστηκε | cc | high | Coordination of clauses. |
| 2 | ὅσα | ὅσος | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 νομίζουσιν | obj | medium | Likely internal accusative with νομίζουσιν; antecedent omitted/implicit. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 5 ἀθλητὰς | case | high | Preposition governing ἀθλητὰς. |
| 4 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἀθλητὰς | det | high | Article modifying ἀθλητὰς. |
| 5 | ἀθλητὰς | ἀθλητής | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 νομίζουσιν | obl | medium | Object of νομίζουσιν within the clause introduced by ὅσα. |
| 6 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | _ | _ | 11 νομίζουσιν | mark | high | Marks temporal subordinate clause. |
| 7 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 πρὶν | fixed | high | Part of correlative πρὶν ἤ. |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 10 ἀφικνεῖσθαι | case | high | Preposition with Ὀλυμπίαν. |
| 9 | Ὀλυμπίαν | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἀφικνεῖσθαι | obl | high | Object of ἐς within infinitival phrase. |
| 10 | ἀφικνεῖσθαι | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 11 νομίζουσιν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of νομίζουσιν. |
| 11 | νομίζουσιν | νομίζω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 19 καθέστηκε | csubj | medium | Finite clause functioning as subject of καθέστηκε. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 καθέστηκε | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 19 καθέστηκε | case | high | Preposition governing τούτῳ. |
| 14 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 γυμνασίῳ | det | medium | Demonstrative article-like modifier of γυμνασίῳ. |
| 15 | σφίσι | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 γυμνασίῳ | iobj | medium | Dative of advantage/possession with the locative phrase. |
| 16 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 γυμνασίῳ | det | high | Article modifying γυμνασίῳ. |
| 17 | γυμνασίῳ | γυμνάσιον | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 καθέστηκε | obl | high | Locative oblique with ἐν. |
| 18 | δρᾶν | δράω | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 19 καθέστηκε | xcomp | medium | Infinitival complement of καθέστηκε; exact sense uncertain. |
| 19 | καθέστηκε | καθίστημι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 καθέστηκε | punct | high | Punctuation. |
πλάτανοι μὲν ὑψηλαὶ διὰ τῶν δρόμων πεφύκασιν ἐντὸς τοίχου·
Straightforward main clause with subject πλάτανοι and two adverbial prepositional phrases; ἐντὸς functions prepositionally with a genitive complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πλάτανοι | πλάτανος | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 7 πεφύκασιν | nsubj | high | Subject of πεφύκασιν. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PCL | _ | 1 πλάτανοι | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | ὑψηλαὶ | ὑψηλός | ADJ | A-NSF | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 1 πλάτανοι | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying πλάτανοι. |
| 4 | διὰ | διά | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 6 δρόμων | case | high | Governed by δρόμων. |
| 5 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA-? | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 6 δρόμων | det | high | Definite article modifying δρόμων. |
| 6 | δρόμων | δρόμος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 7 πεφύκασιν | obl | high | Prepositional object of διὰ. |
| 7 | πεφύκασιν | φύω | VERB | V-RAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb, sentence root. |
| 8 | ἐντὸς | ἐντός | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 9 τοίχου | case | medium | Used prepositionally with τοίχου. |
| 9 | τοίχου | τοίχος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 7 πεφύκασιν | obl | high | Adverbial prepositional phrase. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 πεφύκασιν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ὁ σύμπας δὲ οὗτος περίβολος καλεῖται Ξυστός, ὅτι Ἡρακλεῖ τῷ Ἀμφιτρύωνος ἐς ἄσκησιν ἐγίνετο, ὅσαι τῶν ἀκανθῶν ἐφύοντο ἐνταῦθα ἐπὶ ἑκάστῃ ἡμέρᾳ σφᾶς ἀναξύειν.
The final relative clause is syntactically difficult; ὅσαι ἐφύοντο ἐνταῦθα ἐπὶ ἑκάστῃ ἡμέρᾳ σφᾶς ἀναξύειν is treated as a subordinate clause dependent on ἐγίνετο, with ἀναξύειν as complementary infinitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 περίβολος | det | high | Article with περίβολος. |
| 2 | σύμπας | σύμπας | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 περίβολος | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying περίβολος. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 5 περίβολος | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 4 | οὗτος | οὗτος | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 περίβολος | det | high | Demonstrative modifying περίβολος. |
| 5 | περίβολος | περίβολος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 καλεῖται | nsubj | high | Subject of καλεῖται. |
| 6 | καλεῖται | καλέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 7 | Ξυστός | Ξυστός | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 καλεῖται | xcomp | medium | Predicate nominal / name of the περίβολος. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 καλεῖται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | _ | _ | 15 ἐγίνετο | mark | high | Introduces causal clause. |
| 10 | Ἡρακλεῖ | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἐγίνετο | obl | high | Dative of reference/advantage with ἐγίνετο. |
| 11 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 Ἀμφιτρύωνος | det | high | Article with Ἀμφιτρύωνος. |
| 12 | Ἀμφιτρύωνος | Ἀμφιτρύων | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Ἡρακλεῖ | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent of Ἡρακλεῖ; likely patronymic/appositive relation. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 14 ἄσκησιν | case | high | Preposition governing ἄσκησιν. |
| 14 | ἄσκησιν | ἄσκησις | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἐγίνετο | obl | high | Prepositional oblique with ἐς. |
| 15 | ἐγίνετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 9 ὅτι | ccomp | high | Dependent clause headed by ὅτι. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐγίνετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 17 | ὅσαι | ὅσος | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 20 ἐφύοντο | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun, subject of ἐφύοντο. |
| 18 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 ἀκανθῶν | det | high | Article with ἀκανθῶν. |
| 19 | ἀκανθῶν | ἄκανθα | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 ὅσαι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ὅσαι. |
| 20 | ἐφύοντο | φύω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 15 ἐγίνετο | advcl | medium | Subordinate clause; syntactically difficult, likely relative clause or temporal/circumstantial clause. |
| 21 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | _ | _ | 20 ἐφύοντο | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἐφύοντο. |
| 22 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 24 ἡμέρᾳ | case | high | Preposition governing ἡμέρᾳ. |
| 23 | ἑκάστῃ | ἕκαστος | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἡμέρᾳ | amod | high | Modifies ἡμέρᾳ. |
| 24 | ἡμέρᾳ | ἡμέρα | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἐφύοντο | obl | high | Temporal oblique with ἐπὶ. |
| 25 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 26 ἀναξύειν | obj | medium | Likely object of ἀναξύειν; form is dialectal/poetic. |
| 26 | ἀναξύειν | ἀναξύω | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 20 ἐφύοντο | xcomp | medium | Complementary infinitive; exact attachment within the relative clause is somewhat uncertain. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 καλεῖται | punct | high | Punctuation. |