Grammar parses for passage 6.23.1
Open translation for this passage
καὶ ὅσα ἐς τοὺς ἀθλητὰς πρὶν ἢ ἐς Ὀλυμπίαν ἀφικνεῖσθαι νομίζουσιν, ἐν τούτῳ σφίσι τῷ γυμνασίῳ δρᾶν καθέστηκε.
The sentence has a nested temporal infinitive (πρὶν ἢ ... ἀφικνεῖσθαι) within the content associated with νομίζουσιν; καθέστηκε governs δρᾶν and expresses an established practice.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 19 καθέστηκε | cc | high | |
| 2 | ὅσα | ὅσος | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 δρᾶν | obj | medium | Neuter plural relative/quantificational pronoun; scope is the practices referred to. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 5 ἀθλητὰς | case | high | |
| 4 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἀθλητὰς | det | high | |
| 5 | ἀθλητὰς | ἀθλητής | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 νομίζουσιν | obl | medium | With νομίζουσιν: ‘concerning athletes’. |
| 6 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | _ | _ | 10 ἀφικνεῖσθαι | mark | high | |
| 7 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 πρὶν | cc | medium | Correlative particle in πρὶν ἢ. |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 9 Ὀλυμπίαν | case | high | |
| 9 | Ὀλυμπίαν | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἀφικνεῖσθαι | obl | high | |
| 10 | ἀφικνεῖσθαι | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | _ | Aspect=Impf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 11 νομίζουσιν | advcl | high | Infinitival temporal clause with πρίν ἢ. |
| 11 | νομίζουσιν | νομίζω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 19 καθέστηκε | ccomp | medium | Finite verb in the coordinated subordinate content; subject is understood ‘they’. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 καθέστηκε | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 17 γυμνασίῳ | case | high | |
| 14 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 γυμνασίῳ | det | high | Demonstrative modifying γυμνασίῳ. |
| 15 | σφίσι | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 19 καθέστηκε | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/interest: ‘for them’. |
| 16 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 γυμνασίῳ | det | high | |
| 17 | γυμνασίῳ | γυμνάσιον | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 καθέστηκε | obl | high | Dative with ἐν. |
| 18 | δρᾶν | δράω | VERB | _ | Aspect=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 19 καθέστηκε | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by καθέστηκε. |
| 19 | καθέστηκε | καθίστημι | VERB | _ | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=3|Person=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Perfect with stative/resultative force: ‘it has been established/customary to do’. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 καθέστηκε | punct | high |
πλάτανοι μὲν ὑψηλαὶ διὰ τῶν δρόμων πεφύκασιν ἐντὸς τοίχου·
Predicative subject πλάτανοι with agreeing adjective ὑψηλαί; πεφύκασιν is perfect intransitive φύω, while διὰ τῶν δρόμων is a spatial route phrase and ἐντὸς τοίχου an interior-location phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πλάτανοι | πλάτανος | NOUN | N----- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 πεφύκασιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | 概 | _ | 7 πεφύκασιν | discourse | high | Correlative particle; counterpart may be supplied by context. |
| 3 | ὑψηλαὶ | ὑψηλός | ADJ | A--NPF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 πλάτανοι | amod | high | Predicative adjective agreeing semantically with πλάτανοι; feminine form may reflect an understood feminine noun or textual/orthographic issue. |
| 4 | διὰ | διά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 δρόμων | case | high | |
| 5 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 δρόμων | det | high | |
| 6 | δρόμων | δρόμος | NOUN | N----- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 πεφύκασιν | obl | high | Genitive governed by διά; route/location adjunct. |
| 7 | πεφύκασιν | φύω | VERB | V3PPAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect of φύω, intransitive ‘grow/be naturally’; -σιν is movable nu. |
| 8 | ἐντὸς | ἐντός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 τοίχου | case | high | Preposition/adverb governing the genitive. |
| 9 | τοίχου | τοῖχος | NOUN | N----- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 πεφύκασιν | obl | high | Genitive governed by ἐντός. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 πεφύκασιν | punct | high |
ὁ σύμπας δὲ οὗτος περίβολος καλεῖται Ξυστός, ὅτι Ἡρακλεῖ τῷ Ἀμφιτρύωνος ἐς ἄσκησιν ἐγίνετο, ὅσαι τῶν ἀκανθῶν ἐφύοντο ἐνταῦθα ἐπὶ ἑκάστῃ ἡμέρᾳ σφᾶς ἀναξύειν.
The relative clause has ὅσαι ... ἐφύοντο as a subject-relative construction with ἀκανθῶν dependent on the quantified relative; ἀναξύειν is an infinitival purpose/complement construction, with σφᾶς as its accusative subject/object-like reflexive pronoun. The exact attachment of ὅτι and the infinitive is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 περίβολος | det | high | |
| 2 | σύμπας | σύμπας | ADJ | A----NSM- | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 περίβολος | amod | high | Predicative/attributive adjective with ὁ περίβολος. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 καλεῖται | cc | high | |
| 4 | οὗτος | οὗτος | DET | P----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 περίβολος | det | high | |
| 5 | περίβολος | περίβολος | NOUN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 καλεῖται | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | καλεῖται | καλέω | VERB | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Passive naming predicate. |
| 7 | Ξυστός | ξυστός | PROPN | Nb----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 καλεῖται | xcomp | medium | Predicative name in the nominative. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 6 καλεῖται | punct | high | |
| 9 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 15 ἐγίνετο | mark | medium | Causal/complementizer force is somewhat elliptical. |
| 10 | Ἡρακλεῖ | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | Nb----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἐγίνετο | iobj | high | |
| 11 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 Ἀμφιτρύωνος | det | high | |
| 12 | Ἀμφιτρύωνος | Ἀμφιτρύων | PROPN | Nb----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Ἡρακλεῖ | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 ἄσκησιν | case | high | |
| 14 | ἄσκησιν | ἄσκησις | NOUN | N----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἐγίνετο | obl | high | Purpose/destination complement. |
| 15 | ἐγίνετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V3SIMI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Mid | 6 καλεῖται | advcl | medium | Subject is understood contextually, likely the περίβολος. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 15 ἐγίνετο | punct | high | |
| 17 | ὅσαι | ὅσος | PRON | P----NPF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 20 ἐφύοντο | nsubj | medium | Relative quantifier functioning as subject; antecedent is implicit plural thorn-plants or equivalent. |
| 18 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T----GPF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 ἀκανθῶν | det | high | |
| 19 | ἀκανθῶν | ἄκανθα | NOUN | N----GPF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 ὅσαι | nmod | medium | Genitive associated with the quantifier ὅσαι. |
| 20 | ἐφύοντο | φύω | VERB | V3SPIE--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Mid | 15 ἐγίνετο | acl:relcl | medium | Relative clause predicate; ὅσαι is its subject. |
| 21 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 20 ἐφύοντο | advmod | high | |
| 22 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 24 ἡμέρᾳ | case | high | Temporal phrase. |
| 23 | ἑκάστῃ | ἕκαστος | DET | P----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Tot | 24 ἡμέρᾳ | det | high | |
| 24 | ἡμέρᾳ | ἡμέρα | NOUN | N----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἐφύοντο | obl | high | Temporal adjunct. |
| 25 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P----AP-- | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 26 ἀναξύειν | obj | medium | Reflexive third-person plural pronoun; syntactically accusative with the infinitive. |
| 26 | ἀναξύειν | ἀναξύω | VERB | V--PNA--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 ἐγίνετο | xcomp | low | Infinitive in an elliptical construction; exact semantic attachment is uncertain. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 6 καλεῖται | punct | high |