Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 6.23.4

← 6.23.36.23.5 →

Passage 6.23.4

Open translation for this passage

2sentences parsed
67Greek tokens
1,790input tokens
4,740output tokens
Sentence 1

6.23.4 sentence 1

Tokens
45
Input
1,026
Output
3,096
Total
4,122

ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἄλλος ἐλάσσων γυμνασίου περίβολος, ὃς ἔχεται μὲν τοῦ μείζονος, τετράγωνον δὲ ὀνομάζουσιν ἐπὶ τῷ σχήματι· καὶ παλαῖστραι τοῖς ἀθλοῦσιν ἐνταῦθα ποιοῦνται, καὶ συμβάλλουσιν αὐτόθι τοὺς ἀθλητὰς οὐ παλαίσοντας ἔτι, ἐπὶ δὲ ἱμάντων τῶν μαλακωτέρων ταῖς πληγαῖς.

The relative clause has ἔχεται with a likely middle/passive form meaning ‘is attached to’ τοῦ μείζονος; παλαῖστραι ποιοῦνται is a middle construction, and the final ἐπί phrase is elliptical/semantically difficult, probably describing striking with softer thongs. Token 25 is a substantivized participle.

conj conj punct obl parataxis cc punct cop case cc cc punct punct obj nmod amod acl:relcl obl obl obj amod obj case iobj acl amod advmod nmod punct nsubj discourse det cc det det advmod punct cc advmod det advmod advmod det det root 1 ἔστι εἰμί / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 καὶ καί / ADV 4 ἄλλος ἄλλος / ADJ 5 ἐλάσσων ἐλάσσων / ADJ 6 γυμνασίου γυμνάσιον / NOUN 7 περίβολος περίβολος / NOUN 8 , , / PUNCT 9 ὃς ὅς / PRON 10 ἔχεται ἔχω / VERB 11 μὲν μέν / PART 12 τοῦ ὁ / DET 13 μείζονος μέγας / ADJ 14 , , / PUNCT 15 τετράγωνον τετράγωνος / ADJ 16 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 17 ὀνομάζουσιν ὀνομάζω / VERB 18 ἐπὶ ἐπί / ADP 19 τῷ ὁ / DET 20 σχήματι σχῆμα / NOUN 21 · · / PUNCT 22 καὶ καί / CCONJ 23 παλαῖστραι παλαίστρα / NOUN 24 τοῖς ὁ / DET 25 ἀθλοῦσιν ἀθλέω / VERB 26 ἐνταῦθα ἐνταῦθα / ADV 27 ποιοῦνται ποιέω / VERB 28 , , / PUNCT 29 καὶ καί / CCONJ 30 συμβάλλουσιν συμβάλλω / VERB 31 αὐτόθι αὐτόθι / ADV 32 τοὺς ὁ / DET 33 ἀθλητὰς ἀθλητής / NOUN 34 οὐ οὐ / PART 35 παλαίσοντας παλαίω / VERB 36 ἔτι ἔτι / ADV 37 , , / PUNCT 38 ἐπὶ ἐπί / ADP 39 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 40 ἱμάντων ἱμάς / NOUN 41 τῶν ὁ / DET 42 μαλακωτέρων μαλακός / ADJ 43 ταῖς ὁ / DET 44 πληγαῖς πληγή / NOUN 45 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἔστιεἰμίVERBV-PAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act7 περίβολοςcophigh
2δὲδέCCONJCONJ_7 περίβολοςcchigh
3καὶκαίADVADV_4 ἄλλοςadvmodhighConjoins/adds the adjective phrase.
4ἄλλοςἄλλοςADJA-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing7 περίβολοςamodhigh
5ἐλάσσωνἐλάσσωνADJA-NSM-CCase=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing7 περίβολοςamodhigh
6γυμνασίουγυμνάσιονNOUNN-GSNCase=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing7 περίβολοςnmodhigh
7περίβολοςπερίβολοςNOUNN-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing0 ROOTroothigh
8,,PUNCT__7 περίβολοςpuncthigh
9ὃςὅςPRONR-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing10 ἔχεταιnsubjhigh
10ἔχεταιἔχωVERBV-PMI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid7 περίβολοςacl:relclmediumForm may be middle/passive; ‘is attached/connected to’ is syntactically and semantically preferred.
11μὲνμένPARTPRT_10 ἔχεταιdiscoursehigh
12τοῦDETT-GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing13 μείζονοςdethigh
13μείζονοςμέγαςADJA-GSM-CCase=Gen|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing10 ἔχεταιoblhighSubstantivized comparative, ‘the larger one’.
14,,PUNCT__10 ἔχεταιpuncthigh
15τετράγωνοντετράγωνοςADJA-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing17 ὀνομάζουσινobjmediumPredicative/object complement with ὀνομάζουσιν; agrees with the understood περίβολον.
16δὲδέCCONJCONJ_17 ὀνομάζουσινcchigh
17ὀνομάζουσινὀνομάζωVERBV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act7 περίβολοςparataxishigh
18ἐπὶἐπίADPPREP_20 σχήματιcasehigh
19τῷDETT-DSNCase=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing20 σχήματιdethigh
20σχήματισχῆμαNOUNN-DSNCase=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing17 ὀνομάζουσινoblhigh
21··PUNCT__17 ὀνομάζουσινpuncthigh
22καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_27 ποιοῦνταιcchigh
23παλαῖστραιπαλαίστραNOUNN-NPFCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur27 ποιοῦνταιobjmediumAccusative-like semantic object of the middle ποιοῦνται (‘make/provide wrestling grounds’), though form is nominative; possible textual/syntactic irregularity.
24τοῖςDETT-DPMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur25 ἀθλοῦσινdethigh
25ἀθλοῦσινἀθλέωVERBV-PAP-DPMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act27 ποιοῦνταιiobjhighSubstantivized present participle, ‘for those training/competing’.
26ἐνταῦθαἐνταῦθαADVADV_27 ποιοῦνταιadvmodhigh
27ποιοῦνταιποιέωVERBV-PMI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid7 περίβολοςconjhighMiddle voice likely has a benefactive/provision sense.
28,,PUNCT__27 ποιοῦνταιpuncthigh
29καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_30 συμβάλλουσινcchigh
30συμβάλλουσινσυμβάλλωVERBV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act7 περίβολοςconjhigh
31αὐτόθιαὐτόθιADVADV_30 συμβάλλουσινadvmodhigh
32τοὺςDETT-APMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur33 ἀθλητὰςdethigh
33ἀθλητὰςἀθλητήςNOUNN-APMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur30 συμβάλλουσινobjhigh
34οὐοὐPARTPRT-NPolarity=Neg35 παλαίσονταςadvmodhigh
35παλαίσονταςπαλαίωVERBV-PAP-APMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act33 ἀθλητὰςaclhighAttributive/secondary participle: athletes not still wrestling.
36ἔτιἔτιADVADV_35 παλαίσονταςadvmodhigh
37,,PUNCT__30 συμβάλλουσινpuncthigh
38ἐπὶἐπίADPPREP_44 πληγαῖςcasemediumThe phrase is syntactically elliptical or textually difficult.
39δὲδέCCONJCONJ_30 συμβάλλουσινccmediumAdversative/continuative particle introducing the final phrase.
40ἱμάντωνἱμάςNOUNN-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur44 πληγαῖςnmodmediumGenitive dependent on πληγαῖς or an omitted noun; exact relation uncertain.
41τῶνDETT-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur42 μαλακωτέρωνdethigh
42μαλακωτέρωνμαλακόςADJA-GPM-CCase=Gen|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur40 ἱμάντωνamodhigh
43ταῖςDETT-DPFCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur44 πληγαῖςdethigh
44πληγαῖςπληγήNOUNN-DPFCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur30 συμβάλλουσινobllowLikely instrumental/dative of means (‘with blows’), but the relation of ἐπί and the genitive ἱμάντων is uncertain.
45..PUNCT__30 συμβάλλουσινpuncthigh
Sentence 2

6.23.4 sentence 2

Tokens
22
Input
764
Output
1,644
Total
2,408

ἀνάκειται δὲ καὶ τῶν ἀγαλμάτων τὸ ἕτερον, ἃ ἐπὶ ζημίᾳ Σωσάνδρου τε τοῦ Σμυρναίου καὶ Ἠλείου Πολύκτορος τῷ Διὶ ἐποιήθη.

The relative pronoun ἃ is neuter plural and refers to the two statues; ἐποιήθη is passive singular with τὸ ἕτερον as its subject, while the relative clause has a plural subject understood as the statues. Σωσάνδρου and Πολύκτορος are genitives dependent on ζημίᾳ, with the second coordinated name further specified by τοῦ Σμυρναίου and Ἠλείου.

punct acl:relcl nsubj obl nsubj conj amod advmod nmod cc cc det det punct case nmod cc det amod det iobj root 1 ἀνάκειται ἀνάκειμαι / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 καὶ καί / ADV 4 τῶν ὁ / DET 5 ἀγαλμάτων ἄγαλμα / NOUN 6 τὸ ὁ / DET 7 ἕτερον ἕτερος / PRON 8 , , / PUNCT 9 ὅς / PRON 10 ἐπὶ ἐπί / ADP 11 ζημίᾳ ζημία / NOUN 12 Σωσάνδρου Σώσανδρος / PROPN 13 τε τε / CCONJ 14 τοῦ ὁ / DET 15 Σμυρναίου Σμυρναῖος / ADJ 16 καὶ καί / CCONJ 17 Ἠλείου Ἠλεῖος / ADJ 18 Πολύκτορος Πολύκτωρ / PROPN 19 τῷ ὁ / DET 20 Διὶ Ζεύς / PROPN 21 ἐποιήθη ποιέω / VERB 22 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἀνάκειταιἀνάκειμαιVERBV-PMI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid0 ROOTroothigh
2δὲδέCCONJG-----_1 ἀνάκειταιcchigh
3καὶκαίADVD---------_1 ἀνάκειταιadvmodhighAdditive καί.
4τῶνDETS-||||-GPNCase=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur5 ἀγαλμάτωνdethigh
5ἀγαλμάτωνἄγαλμαNOUNS---GN-P-Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur7 ἕτερονnmodhighPartitive genitive with τὸ ἕτερον.
6τὸDETS-||||-NNSCase=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing7 ἕτερονdethigh
7ἕτερονἕτεροςPRONA-S---NN-Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing1 ἀνάκειταιnsubjhighSubstantivized adjective/pronominal form.
8,,PUNCT__7 ἕτερονpuncthigh
9ὅςPRONP--NNA-P-Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur21 ἐποιήθηnsubjmediumRelative plural likely refers to the two statues; attraction is not required.
10ἐπὶἐπίADPR--------_11 ζημίᾳcasehigh
11ζημίᾳζημίαNOUNS---LD-S-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing21 ἐποιήθηoblhighDative of purpose/occasion: at the penalty or cost.
12ΣωσάνδρουΣώσανδροςPROPNS---GM-S-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing11 ζημίᾳnmodhigh
13τετεCCONJG---------_12 ΣωσάνδρουcchighCorrelative coordination with καί at token 16.
14τοῦDETS-||||-GMSCase=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing15 Σμυρναίουdethigh
15ΣμυρναίουΣμυρναῖοςADJA-S---GM-SCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing12 ΣωσάνδρουamodhighEthnic adjective modifying Σωσάνδρου.
16καὶκαίCCONJC---------_18 ΠολύκτοροςcchighCoordinates Πολύκτορος with Σωσάνδρου.
17ἨλείουἨλεῖοςADJA-S---GM-SCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing18 ΠολύκτοροςamodhighEthnic adjective modifying Πολύκτορος.
18ΠολύκτοροςΠολύκτωρPROPNS---GM-S-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing12 Σωσάνδρουconjhigh
19τῷDETS-||||-DMSCase=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing20 Διὶdethigh
20ΔιὶΖεύςPROPNS---DM-S-Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing21 ἐποιήθηiobjhighDative recipient with ἐποιήθη.
21ἐποιήθηποιέωVERBV-API-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass7 ἕτερονacl:relclhighRelative-clause predicate; singular agreement is with τὸ ἕτερον understood, despite plural ἃ.
22..PUNCT__1 ἀνάκειταιpuncthigh
← 6.23.36.23.5 →