Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 6.25.3

← 6.25.2 6.25.4 →

Passage 6.25.3

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed

118Greek tokens

3,445input tokens

8,171output tokens

Sentence 1

6.25.3 sentence 1

Tokens: 44
Input: 992
Output: 2,921
Total: 3,913

ἐπάγονται δὲ καὶ Ὅμηρον τῷ λόγῳ μάρτυρα ποιήσαντα ἐν Ἰλιάδι τλῆ δʼ Ἀίδης ἐν τοῖσι πελώριος ὠκὺν ὀιστόν, εὖτέ μιν ωὐτὸς ἀνὴρ υἱὸς Διὸς αἰγιόχοιο ἐν Πύλῳ ἐν νεκύεσσι βαλὼν ὀδύνῃσιν ἔδωκεν· Hom. Il. 5.395-397

The quotation is coordinated/paratactically attached to the reporting verb; τλῆ is treated as an epic imperative with πελώριος predicative, while ἔδωκεν heads the εὖτε temporal clause.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἐπάγονται	ἐπάγω	VERB	V-3P-MI-IND-PRES	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 ἐπάγονται	cc	high
3	καὶ	καί	ADV	ADV	_	4 Ὅμηρον	advmod	high
4	Ὅμηρον	Ὅμηρος	PROPN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	1 ἐπάγονται	obj	high
5	τῷ	ὁ	DET	T-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 λόγῳ	det	high
6	λόγῳ	λόγος	NOUN	N-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	1 ἐπάγονται	obl	high
7	μάρτυρα	μάρτυς	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	8 ποιήσαντα	xcomp	high	Predicate accusative with ποιήσαντα.
8	ποιήσαντα	ποιέω	VERB	V-APA-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	4 Ὅμηρον	acl	high	Accusative participle agreeing with Ὅμηρον.
9	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	_	10 Ἰλιάδι	case	high
10	Ἰλιάδι	Ἰλιάς	PROPN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 ποιήσαντα	obl	high	Ὅμηρον ποιήσαντα ἐν Ἰλιάδι.
11	τλῆ	τλήναι	VERB	V-2A-AP-IMP	Mood=Imp\|Number=Sing\|Person=2\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	16 πελώριος	parataxis	medium	Epic aorist imperative, beginning the Homeric quotation.
12	δʼ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	11 τλῆ	cc	high
13	Ἀίδης	Ἀΐδης	PROPN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	16 πελώριος	nsubj	high
14	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	_	15 τοῖσι	case	high
15	τοῖσι	ὁ	DET	T-DPN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	30 νεκύεσσι	det	medium	Epic dative plural article, substantivized with νεκύεσσι.
16	πελώριος	πελώριος	ADJ	A-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 τλῆ	xcomp	medium	Predicative adjective with understood/elliptical infinitival construction after τλῆ.
17	ὠκὺν	ὠκύς	ADJ	A-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 ὀιστόν	amod	high
18	ὀιστόν	ὀϊστός	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	31 βαλὼν	obj	medium	Object of βαλών, with πελώριος predicating the arrow's exceptional size.
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	11 τλῆ	punct	high
20	εὖτέ	εὖτε	SCONJ	CONJ	_	33 ἔδωκεν	mark	high	Temporal subordinating conjunction.
21	μιν	μιν	PRON	P-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	33 ἔδωκεν	obj	high	Refers to Ἀΐδης.
22	ωὐτὸς	αὐτός	PRON	P-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	23 ἀνὴρ	appos	medium	Crasis/epic spelling; emphatic pronoun with ἀνήρ.
23	ἀνὴρ	ἀνήρ	NOUN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	33 ἔδωκεν	nsubj	high
24	υἱὸς	υἱός	NOUN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	23 ἀνὴρ	appos	high	Appositional identification of the man.
25	Διὸς	Ζεύς	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	24 υἱὸς	nmod	high
26	αἰγιόχοιο	αἰγιόχος	ADJ	A-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	25 Διὸς	amod	high	Epic genitive adjective agreeing with Διός.
27	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	_	28 Πύλῳ	case	high
28	Πύλῳ	Πύλος	PROPN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	33 ἔδωκεν	obl	high
29	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	_	30 νεκύεσσι	case	high
30	νεκύεσσι	νεκύς	NOUN	N-DPN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	33 ἔδωκεν	obl	high	Epic dative plural; τοῖσι modifies this noun.
31	βαλὼν	βάλλω	VERB	V-2AAP-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	33 ἔδωκεν	advcl	high	Subject is ἀνήρ.
32	ὀδύνῃσιν	ὀδύνη	NOUN	N-DPF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	33 ἔδωκεν	obl	high	Epic dative plural of means or result.
33	ἔδωκεν	δίδωμι	VERB	V-2AAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	11 τλῆ	ccomp	high	Finite verb of the temporal clause introduced by εὖτε.
34	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἐπάγονται	punct	high
35	H	H	X	_	_	1 ἐπάγονται	dep	low	Citation text; tokenization preserves the supplied Latin character.
36	o	o	X	_	_	35 H	flat	low	Citation text.
37	m	m	X	_	_	35 H	flat	low	Citation text.
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	35 H	punct	high
39	I	I	X	_	_	35 H	flat	low	Citation text.
40	l	l	X	_	_	35 H	flat	low	Citation text.
41	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	35 H	punct	high
42	5.395	5.395	SYM	_	_	35 H	flat	high	Citation locator.
43	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	42 5.395	punct	high
44	397	397	SYM	_	_	42 5.395	flat	high	Citation locator.

Sentence 2

6.25.3 sentence 2

Tokens: 35
Input: 931
Output: 2,393
Total: 3,324

εἰ δὲ κατὰ τὴν Ἀγαμέμνονος καὶ Μενελάου στρατείαν ἐπὶ Ἴλιον Ποσειδῶν τῷ Ὁμήρου λόγῳ τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ἐπίκουρος ἦν, οὐκ ἂν ἄπο τοῦ εἰκότος οὐδὲ Ἅιδην εἴη δόξῃ γε τοῦ αὐτοῦ ποιητοῦ Πυλίοις ἀμῦναι.

The protasis is εἰ ... ἦν; the apodosis uses potential optative εἴη with ἄν and infinitival ἀμῦναι. The phrase οὐδὲ Ἅιδην coordinates a second divine beneficiary/object, while δόξῃ ... τοῦ αὐτοῦ ποιητοῦ qualifies the claim by Homer's authority.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	εἰ	εἰ	SCONJ	C	_	18 ἦν	mark	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	18 ἦν	cc	high
3	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	PREP	_	8 στρατείαν	case	high
4	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 στρατείαν	det	high
5	Ἀγαμέμνονος	Ἀγαμέμνων	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	8 στρατείαν	nmod	high
6	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	7 Μενελάου	cc	high
7	Μενελάου	Μενέλαος	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	5 Ἀγαμέμνονος	conj	high
8	στρατείαν	στρατεία	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	18 ἦν	obl	high	Object of κατά.
9	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	PREP	_	10 Ἴλιον	case	high
10	Ἴλιον	Ἴλιον	PROPN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	8 στρατείαν	nmod	medium	Destination/target of the expedition; attachment to στρατείαν.
11	Ποσειδῶν	Ποσειδῶν	PROPN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 ἦν	nsubj	high
12	τῷ	ὁ	DET	T-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 λόγῳ	det	high
13	Ὁμήρου	Ὅμηρος	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 λόγῳ	nmod	high
14	λόγῳ	λόγος	NOUN	N-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 ἦν	obl	high	Dative of standard/authority: according to Homer's account.
15	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	T-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	16 Ἕλλησιν	det	high
16	Ἕλλησιν	Ἕλλην	NOUN	N-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	17 ἐπίκουρος	obl	high	Dative of benefit/association with ἐπίκουρος.
17	ἐπίκουρος	ἐπίκουρος	ADJ	A-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 ἦν	xcomp	high	Predicate adjective.
18	ἦν	εἰμί	AUX	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	27 εἴη	advcl	high	Imperfect in the protasis.
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	18 ἦν	punct	high
20	οὐκ	οὐ	PART	ADV	Polarity=Neg	27 εἴη	advmod	high
21	ἂν	ἄν	PART	PART	_	27 εἴη	aux	high	Modal particle with optative.
22	ἄπο	ἀπό	ADP	PREP	_	24 εἰκότος	case	high
23	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	24 εἰκότος	det	high
24	εἰκότος	εἰκός	NOUN	N-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	27 εἴη	obl	high	Substantivized neuter genitive: contrary to what is likely/reasonable.
25	οὐδὲ	οὐδέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	26 Ἅιδην	cc	high	Coordinates the second object.
26	Ἅιδην	Ἅιδης	PROPN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	34 ἀμῦναι	obj	high	Object of ἀμῦναι.
27	εἴη	εἰμί	AUX	V-PAO-3S	Mood=Opt\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Potential optative with ἄν.
28	δόξῃ	δόξα	NOUN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	27 εἴη	obl	medium	Dative of opinion/qualification, with γε.
29	γε	γε	PART	PART	_	28 δόξῃ	advmod	high
30	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	32 ποιητοῦ	det	high
31	αὐτοῦ	αὐτός	PRON	P-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	32 ποιητοῦ	nmod	high	Anaphoric genitive modifying ποιητοῦ.
32	ποιητοῦ	ποιητής	NOUN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	28 δόξῃ	nmod	high	Genitive of author/source with δόξῃ.
33	Πυλίοις	Πύλιος	ADJ	A-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	34 ἀμῦναι	obl	high	Dative of advantage with ἀμῦναι.
34	ἀμῦναι	ἀμύνω	VERB	V-2AAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	27 εἴη	xcomp	high	Complementary infinitive dependent on εἴη; implied subject is Ποσειδῶν.
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	27 εἴη	punct	high

Sentence 3

6.25.3 sentence 3

Tokens: 18
Input: 750
Output: 1,346
Total: 2,096

Ἠλεῖοι δʼ οὖν ὡς σφίσι τε εὔνῳ καὶ ἀπεχθανομένῳ πρὸς τὸν Ἡρακλέα ἐποιήσαντο τὸ ἱερὸν τῷ θεῷ·

The compressed ὡς-clause contains coordinated dative expressions εὔνῳ and ἀπεχθανομένῳ; attachment of the participle is somewhat uncertain, but its πρὸς phrase clearly relates to Ἡρακλέα.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Ἠλεῖοι	Ἠλεῖος	PROPN	Nbmp	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 ἐποιήσαντο	nsubj	high	Ethnic name functioning as subject.
2	δʼ	δέ	CCONJ	C-	_	13 ἐποιήσαντο	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	οὖν	οὖν	PART	Df	_	13 ἐποιήσαντο	advmod	high	Inferential particle.
4	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	C-	_	7 εὔνῳ	mark	medium	Introduces the comparison/construal phrase.
5	σφίσι	σφεῖς	PRON	Pp3pd	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	7 εὔνῳ	obl	high	Dative of reference with εὔνῳ and ἀπεχθανομένῳ.
6	τε	τε	CCONJ	C-	_	7 εὔνῳ	cc	high	First member of correlative coordination.
7	εὔνῳ	εὔνους	ADJ	A-s---md-	Case=Dat\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	9 ἀπεχθανομένῳ	conj	medium	Dative adjective, coordinated with ἀπεχθανομένῳ; substantive or agreeing with an elided noun.
8	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C-	_	9 ἀπεχθανομένῳ	cc	high	Coordinates the two dative modifiers.
9	ἀπεχθανομένῳ	ἀπεχθάνομαι	VERB	V-ppmd-s	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	13 ἐποιήσαντο	advcl	medium	Present middle participle in a dative construction; exact attachment is syntactically compressed.
10	πρὸς	πρός	ADP	R-	_	12 Ἡρακλέα	case	high	Preposition governing accusative.
11	τὸν	ὁ	DET	P---mas-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	12 Ἡρακλέα	det	high	Definite article.
12	Ἡρακλέα	Ἡρακλῆς	PROPN	Nbmp	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	9 ἀπεχθανομένῳ	obl	high	Object of πρὸς in the participial phrase.
13	ἐποιήσαντο	ποιέω	VERB	V-3aia--	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Main finite verb.
14	τὸ	ὁ	DET	P---nan-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	15 ἱερὸν	det	high	Definite article.
15	ἱερὸν	ἱερόν	NOUN	Nbna	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	13 ἐποιήσαντο	obj	high	Thing made/dedicated.
16	τῷ	ὁ	DET	P---mdn-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	17 θεῷ	det	high	Definite article.
17	θεῷ	θεός	NOUN	Nbmd	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 ἐποιήσαντο	iobj	high	Dative recipient or dedicatee.
18	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	13 ἐποιήσαντο	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Sentence 4

6.25.3 sentence 4

Tokens: 21
Input: 772
Output: 1,511
Total: 2,283

ἑκάστου δὲ ἅπαξ ἀνοίγειν τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ νομίζουσιν, ὅτι οἶμαι καὶ ἀνθρώποις ἅπαξ ἡ κάθοδος ἡ ἐς τοῦ Ἅιδου γίνεται.

The clause introduced by ὅτι explains the belief; οἶμαι is parenthetical, and the repeated article before ἐς τοῦ Ἅιδου is treated as an attributive resumption of κάθοδος.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἑκάστου	ἕκαστος	ADJ	A--GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Ind	4 ἀνοίγειν	obj	medium	Genitive dependent on ἀνοίγειν; elliptical object, likely each [temple/shrine].
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	7 νομίζουσιν	cc	high
3	ἅπαξ	ἅπαξ	ADV	ADV	_	4 ἀνοίγειν	advmod	high
4	ἀνοίγειν	ἀνοίγω	VERB	V--PAN	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	7 νομίζουσιν	xcomp	high	Infinitive complement of νομίζουσιν.
5	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	----GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	6 ἐνιαυτοῦ	det	high
6	ἐνιαυτοῦ	ἐνιαυτός	NOUN	N--GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 ἀνοίγειν	obl	high	Temporal genitive: once in the year.
7	νομίζουσιν	νομίζω	VERB	V-PIA-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	7 νομίζουσιν	punct	high
9	ὅτι	ὅτι	SCONJ	CONJ	_	20 γίνεται	mark	high	Introduces the explanatory content clause.
10	οἶμαι	οἴομαι	VERB	V-PMI-1S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	20 γίνεται	parataxis	medium	Parenthetical first-person verb, ‘I think’; exact attachment is interpretive.
11	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	20 γίνεται	cc	high	Additive conjunction: also for human beings.
12	ἀνθρώποις	ἄνθρωπος	NOUN	N--DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	20 γίνεται	iobj	high
13	ἅπαξ	ἅπαξ	ADV	ADV	_	20 γίνεται	advmod	high
14	ἡ	ὁ	DET	----NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	15 κάθοδος	det	high
15	κάθοδος	κάθοδος	NOUN	N--NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	20 γίνεται	nsubj	high
16	ἡ	ὁ	DET	----NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	15 κάθοδος	det	medium	Article repeated with an attributive prepositional phrase: ‘the descent, the one to Hades’.
17	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	19 Ἅιδου	case	high
18	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	----GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	19 Ἅιδου	det	high
19	Ἅιδου	ᾍδης	PROPN	N--GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	15 κάθοδος	nmod	high	Proper name in the genitive governed by ἐς.
20	γίνεται	γίγνομαι	VERB	V-PMI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	7 νομίζουσιν	ccomp	high	Explanatory content clause governed by νομίζουσιν; ὅτι is its marker.
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	7 νομίζουσιν	punct	high

← 6.25.2 6.25.4 →