Grammar parses for passage 6.26.7
Open translation for this passage
μέγεθος μέν ἐστιν αὐτοῦ διπλάσιον ἢ κανθάρων ὁ μέγιστος, τὰ δὲ ἄλλα εἴκασται τοῖς ἀράχναις, οἳ ὑπὸ τοῖς δένδρεσιν ὑφαίνουσι, καὶ δὴ καὶ πόδας ἀριθμὸν ὀκτὼ κατὰ ταὐτὰ ἔχει τοῖς ἀράχναις.
The passage contains several loosely coordinated clauses; I treat ἐστιν, εἴκασται, and ἔχει as separate clause heads because the punctuation and parataxis are strong, though the middle clause is syntactically and semantically difficult.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μέγεθος | μέγεθος | NOUN | _ | Case=NOM|Gender=NEUT|Number=SG | 3 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστιν. |
| 2 | μέν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 1 μέγεθος | discourse | high | Discourse particle. |
| 3 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=IND|Number=SG|Person=3|Tense=PRES|Voice=ACT | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 4 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=GEN|Gender=MASC|Number=SG|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 5 διπλάσιον | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent of διπλάσιον; likely 'of it'. |
| 5 | διπλάσιον | διπλάσιος | ADJ | _ | Case=NOM|Gender=NEUT|Number=SG | 3 ἐστιν | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective with ἐστιν. |
| 6 | ἢ | ἤ | SCONJ | _ | _ | 5 διπλάσιον | mark | high | Comparative marker. |
| 7 | κανθάρων | κάνθαρος | NOUN | _ | Case=GEN|Gender=MASC|Number=PL | 5 διπλάσιον | obl | high | Standard of comparison. |
| 8 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=NOM|Gender=MASC|Number=SG|PronType=Art | 9 μέγιστος | det | high | Article. |
| 9 | μέγιστος | μέγιστος | ADJ | _ | Case=NOM|Degree=Sup|Gender=MASC|Number=SG | 1 μέγεθος | amod | high | Attributive superlative modifying μέγεθος. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=NOM|Gender=NEUT|Number=PL|PronType=Art | 13 ἄλλα | det | high | Article. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 14 εἴκασται | discourse | high | Discourse particle. |
| 13 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | _ | Case=NOM|Gender=NEUT|Number=PL | 14 εἴκασται | nsubj | medium | Neuter plural subject of εἴκασται. |
| 14 | εἴκασται | εἴκω | VERB | _ | Mood=IND|Number=SG|Person=3|Tense=PERF|Voice=MID | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Second finite clause; form is formally singular perfect/middle, though sense is difficult. |
| 15 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=DAT|Gender=FEM|Number=PL|PronType=Art | 16 ἀράχναις | det | medium | Article; likely with ἀράχναις. |
| 16 | ἀράχναις | ἀράχνη | NOUN | _ | Case=DAT|Gender=FEM|Number=PL | 14 εἴκασται | obl | high | Dative comparison/pattern. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 εἴκασται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 18 | οἳ | ὅς | PRON | _ | Case=NOM|Gender=MASC|Number=PL|PronType=Rel | 22 ὑφαίνουσι | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun referring to ἀράχναις. |
| 19 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 21 δένδρεσιν | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 20 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=DAT|Gender=NEUT|Number=PL|PronType=Art | 21 δένδρεσιν | det | high | Article. |
| 21 | δένδρεσιν | δένδρον | NOUN | _ | Case=DAT|Gender=NEUT|Number=PL | 22 ὑφαίνουσι | obl | high | Object of ὑπό. |
| 22 | ὑφαίνουσι | ὑφαίνω | VERB | _ | Mood=IND|Number=PL|Person=3|Tense=PRES|Voice=ACT | 18 οἳ | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying οἳ. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ὑφαίνουσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 32 ἔχει | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 25 | δὴ | δή | PART | _ | _ | 32 ἔχει | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 26 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 32 ἔχει | cc | high | Second coordinator in the sequence. |
| 27 | πόδας | πούς | NOUN | _ | Case=ACC|Gender=MASC|Number=PL | 32 ἔχει | obj | high | Direct object of ἔχει. |
| 28 | ἀριθμὸν | ἀριθμός | NOUN | _ | Case=ACC|Gender=MASC|Number=SG | 27 πόδας | appos | medium | Appositional accusative specifying 'in number'. |
| 29 | ὀκτὼ | ὀκτώ | NUM | _ | NumType=Card | 28 ἀριθμὸν | nummod | high | Numeral. |
| 30 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | _ | _ | 31 ταὐτὰ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 31 | ταὐτὰ | αὐτός | ADJ | _ | Case=ACC|Gender=NEUT|Number=PL | 32 ἔχει | obl | medium | Fixed phrase κατὰ ταὐτά 'in the same way'. |
| 32 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Mood=IND|Number=SG|Person=3|Tense=PRES|Voice=ACT | 0 ROOT | root | high | Final finite clause; coordinate with earlier clauses as separate root-like sentence unit. |
| 33 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=DAT|Gender=FEM|Number=PL|PronType=Art | 34 ἀράχναις | det | medium | Article; likely with ἀράχναις. |
| 34 | ἀράχναις | ἀράχνη | NOUN | _ | Case=DAT|Gender=FEM|Number=PL | 32 ἔχει | obl | high | Dative of comparison/reference with ἔχει. |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 32 ἔχει | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ταῦτα τὰ ζῷα τρέφουσιν οἱ Σῆρες οἴκους κατασκευασάμενοι χειμῶνός τε καὶ θέρους ὥρᾳ ἐπιτηδείους·
Main clause with participial circumstantial description; οἴκους ... ἐπιτηδείους forms a predicative phrase describing the houses, and χειμῶνός τε καὶ θέρους ὥρᾳ gives temporal/seasonal specification.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | PD-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 4 τρέφουσιν | obj | high | Demonstrative modifying ζῷα as object. |
| 2 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 3 ζῷα | det | high | Article with ζῷα. |
| 3 | ζῷα | ζῷον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 τρέφουσιν | obj | high | Direct object of τρέφουσιν. |
| 4 | τρέφουσιν | τρέφω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb of the clause. |
| 5 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 Σῆρες | det | high | Article with Σῆρες. |
| 6 | Σῆρες | Σῆρες | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 τρέφουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of τρέφουσιν. |
| 7 | οἴκους | οἶκος | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 κατασκευασάμενοι | obj | medium | Likely object of κατασκευασάμενοι. |
| 8 | κατασκευασάμενοι | κατασκευάζω | VERB | V-AMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 6 Σῆρες | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying Σῆρες. |
| 9 | χειμῶνός | χειμών | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ὥρᾳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ὥρᾳ. |
| 10 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 9 χειμῶνός | cc | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 θέρους | cc | high | Coordinates χειμῶνός and θέρους. |
| 12 | θέρους | θέρος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 χειμῶνός | conj | high | Coordinated genitive with χειμῶνός. |
| 13 | ὥρᾳ | ὥρα | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 κατασκευασάμενοι | obl | medium | Temporal/dative specification linked to the participle. |
| 14 | ἐπιτηδείους | ἐπιτήδειος | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 οἴκους | amod | medium | Adjective modifying οἴκους; case as expected, though semantics are somewhat loose. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 τρέφουσιν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
τὸ δὲ ἔργον τῶν ζῴων κλῶσμα εὑρίσκεται λεπτὸν τοῖς ποσὶν αὐτῶν περιειλιγμένον.
The clause is straightforward overall, but the predicate phrase λεπτὸν ... περιειλιγμένον is somewhat loose; I treat περιειλιγμένον as a participial modifier attached to the main verb and λεπτὸν as part of the same predicative description.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 ἔργον | det | high | Article modifying ἔργον. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 7 εὑρίσκεται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἔργον | ἔργον | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 εὑρίσκεται | nsubj | high | Subject of εὑρίσκεται. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 ζῴων | det | high | Article modifying ζῴων. |
| 5 | ζῴων | ζῷον | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 ἔργον | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἔργον. |
| 6 | κλῶσμα | κλῶσμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 εὑρίσκεται | xcomp | medium | Likely predicative complement describing the subject/result. |
| 7 | εὑρίσκεται | εὑρίσκω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 8 | λεπτὸν | λεπτός | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 περιειλιγμένον | xcomp | medium | Part of participial/clausal predicate phrase; agreement suggests neuter nominative. |
| 9 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 ποσὶν | det | high | Article modifying ποσὶν. |
| 10 | ποσὶν | πούς | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 περιειλιγμένον | obl | high | Dative of means/instrument with participle. |
| 11 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 10 ποσὶν | nmod | high | Possessor of ποσὶν. |
| 12 | περιειλιγμένον | περιειλίσσω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 7 εὑρίσκεται | advcl | medium | Perfect passive participle agreeing with κλῶσμα/implicit predicate; syntax somewhat loose. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 εὑρίσκεται | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |